ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
½ðÊôÊÇÏÖ´úÉú»îºÍ¹¤ÒµÉú²úÖÐÓ¦Óü«ÎªÆÕ±éµÄÒ»Àà²ÄÁÏ£®ÒÑ֪ij½ðÊô·ÛÄ©Öгýº¬ÓÐAlÍ⻹º¬ÓÐÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄFeºÍCu£¬ÎªÖ¤Ã÷FeºÍCuµÄ´æÔÚ²¢²â¶¨ÆäÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬Ä³»¯Ñ§ÐËȤС×éµÄͬѧչ¿ªÁËÈçϵÄʵÑé̽¾¿£®
£¨²éÔÄ×ÊÁÏ£©AlÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÈÜÓÚË®µÄÆ«ÂÁËáÄƺÍÇâÆø£¨·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£©£¬FeºÍCu²»ÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£®
¢ÙÇëÍê³ÉÖ¤Ã÷½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖдæÔÚFeºÍCuµÄʵÑéÉè¼Æ£º
ʵÑé²Ù×÷ | ʵÑéÏÖÏó | ½áÂÛ |
¢ñÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿µÄ½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄ________________£¨ÌîÊÔ¼ÁÃû³Æ£©£® | _____________£® | ½ö³ýÈ¥ÂÁ |
¢ò½«ÊԹܾ²Öã¬ÆúÈ¥ÉϲãÇåÒº£¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄÏ¡ÁòËᣮ | _____________£® | Ö¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÌú |
¢ó½«ÊԹܾ²Öã¬ÆúÈ¥ÉϲãÇåÒº£¬¶à´ÎÏ´µÓÊ£Óà¹ÌÌå | Ê£Óà¹ÌÌå³Ê×ϺìÉ« | Ö¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÍ |
¼ÓNaOHÈÜÒºµÄ´ÎÊý | µÚÒ»´Î | µÚ¶þ´Î | µÚÈý´Î | ¡ |
Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿/g | 16.5 | n | 9.5 | ¡ |
II£®¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ
III£®ÁÐʽ¼ÆË㣺ËùÓÃÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ¶àÉÙ£¿
·ÖÎö£º£¨²éÔÄ×ÊÁÏ£©¢ÙI£®¸ù¾ÝÒÑÖª£º2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬ÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ£©£»
II£®¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËᣬÈç¹ûÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ»ò²úÉúdzÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒº£©£¬ÔòÖ¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÌú£»
¢ÚI£®·ÖÎöÒÔÉÏÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬µÚÒ»´Î·´Ó¦ÓÃÈ¥¹ÌÌå3.5¿Ë¹ÌÌ壬µÚ¶þ´Î£¬Ò²Ó¦·´Ó¦µô¹ÌÌå3.5¿É£¬ÕÒ³ö¹æÂÉ£¬Ã¿´Î¼õÉÙ¹ÌÌå3.5¿Ë£¬ËùÒÔÉϱíÖÐnµÄֵΪ13¿Ë£»
II£®ÓÐͼÖпÉÖª£¬Ê£ÓàÎïÖÊΪÔÓÖÊΪ6¿Ë£¬ÔòÂÁµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£¨20-6£©¿Ë£¬Ôò¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£»
III£®ÀûÓû¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄ½øÐмÆË㣺ÉèÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪx£¬ÕýÈ·Êéд»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬¸ù¾ÝÒÑÖªÁ¿ºÍδ֪Á¿£¬ÁбÈÀýʽ£¬½â´ð£¬Çó³öÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£®
