Question

Have successful people ever felt sad? Do they have any “secrets” to success? The answers to these questions can be found in US president Barack Obama’s “back to school” speech. Here is an excerpt(摘录) from his speech.
I know that sometimes, you get the sense that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through pop music or basketball or being a TV star, when chances are, you’re not going to be any of those things.
But the truth is, being successful is hard. You won’t love every subject you study. Not all the homework will seem rather important to your life right this minute. And you may not succeed at everything the first time you try.
That’s OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who’ve had the most failures (the opposite of success). JK Rowling’s first Harry Potter book was turned down 12 times before it finally came out. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots (投篮) during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”
These people succeeded because they understand that you can’t let your failures beat you—you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.
No one’s born being good at things. You become good at things through hard work.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to tell when you don’t know something, and to learn something new.
And even when you’re struggling(奋斗), even when you’re discouraged (泄气), and you feel other people have given up on you—don’t ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.
【小题1】Why does Barack Obama mention (提到) JK Rowling and Michael Jordan in the third paragraph?

A．To compare these two famous persons.

B．To explain that the more failures he has, the more successful he is.

C．If you want to be successful, you should fail first.

D．To show that failure is the mother of success.

【小题2】 Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．No one can be successful without working hard.

B．Failure can be good if you treat it in a right way.

C．Those who believe in themselves shouldn’t ask others for help.

D．One should try his best to make his dream come true.

【小题3】Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined sentence?

A．One shouldn’t ask questions because it is a sign of strength.

B．One should believe in himself though he will face much difficulty.

C．One doesn’t have to work hard when he has failed several times.

D．One doesn’t have to ask for help because it is a sign of weakness.

Answer 1

【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B

解析试题分析：这篇短文引用奥巴马的一个演讲来告诉我们怎样才能成功。通过奥巴马的演讲我们可以知道，要想成功，就必须努力学习，没有人会随随便便成功。演讲中奥巴马还为我们举了JK Rowling和Michael Jordan的例子，他们在获得成功之前都曾经失败过很多次。
【小题1】推理判断题。在这段中奥巴马是想告诉我们很多名人在成名之前其实也经历过很多的失败，所以成功的获得并不是容易的，失败是成功之母。故选D。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据文章中Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to tell when you don’t know something, and to learn something new. 这段的内容可知，想要成功并不是说就要完全的依靠自己，我们不应该害怕向别人求助，这是力量的象征，它表明你有勇气告诉别人你不知道的事情，同时也会学到新的事情。C选项的表达和这段是不符的，故选C。
【小题3】句意理解题。文章中划线的句子意为：甚至当你在奋斗的时候，在你泄气的时候，在你其他人都已经放弃你的时候，不要放弃你自己。故B选项的句子：即使面对很多困难也要相信自己。这句话与文章中的意思是最接近的。故选B。
考点：教育类短文阅读。