题目内容

信息归纳(本部分为5小题,每小题1分,共5分)
Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There were no modern machines, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills fish and affects(影响) our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and louder. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It affects every living thing in the world.
The world is not only hungry, but it is also thirsty for water. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid(避免) a serious worldwide water shortage later on. We all have to learn how to stop wasting our valuable water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it. But even if we purified(净化) and reused the water, we still would not have enough. All we’d have to do is to make use of the vast reserves(储备) of sea water in the world is to remove the salt.
Paper comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. So how can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets. We can also use cotton handkerchiefs(手帕) and not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant does give us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later.
Information card
Three kinds of main pollutions today
小题1:.
小题2:.
小题3:
A serious worldwide problem we’re going to face
小题4:
How many ways are mentioned(提到) to save paper?
小题5:

小题1:Water pollution
小题2:Noise pollution
小题3:Air pollution
小题4:Water shortage
小题5:Four

试题分析:这篇短文主要讲述环保问题。文章介绍,水污染、噪音污染和空气污染是当今最大的污染问题。文章同时还就如何保护水资源,如何节约用纸提出了一些具体做法。
小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第一段Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty的描述可知,水污染是当今三种主要污染之一。故填Water pollution。
小题2:细节理解题。根据第一段Noise pollution makes us talk louder and louder描述可知,噪音污染是当今三种主要污染之一。故填Noise pollution。
小题3:细节理解题。根据第一段Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution的描述可知,空气污染也是当今三种主要污染之一。故填Air pollution。
小题4:细节理解题。根据短文Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid(避免) a serious worldwide water shortage later on的描述可知,我们将要面临的一个世界性难题是水资源短缺。故应填Water shortage。
小题5:细节理解题。根据短文最后一段We can use both sides of every piece of paper,---We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets. We can also use cotton handkerchiefs(手帕) and not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags的描述可知,文章一共提到了4种节约纸张的办法。故填Four。
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阅读表达。(共5小题,计5分)
阅读短文,根据要求完成下面各小题。
★8-year-old boy becomes a CEO
Harli Jordean, an 8-year-old boy from Stoke Newington, London loves marbles(弹珠)very much. With his mother’s help, he set up his own website named marblelcing.co.uk. He sells all kinds of marbles online and his online store is very popular. Harli’s dream is to become the owner of one of the biggest toy stores in the world.
★Matt Cardle-from an unknown(不知名的)painter to a hot singer
Matt Cardle, a 27-year-old young man from a small town in England liked music very much, but he had to do different jobs to make a living. He worked as a postman, milkman and a painter. Life was not easy, but Matt__(1)_________________________(从没有放弃过他的梦想)-to be a singer. In 2010, he took part in a famous British singing talent show(歌唱真人秀)and won first place.
★_________(2)__________________________
The Zapps are from Argentina. With the help of their old 1928 car, they began their tour on January 23, 2000. In ten years, they traveled to over 40 countries with their four children. When people asked what made them travel the whole world, they answered, “It’s just one dream, a big one, from Argentina to the whole world.”
Truly, all of us have dreams.(3) Each one of us can make our dreams come true if we start it now!
小题1:What does Hark Jordean dream of doing?
_________________________________________________________________
小题2:Translate the sentence underlined into English.
Matt _____________________________________________________________
小题3:What kinds of jobs did Matt Cardle do before he became a hot singer?
                                                                 