II£®¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËᣬÈç¹ûÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ»ò²úÉúdzÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒº£©£¬ÔòÖ¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÌú£»
¢ÚI£®·ÖÎöÒÔÉÏÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬µÚÒ»´Î·´Ó¦ÓÃÈ¥¹ÌÌå3.5¿Ë¹ÌÌ壬µÚ¶þ´Î£¬Ò²Ó¦·´Ó¦µô¹ÌÌå3.5¿É£¬ÕÒ³ö¹æÂÉ£¬Ã¿´Î¼õÉÙ¹ÌÌå3.5¿Ë£¬ËùÒÔÉϱíÖÐnµÄֵΪ13¿Ë£»
II£®ÓÐͼÖпÉÖª£¬Ê£ÓàÎïÖÊΪÔÓÖÊΪ6¿Ë£¬ÔòÂÁµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£¨20-6£©¿Ë£¬Ôò¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£»
III£®ÀûÓû¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄ½øÐмÆË㣺ÉèÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪx£¬ÕýÈ·Êéд»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬¸ù¾ÝÒÑÖªÁ¿ºÍδ֪Á¿£¬ÁбÈÀýʽ£¬½â´ð£¬Çó³öÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨²éÔÄ×ÊÁÏ£©¢ÙI£®¸ù¾ÝÒÑÖª£º2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬ÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ£©£»
II£®¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËᣬÈç¹ûÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ»ò²úÉúdzÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒº£©£¬ÔòÖ¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÌú£»
¢ÚI£®·ÖÎöÒÔÉÏÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬µÚÒ»´Î·´Ó¦ÓÃÈ¥3.5¿Ë¹ÌÌ壬µÚ¶þ´Î£¬Ò²Ó¦·´Ó¦µô3.5¿Ë£¬ËùÒÔÉϱíÖÐnµÄֵΪ13¿Ë£»
II£®ÓÐͼÖпÉÖª£¬¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ
¡Á100%=70%£»
¹Ê´ðΪ£º¢ÙI£®ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢ÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ£©£»II£®ÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ»ò²úÉúdzÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒº£©
¢ÚI£®13£»II£®70
III£®½â£ºÉèÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪx
2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü
54 80
£¨20-6£©g 80xg
=
½âµÃx=25.9%
´ð£ºÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ25.9%
£¨ÈçÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÓÃ20g¡¢40g¡¢60g¼ÆËãʱ£¬ÔòÂÁµÄÖÊÁ¿ÏàӦΪ3.5g¡¢7.0g¡¢10.5gÒ²¿É£©
II£®¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËᣬÈç¹ûÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ»ò²úÉúdzÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒº£©£¬ÔòÖ¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÌú£»
¢ÚI£®·ÖÎöÒÔÉÏÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬µÚÒ»´Î·´Ó¦ÓÃÈ¥3.5¿Ë¹ÌÌ壬µÚ¶þ´Î£¬Ò²Ó¦·´Ó¦µô3.5¿Ë£¬ËùÒÔÉϱíÖÐnµÄֵΪ13¿Ë£»
II£®ÓÐͼÖпÉÖª£¬¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ
20-6 |
20 |
