题目内容

A person has been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give him a transfusion (输血) because he has lost much blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for him. If the blood is too different from his own, the transfusion can kill him.
There are four basic blood groups: A, B, AB and O. A single test can tell us a person’s blood group. Everybody is born with one of these four blood groups. People’s blood group, like hair colour, is inherited (继承) from parents.
Because the substances contained in each group are different, transfusion must be given carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can be given to any other group, so it is often called the universal donor. On the contrary, AB is sometimes called the universal recipient (接受者). However, before being given the transfusion, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (血浆) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible. In this way, it is possible to avoid any bad results of the transfusion.
There is a relationship between our blood groups and our nationalities. Among the Europeans, about 42 percent are blood group A while 45 percent are blood group O. The rarest is blood group AB. However, some American Indian groups are nearly 100 percent blood group O.
小题1:Which of the following shows the correct relationship in blood transfusion? (→ =" giving" blood to)

小题2:Usually, before being given a transfusion, ________.
A.a person needs to receive salt or plasma first
B.a person needs to have a good rest
C.a person needs to have a lot of food and water
D.a person needs to find the person with the same blood group as him
小题3:The third most common blood type among the Europeans is _______.
A.AB.BC.ABD.O
小题4:Which is NOT right according to the passage?
A. A person’s blood group depends on his parents.
B. There is only one kind of blood group in a person’s body.
C. About 13 percent of the Europeans have blood group AB.
D. Most of American Indians can be universal blood donors.
小题5:Which is the best title for the passage?  
A.Blood transfusionB.Blood groups
C.Car accidentsD.Blood group and nationalities