小题4:请把短文中划线的句子?译成汉语。
__________________________________________________________________
小题5:请给?处第三则新闻拟一个恰当的英文标题
__________________________________________________________________
根据短文内容,从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案,并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
It is two months since MH730 first went missing in the early hours of March 8th, while flying from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing. Malaysia Airlines said it was terribly sorry that MH370 ended in the southern Indian Ocean. People are losing hope that the passengers on the      could return alive and realize they should know how to save themselves when accidents like this happen in the air.
  1985, an Australia professor, Ed Galea, has interviewed 2,000 survivors of 105 airplane accidents, searching for the keys to survival (n.幸存) and found out      golden rules after years of research.
First, make sure that the airline does not keep your family members too far away on the plane, if you are traveling in family group.     ? It’s natural that while feeling in danger, you’ll probably want to meet the family before you can calmly move out.
Second, how do you untie (解开) your seat belt on a plane? By lifting a latch.            you can’t untie your seat belt, you can hardly run away and your chances of survival will drop.
Third, the           to the exits (逃生口), the more likely you are to survive. Count exactly how many rows you are from the nearest two exits. Why two exits? Because this helps you find at least               even in the sudden dark during an accident.
Fourth, we would be safer if airline seats faced backward, according to Galea’s research. But the problem is that most of the passengers              traveling with their back facing the direction of travel.
Fifth, “Smoke is dangerous to your health. If you take in too much of it, your will die,” explains Galea. You must learn how to use a smoke mask. Without the knowledge of putting on a mask, you’ll              time trying to put it on—time that could be used to run away.
At last, listen to the flight attendants before flying and look      at everything shown on a video or a safety card. Always be prepared. Good luck to you.
小题1:
A.trainB.planeC.busD.ship
小题2:
A.InB.FromC.SinceD.On
小题3:
A.fourB.fiveC.sixD.seven
小题4:
A.WhoB.HowC.WhenD.Why
小题5:
A.UnlessB.IfC.UntilD.After
小题6:
A.closeB.closerC.farD.farther
小题7:
A.allB.themC.oneD.both
小题8:
A.don’t likeB.enjoyC.hopeD.don’t want
小题9:
A.saveB.haveC.wasteD.enjoy
小题10:
A.carefulB.carefullyC.carelessD.carelessly
A 15-year-old student who invented a flashlight(手电筒) getting power from the holder's body heat is going home today from California with a big prize and a chance to do further research.
Ann Makosinski was the only Canadian among the four winners at Google's international science competition. Thousands of young scientists from around the world took part in the competition.
Winning the science and technology competition was "a surprise". Ann said, "I think it will have a great influence on my future."
Ann thanked her family for encouraging her interest in science and said that her first toy was a box of transistors(晶体管).
Ann's prize includes $ 25,000 and a "once in a-lifetime expericnce" from Google for her Hollow Flashlight, which has no moving parts or batteries.
The idea for the invention came from seeing unwanted batteries and her friend's experience. When Ann visited a friend in the Philippines, she saw the friend couldn't study when it became dark because there was no electricity or light. She saw the need for a flashlight that has no batteries - Hollow Flashlight.
In her project, Ann wrote "I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight needs at least a 5℃ temperature difference between the holder's body and the environment around to produce light."
A video of Ann explaining how she creatcd the flashlight has been watched more than 1.4 million times on the Internet.
Though Ann was successful, she has not made a decision about her career path. Ann hopes that she can find a way to join her love of film and science together.
The four winners were chosen from 15 final competitors from eight countries. The competition attracted thousands of students in 120 countries.

