Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.         

During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're “hot”. That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak(高峰). For some people the peak comes before noon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues ( 自言自语 ) as: “Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and- energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.

You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract ( 对抗 ) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam ( 鼓起干劲 ) and work better at your low point.

Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.

1.If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably________.

A. he is a lazy person              

B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle

C. he is not sure when his energy is low     

D.he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening

2.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?

A.Unawareness of energy cycles.      B.Familiar monologues.

C.A change in a family member's energy cycle.

D.Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.

3.. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should________.

A.change his energy cycle                B.overcome his laziness

C.get up earlier than usual                D. go to bed earlier

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.

B.Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.

C.Habits help a person adapt to his own energy cycle.

D.Children have energy cycles, too.

古代雅典的民主制度突出的特点就是人民主权和轮番而治，为世界留下了宝贵的财富。下列关于雅典民主政治的说法不正确的

A．是近代民主制度的源头

B．促进了雅典哲学和教育的发展  

    C．调动了雅典居民的积极性，但也导致了极端个人主义的泛滥 

    D．体现了人文主义精神，促进了雅典社会的繁荣

古代雅典的民主制度突出的特点就是人民主权和轮番而治，为世界留下了宝贵的财富。下列关于雅典民主政治的说法不正确的

A．是近代民主制度的源头

B．促进了雅典哲学和教育的发展  

    C．调动了雅典居民的积极性，但也导致了极端个人主义的泛滥 

    D．体现了人文主义精神，促进了雅典社会的繁荣

When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?

Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.

Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.

    The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation(积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they’re recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.

The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.

1. The underlined phrase “shooting oneself in the foot” means _____ in this passage.

A. throw or walk in a specific direction or towards a specific objective

B. to injure or harm one's own interests 

C. to move or pass suddenly or swiftly 

D. to grow forth(向前) from the ground

2. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when___.

A. he is forced to do things        B. he cannot work at his best

C. he feels his brain shut down     D. he thinks of his work as too heavy

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. People tend to associate leadership with fear.

B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health.

C. Good relationship is the key to business success.

D. Smart people are more functional in the work place.

4. To positively influence employees, a leader should first of all ____.

A. provide better suggestions        B. develop his own personality

C. give his employees a pay raise     D. hide his own emotion of fear

5. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to_____.

A. provide a variety of project for employees

B. help raise employees’ living standards

C. give employees’ specific instructions（指导）     

D. deal wisely with employees’ emotions

为了调动同学们学习英语的积极性，提高学习效率，近期你们班打算进行一次班会，讨论本班英语学习的情况以及如何学好英语。请你根据下面内容写一篇英语发言稿：
一、英语学习的重要性；
二、现状：部分学生学英语困难很大, 有的学生失去信心，甚至放弃；
三、建议：
(1)早、晚朗读英语单词、课文；
(2)背诵有用句型、名篇；
(3)课后多阅读英语书报和杂志。
Dear friends, 
I would like to share my opinions on English learning with you here.
…
I hope you will find my advice useful. That’s all. Thank you!