小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:B

试题分析:这篇文章讲述的是人类具有的不同的血型以及不同血型之间该如何输血。
小题1:细节题。根据文章可知,A,B血型可以给AB血型的人输血,O血型可以给A,B,AB血型的人输血。故选D
小题2:细节题。根据文章However, before being given the transfusion, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (血浆) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible.可知,一个人被输血之前,首先要吸收一些盐水或者血浆。故选A
小题3:细节题。根据文章可知,在欧洲,百分之四十二的人是A型血,百分之四十五是O型血,最稀缺的血型是AB型,可知,第三种最普遍的血型是B型血。故选B
小题4:细节题。根据文章可知,在欧洲B血型和AB血型的人总共占百分之十三。故选C
小题5:主旨题。这篇文章讲述的是人类具有的不同的血型以及不同血型之间如何输血。故选B
点评:对于英语阅读文章中的说明一个物体的相关内容的文章,是初三常考的知识题材。此类题文章不长,学生在答题的过程中可以首先对整篇文章进行阅读,理解文章的意思,然后带着问题在文章中找到相对应的答案,即可答出。
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All students need to have good study habits. When you have good study habits, you will learn things quickly and also remember them easily. Do you like to study in the living room? This is not a good place, because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, like your bedroom A quiet place will help you only to think about one thing. When you study, do not think about other things at the same time. Only think about your homework. If you do so, you will do your homework more quickly, and you will make fewer mistakes.
Good study habits are very important. If you do not have them, try to learn them. If your study
habitsare already good. Try to make them better.
小题1:If you have good study habits, you can__________.
A.learn things quickly and remember them easily
B.do things quickly and remember them easily
C.read books quickly but forget them easily
D.write words quickly but forget them easily
小题2:You need_______ when you study.
A.a dining roomB.a quiet placeC.a living roomD.a noisy place
小题3:When you study, you should think about________.
A.good study habitsB.other thingsC.your homeworkD.your hobbies
小题4:After reading this passage, we know that good study habits are very_______.
A.difficultB.unusualC.importantD.easy
小题5:According to (根据) the writer, which can be a good study habit?
A.Reading English among a crowd of people.
B.Thinking only about math in a math class.
C.Thinking in Chinese while talking in English.
D.Do your homework as quickly as you can.
Liberal (自由) education is designed not only to teach and learn knowledge, but also to develop a person’s character. Its aim is to   1  each student to think for himself and make wise decisions. Now liberal education has a great    2 on the world.
Much work has been done to  3  a better way of teaching. In a liberal class, students are  4 to have their own thoughts and own ideas when they have  5  which are often held in the form of group discussion. They are properly guided to   6  the knowledge learned. Punishment no longer exists (存在).  7 and students are just like friends.
The idea is of course a perfect one if it can really be carried out. However, it  8 exists in the imagination and will never be realized. We must admit (承认) that  9  should at least be guided properly. Just close your eyes and think how many students will   10  the duties of a student if they are not pushed.   11 is the use of advice only if it is not supported by a reasonable   12  of  control and punishment?
It is   13  for us to judge the success and failure of the kind of education now, but   14  the bad behavior of children, which is really the   15  of liberal education, we can see that something must be done to help these children.
小题1:
A.teachB.orderC.learnD.push
小题2:
A.organization B.figureC.effectD.fact
小题3:
A.holdB.findC.makeD.answer
小题4:
A.encouragedB.toldC.usedD.driven
小题5:
A.shoppingB.lunchC.sportsD.lessons
小题6:
A.rememberB.useC.reviewD.act
小题7:
A.EnemiesB.FathersC.TeachersD.Classmates
小题8:
A.alsoB.onlyC.evenD.never
小题9:
A.childrenB.familiesC.adultsD.schools
小题10:
A.arrangeB.makeC.performD.return
小题11:
A.WhyB.WhenC.WhatD.Where
小题12:
A.degreeB.restC.personD.master
小题13:
A.easyB.possible C.hardD.helpful
小题14:
A.withB.againstC.aboutD.from
小题15:
A.progressB.goalC.resultD.purpose
Fashions in child-care (儿童保育), as all parents know, come and go. Bottle-feeding or mother's milk?  Full-time parental care or a child-minder(儿童保育员)? These problems always trouble the parents a lot. And now, there is a book called Childsplay dealing with the problem of child-care.
The author of Childsplay, Lucy Jackson, believes most school children do some sports at school. And many adults take regular exercise in their free time.
Babies, though, spend most of the time in front of the television or sitting in a push-chair (折叠式婴儿车) or high chair. If the world were a safer place, every child would run around freely, but that is simply not possible. As a result, they become lazy, overweight and unfit.
Ms. Jackson is worried that if small children take no regular exercise, bad habits will continue into adulthood (成人期 ). She suggests that parents should begin exercising with very small babies, moving their legs and arms gently in time to music. As children grow, they should follow and exercise program using soft balls, household furniture and play equipment.                                    
Many experts in child development do not agree. They feel that children will learn to run and jump as they play naturally; they do not need planned exercise. They would not be overweight if they ate healthier food. An increasing number of parents, though, are taking their children to exercise classes. The kids jump around with their mothers to disco music.They seem to enjoy themselves, but it is not at all clear if the classes have any effect on their future development.
小题1:According to the passage, the parents do not worry about how to care about their children.
小题2:Childsplay is a book about how to take care of the children.
小题3:Ms. Jackson doesn't believe babies take enough exercise.
小题4:Ms. Jackson encourages parents to take exercise with their babies.
小题5:Though we don’t know if the exercise will have any effect on children future development, some mothers have already taken their children to exercise.
As we all know, the ocean moves. But waves breaking on the beach make the ocean fun. When you stand on the shore and look at the waves, it seems like the water is moving towards you. But the water is not really moving forward. The moving you see is wave energy. And wave energy comes from the wind.
Let’s think about how this works. As wave energy passes through the water, the energy makes particles (粒子) of water move up and down. Just give you an example of a wave passing under a basketball. We put a basketball on the sea. When the wind blows, a wave comes from behind the basketball. The basketball moves up to the top with the wave. Then the wave continues and leaves the basketball behind. The basketball looks lower, but it doesn’t move forward. That’s because the wave energy just moves the water which is under the basketball.
   So why can you see a wave knock you down on the shore?When a wave moves toward the shore, the bottom of the wave slows down because it meets the ocean floor. But the top, which is called crest(浪峰), keeps moving. The different action causes the wave to fall over or break onto the shore. If a wave is very large, it carries a lot of energy when it hits the land. As time goes by, waves can break up and carry away the rocks and other things on the shore. Shorelines are changing all the time because of wave action.
小题1:______ is really moving forward when you look at the wave.
A.WaterB.The basketballC.Water and wave energyD.Wave energy
小题2:Match the sentences with the pictures and the right answer.
(1) The basketball moves up to the top with the wave.
(2) The basketball continues and leaves the basketball behind.
(3) When the wind blows, a wave comes from behind the basketball.
A.a—(2) b—(1) c—(3)B.a—(3) b—(1) c—(2)
C.a—(1) b—(3) c—(2)D.a—(3) b—(2) c—(1)
小题3:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Wave energy comes from the water.
B.Large waves carry plenty of energy.
C.Wave action makes shorelines change all the time.
D.The bottom of the wave is easy to slow down.
小题4:The underlined word “it” ( Paragraph 3) refers to “________”.
A.particles of waterB.the shoreC.the windD.the bottom of the wave
小题5:The main idea of this passage is ______.
A.what makes particles of water moveB.how a basketball moves on the ocean
C.how wave energy causes wave actionD.why a wave can knock you down

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