小题1:In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage?
A.Travel.B.Culture.C.Technology. D.Advertisement.
小题2: The first paragraph is written to be a(n) ________.
A.introduction B.warningC.argumentD.discussion
小题3:Paragraph 6 mainly tells us ________.
A.what Ann saw in the PhilippinesB.why Ann invented Hollow Flashlight
C.how Ann's family encouraged her interestD.what prize Ann got for Hollow Flashlight
小题4:According to the passage, we learn ________.
A.easy to win the international science competition
B.Hollow Flashlight is safe, noiseless and can save energy
C.Ann has made a decision to be a scientist in the future
D.few people are interested in how Ann created the flashlight
Yang Nan, 17, was happy to move to her new home in a northern area of Beijing. She was told that her neighborhood used to be rich farmland planted with vegetables, corn and wheat. But looking at the new road, beautiful parks and supermarkets, to her surprise, Yang couldn't see any sign that food was once grown there.
Yang is not alone. In recent years, many Chinese people have moved into new houses in country areas. Tall buildings have been built everywhere in the suburbs. The crops and fruit trees are no more grown there. But these changes have caused big problems too, warns Gan Zangchun, an official(官员)at the Ministry of Land and Resources(国土资源部).
"Chinese cities are growing very fast. This has made the area for farmland much smaller than before. This is really bad for the country's ability to grow food, not to mention the lives of farmers," said Gan last Monday.
As the population of China is growing all the time, the country needs more farmland to grow food for the increasing people of China. But the recent rise in house prices has made selling land a good business. A lot of land has been used to build new houses for sale. So you can see, the shortage of the farmland is now a very serious problem.
Pollution, such as, oil pollution, industrial(工业) pollution and water pollution, which makes land useless, is another reason for the big drop in China's farmland. About 2.67 million square kilometers of land in China have been polluted and turned into desert.
Today, can we use less farmland to grow enough food for more people? Of course not! The government wants China to have at least 120 million hectares(公顷) of farmland. Only in this way can we raise such a big population. But there are only about 121.8 million hectares left. "It will be really difficult to reach the goal", Gan said. He said that the government would fight illegal(非法的) land use and something useful must be done to stop farmland from becoming desert.
小题1:The article seems to tell us that_____________.
A.farmland is in danger
B.countryside is turned into towns
C.farmland has been sold
D.Chinese cities are growing fast
小题2:From what Gan Zangchun said, we know he is worrying about ____________.
A.China's development is too slow
B.the population of China is growing fast
C.Chinese people have worse life than before
D.the reduction(减少) and pollution of the farmland
小题3:What size of the land have been polluted and turned into desert?
A.120 million hectares.
B.121.8 million hectares.
C.2.67 million square kilometers.
D.Millions of square kilometers.
小题4:Which statement of the following is NOT true?
A.Yang Nan's new home is in a northern area of Beijing.
B.The country needs enough farmland so that the farmers can grow enough food for the people of China.
C.Chinese cities are growing too slowly so the government encourages people to change the farmland into towns.
D.Pollution is also an important reason for the big drop in China's farmland.
小题5:What will the government do with the problem of the drop in China's farmland?
A.Government needs farmland to grow food for the people of China.
B.Government will order not to build new towns any more.
C.Government will stop the growth of the cities in order to stop selling farmland for business.
D.Government will fight illegal land use and stop farmland from becoming dessert.
Microsoft has stopped providing service for Windows XP since April 8. The computers that use the XP system are not as safe as before.
The "demise" of Windows XP will have the greatest influence on China because it has about 210 million XP users, who make up about 70.percent of the PC market in the world. Microsoft's decision to "kill" Windows XP, a product with hundreds of millions of users, has a certain purpose to show its strong position in the operating system market.