¹Ê´ðΪ£º¢ÙI£®ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢ÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ£©£»II£®ÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¨»ò¹ÌÌå¼õÉÙ»ò²úÉúdzÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒº£©
¢ÚI£®13£»II£®70
III£®½â£ºÉèÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪx
2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü
54 80
£¨20-6£©g 80xg
54 |
80 |
20-6 |
80x |
´ð£ºÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ25.9%
£¨ÈçÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÓÃ20g¡¢40g¡¢60g¼ÆËãʱ£¬ÔòÂÁµÄÖÊÁ¿ÏàӦΪ3.5g¡¢7.0g¡¢10.5gÒ²¿É£©
µãÆÀ£º±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²éÁ˽ðÊôµÄ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖʺͽðÊô»î¶¯ÐÔ˳Ðò¼°ÆäÓ¦Óã¬ÕÆÎÕÓйØÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýµÄ¼òµ¥¼ÆËãºÍ¸ù¾Ý»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄ¼ÆË㣮
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
½ðÊôÊÇÏÖ´úÉú»îºÍ¹¤ÒµÉú²úÖÐÓ¦Óü«ÎªÆÕ±éµÄÒ»Àà²ÄÁÏ£®
£¨1£©ÒÑÖªÔÚÏàͬµÄÌõ¼þÏ£¬½ðÊôµÄ»î¶¯ÐÔԽǿ£¬½ðÊôºÍËá·´Ó¦²úÉúÆøÅÝ£¨ÇâÆø£©µÄËٶȾÍÔ½¿ì£®Al¡¢Cu¡¢FeÈýÖÖ½ðÊôÔÚÏ¡ÑÎËáÀïµÄ·´Ó¦ÏÖÏóÈçÓÒͼËùʾ£®
¢ÙÓÒͼÖÐYËù´ú±íµÄ½ðÊôÊÇ £¨Ìî¡°Cu¡±»ò¡°Fe¡±£©£»
¢ÚAl¡¢Cu¡¢FeÈýÖÖ½ðÊôµÄ»î¶¯ÐÔÓÉÇ¿µ½ÈõµÄ˳ÐòΪ £»
¢ÛÂÁÊÇÒ»ÖÖ»îÆýðÊô£¬µ«³£ÎÂÏÂÂÁÈ´ÓнÏÇ¿µÄ¿¹¸¯Ê´ÐÔ£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇ £»
£¨2£©½ðÊôµÄ¿ª·¢ºÍÀûÓÃÊÇÈËÀàÎÄÃ÷ºÍÉç»á½ø²½µÄ±êÖ¾£®
¢ÙÎÒ¹ú¹Å´ú½«Â¯¸Êʯ£¨ZnCO3£©¡¢³àÍ¿ó£¨Cu2O£©ºÍľ̿·Û»ìºÏ¼ÓÈÈÖÁ800¡æ×óÓÒ£¬¼´¿ÉµÃµ½Óë»Æ½ðÍâ¹ÛÏàËƵġ°Ò©½ð¡±£®
I£®ÓÃÉÏÊö·½·¨²»ÄÜÖƵÃÕæÕýµÄ»Æ½ð£¨Au£©ÊÇÒòΪ £»
II£®¡°Ò©½ð¡±ÊÇ £¨Ìî¡°´¿½ðÊô¡±»ò¡°ºÏ½ð¡±£©£»
¢ÚîÑÒò³£ÎÂϲ»ÓëËá¡¢¼î·´Ó¦µÈÓÅÁ¼µÄÐÔÄÜ£¬±»ÓþΪ¡°Î´À´½ðÊô¡±£®ÓÉ·°îÑ´ÅÌú¿óÌáÈ¡½ðÊôîѵÄÖ÷Òª¹¤ÒÕ¹ý³ÌÈçÏ£º
ÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂÓë×ãÁ¿Mg·´Ó¦Öû»Éú³É½ðÊôTi£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º £®
ÉÏÊöÉú²ú¹ý³ÌÖеõ½µÄ½ðÊôîÑÖлìÓÐÉÙÁ¿½ðÊôÔÓÖÊ£¬¿É¼ÓÈë ³ýÈ¥£®
£¨3£©ÒÑ֪ij½ðÊô·ÛÄ©Öгýº¬ÓÐAlÍ⻹º¬ÓÐÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄFeºÍCu£¬ÎªÖ¤Ã÷FeºÍCuµÄ´æÔÚ²¢²â¶¨ÆäÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬Ä³»¯Ñ§ÐËȤС×éµÄͬѧչ¿ªÁËÈçϵÄʵÑé̽¾¿£®
×ÊÁÏÔÚÏߣºAlÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÈÜÓÚË®µÄÆ«ÂÁËáÄƺÍÇâÆø£¨·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£©£¬FeºÍCu²»ÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£®
¢ÙÇëÍê³ÉÖ¤Ã÷½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖдæÔÚFeºÍCuµÄʵÑéÉè¼Æ£º
