题目内容

(2011?武冈市模拟)
用简便方法计算下列特各题:
5
12
+
1
19
)×12+
7
19
362+548×361
362×548-186
64×
3
65
1
2
+
1
6
+
1
12
+
1
20
+…+
1
132
分析:(1)先用乘法分配律计算出(
5
12
+
1
19
)×12=
5
12
×12+
1
19
×12=5+
12
19
,再用加法结合律先算
12
19
+
7
19
解答,
(2)根据乘法分配律,分母362×548-186=(361+1)×548-186化简后解答,
(3)化64=65-1,原式化为(65-1)×
3
65
,用乘法分配律解答,
(4)因为
1
2
=1-
1
2
1
6
=
1
2
-
1
3
1
12
=
1
3
-
1
4
1
20
=
1
4
-
1
5
依次可得
1
110
=
1
10
-
1
11
1
132
=
1
11
-
1
12

也就是
1
2
+
1
6
+
1
12
+
1
20
+…+
1
132
=1-
1
2
+
1
2
-
1
3
+
1
3
-
1
4
+
1
4
-
1
5
+…+
1
10
-
1
11
+
1
11
-
1
12
=1-
1
12
=
11
12
解答:解:(1)(
5
12
+
1
19
)×12+
7
19

=
5
12
×12+
1
19
×12+
7
19

=5+(
12
19
+
7
19
),
=5+1,
=6;

(2)
362+548×361
362×548-186

=
362+548×361
(361+1)×548-186

=
362+548×361
361×548+548-186

=
362+548×361
361×548+362

=1;

(3)64×
3
65

=(65-1)×
3
65

=65×
3
65
-1×
3
65

=3-
3
65

=2
62
65


(4)
1
2
+
1
6
+
1
12
+
1
20
+…+
1
132

=(1-
1
2
)+(
1
2
-
1
3
)+(
1
3
-
1
4
)+(
1
4
-
1
5
)+…+(
1
10
-
1
11
)+(
1
11
-
1
12
),
=1-
1
12

=
11
12
点评:本题主要考查学生用简便方法计算的能力.
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