At the same time, the "death" of XP has created opportunities for China's IT companies to grow and develop.
In fact, shortly after Microsoft announced the “demise” of XP,some Chinese IT security(安全)providers were willing to offer safe solutions for XP users who do not change into a new system.
Information security is crucial for the IT companies, and the key to safeguarding information is the core technology, which very much depends on innovation(革新).
Although China has some well-known IT companies, it still does not have the core technology to develop an operating system. Many people are always complaining about and criticizing.  Therefore, only by having information technology and a policy that encourages innovation can China break the monopoly(垄断)of international IT giants and protect the internet security.
小题1:根据短文内容完成句子填空。(每空限填一个单词)。
From the first paragraph of the passage, we know Microsoft has __________ __________ providing service for Windows XP.
小题2:根据短文内容完成句子填空。(每空限填一个单词)。
According to the passage, there are about__________ __________XP users in the world.
小题3:根据短文内容回答问题。
According to the passage, how can China break the monopoly of international IT giants and protect the internet security?
小题4:把短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题5:根据短文内容用一个完整的句子回答问题(限10个词以内)。
What is the main idea of the passage?   
_______________________________________________________________________________
There is a famous English saying "You are what you eat", and it means what you put in your mouth will become part of you. Many experts(专家) use it to tell people it's important to have a good eating habit. For example, too much sweet food makes a person overweight. To avoid being fat, kids are told to keep off sweet food. However, a team of American scientists have discovered something new about eating sweet food.
"When we say some people 'sweet', we mean they are kind and friendly to us. Perhaps this word can help us learn more about people's feelings and acts." said Brian Meier, a scientist from the study team. "Taste is something we experience every day. What we have done is to find whether we can know someone's character and behavior depending on their taste."
In one of their experiments, college students were asked questions about their character- whether, for example, they were soft-hearted or not. Then they were asked to make a list of their favorite food. According to their answers, the scientists found that the students who liked sweet food were nicer.
In their another experiment, the scientists found that people who preferred sweet food such as cookies and chocolate were more willing to help other people in need, and those who ate non-sweet food such as chips weren't. For example, people with a sweet tooth were more likely to volunteer to clean up their city, visit sick children in the hospital and so on.
The result of the experiments is that people's helpfulness or being nice has something to do with their taste for sweet food. So eating sweet food is a useful way to make people nice and helpful. Next time, try some ice-cream.
小题1:The underlined word "it" in the sentence "Many experts use it to tell people it's important to have a good eating habit." refers to______.
A.the sweet foodB.the English saying
C.the American teamD.the eating habit
小题2:According to the result of the experiments, sweet food makes people______.
A.overweightB.excitedC.relaxedD.friendly
小题3:The scientists found that the people who preferred______ were less helpful.
A.chipsB.chocolateC.ice-creamD.cookies
小题4:It can be learnt from the passage that______.
A.scientists asked college students questions about their future
B.scientists told college students not to eat sweet food
C.people with a sweet tooth are more willing to help others
D.people's character has nothing to do with their taste
Decisions, decisions! Our lives are full of them, from the small ones to the life-changing. The right to choose is central to everyone. Yet sometimes we make bad decisions that leave us unhappy or full of regret. Can science help?
Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions. Luckily, what psychologists(心理学家)are finding may help us all make better choices. Here are some of their amazing discoveries to help you make up your mind.
Consider your emotions. You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision making, but in fact they are a part of it. Whenever you make up your mind, your brain’s emotional centre is active. University of Southern California scientist, Antonio Damasia, has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains , and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat. Damasia thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choice, which we use to help the present decision-making.
However, making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result. Take anger, for example. A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than considering other choices. It seems that anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.
All emotions affect our thinking and motivation(动机),so it may be best to avoid making important decisions under their influence. Yet strangely there is one emotion that seems to help us make good choices. The American researchers found that sad people took time to consider the various choices on offer, and ended up making the best choices. In fact many studies show that people who feel unhappy have the most reasonable view of the world.
小题1:According to the text, what may help us make better decisions?
A.To think about happy times.
B.To make many decisions at a time.
C.To stop feeling regretful about the past.
D.To learn about the process of decision-making.
小题2:What does the underlined word “central” mean?
A.中心的B.中央的C.起决定作用的D.后悔的
小题3:Damasia’s study suggests that ________.
A.emotions are the enemy of decision making.
B.our brain has nothing to do with decision making.
C.people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds.
D.our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions.
小题4:Why are angry shoppers more likely to choose the first thing they are offered?
A.They often forget their past choices.
B.They make decisions without much thinking.
C.They tend to save time when shopping.
D.They are too angry to bargain.
小题5:What do we learn from the text?
A.Emotions are a part of decision-making.
B.Sad people always make worse choices.
C.No emotion seems to help us make good choices.
D.Only sad feeling affect our thinking and motivation.

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