¢ÚΪ̽¾¿¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬È¡20 g¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©£¬°Ñ100 gÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜҺƽ¾ù·Ö³É5·ÝÒÀ´Î¼ÓÈ룬³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºó£¬¹ýÂ˳ö¹ÌÌ壬½«ÆäÏ´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔï¡¢³ÆÁ¿£®ÊµÑé¹ý³ÌÖеõ½µÄ²¿·ÖÊý¾ÝÓëͼÏóÈçÏ£º
¢ñ£®·ÖÎöÒÔÉÏÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬ÉϱíÖÐnµÄֵΪ £»
¢ò£®¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ %
¢ó£®ÁÐʽ¼ÆË㣺ËùÓÃÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ¶àÉÙ£¿
£¨1£©ÒÑÖªÔÚÏàͬµÄÌõ¼þÏ£¬½ðÊôµÄ»î¶¯ÐÔԽǿ£¬½ðÊôºÍËá·´Ó¦²úÉúÆøÅÝ£¨ÇâÆø£©µÄËٶȾÍÔ½¿ì£®Al¡¢Cu¡¢FeÈýÖÖ½ðÊôÔÚÏ¡ÑÎËáÀïµÄ·´Ó¦ÏÖÏóÈçÓÒͼËùʾ£®
¢ÙÓÒͼÖÐYËù´ú±íµÄ½ðÊôÊÇ
¢ÚAl¡¢Cu¡¢FeÈýÖÖ½ðÊôµÄ»î¶¯ÐÔÓÉÇ¿µ½ÈõµÄ˳ÐòΪ
¢ÛÂÁÊÇÒ»ÖÖ»îÆýðÊô£¬µ«³£ÎÂÏÂÂÁÈ´ÓнÏÇ¿µÄ¿¹¸¯Ê´ÐÔ£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇ
£¨2£©½ðÊôµÄ¿ª·¢ºÍÀûÓÃÊÇÈËÀàÎÄÃ÷ºÍÉç»á½ø²½µÄ±êÖ¾£®
¢ÙÎÒ¹ú¹Å´ú½«Â¯¸Êʯ£¨ZnCO3£©¡¢³àÍ¿ó£¨Cu2O£©ºÍľ̿·Û»ìºÏ¼ÓÈÈÖÁ800¡æ×óÓÒ£¬¼´¿ÉµÃµ½Óë»Æ½ðÍâ¹ÛÏàËƵġ°Ò©½ð¡±£®
I£®ÓÃÉÏÊö·½·¨²»ÄÜÖƵÃÕæÕýµÄ»Æ½ð£¨Au£©ÊÇÒòΪ
II£®¡°Ò©½ð¡±ÊÇ
¢ÚîÑÒò³£ÎÂϲ»ÓëËá¡¢¼î·´Ó¦µÈÓÅÁ¼µÄÐÔÄÜ£¬±»ÓþΪ¡°Î´À´½ðÊô¡±£®ÓÉ·°îÑ´ÅÌú¿óÌáÈ¡½ðÊôîѵÄÖ÷Òª¹¤ÒÕ¹ý³ÌÈçÏ£º
ÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂÓë×ãÁ¿Mg·´Ó¦Öû»Éú³É½ðÊôTi£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º
ÉÏÊöÉú²ú¹ý³ÌÖеõ½µÄ½ðÊôîÑÖлìÓÐÉÙÁ¿½ðÊôÔÓÖÊ£¬¿É¼ÓÈë
£¨3£©ÒÑ֪ij½ðÊô·ÛÄ©Öгýº¬ÓÐAlÍ⻹º¬ÓÐÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄFeºÍCu£¬ÎªÖ¤Ã÷FeºÍCuµÄ´æÔÚ²¢²â¶¨ÆäÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬Ä³»¯Ñ§ÐËȤС×éµÄͬѧչ¿ªÁËÈçϵÄʵÑé̽¾¿£®
×ÊÁÏÔÚÏߣºAlÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÈÜÓÚË®µÄÆ«ÂÁËáÄƺÍÇâÆø£¨·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£©£¬FeºÍCu²»ÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£®
¢ÙÇëÍê³ÉÖ¤Ã÷½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖдæÔÚFeºÍCuµÄʵÑéÉè¼Æ£º
ʵÑé²Ù×÷ | ʵÑéÏÖÏó | ½áÂÛ |
¢ñÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿µÄ½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄ |
½ö³ýÈ¥ÂÁ | |
¢ò½«ÊԹܾ²Öã¬ÆúÈ¥ÉϲãÇåÒº£¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄÏ¡ÁòËᣮ | Ö¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÌú | |
¢ó½«ÊԹܾ²Öã¬ÆúÈ¥ÉϲãÇåÒº£¬¶à´ÎÏ´µÓÊ£Óà¹ÌÌå | Ê£Óà¹ÌÌå³Ê×ϺìÉ« | Ö¤Ã÷º¬ÓÐÍ |
¼ÓNaOHÈÜÒºµÄ´ÎÊý | µÚÒ»´Î | µÚ¶þ´Î | µÚÈý´Î | ¡ |
Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿/g | 16.5 | n | 9.5 | ¡ |
¢ò£®¸Ã½ðÊô·ÛÄ©ÖÐAlµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ
¢ó£®ÁÐʽ¼ÆË㣺ËùÓÃÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ¶àÉÙ£¿