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Wing-wah Yam says she could not have done it without the backing of her family.
The road to scientific discovery is tougher for women than for men and Professor Vivian Wing-wah
Yam says she couldn't have succeeded without such a supportive family. The 47-year-old from Hong
Kong University was one of five women scientists, from each continent, to receive the 2011
L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Awards at a ceremony on March 3, at UNESCO
Headquarters in Paris. It is the 13th edition of the award since 1998.
Yam's long and fruitful research on solving the energy problem won her the prize for Asia and the
Pacific. There are several renewable and sustainable(可持续的) energy solutions, like solar power,
which could provide an unlimited source of energy. Some problems must be resolved, however, such as
the low efficiency of solar cells and their high supply costs. Yam and her colleagues hope to overcome
these problems by developing and testing new photoactive(光敏的) materials.
She became the third Chinese women scientist honored with the so-called "woman's Nobel Prize"
award, after Professor Li Fanghua from the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2003, and Professor Ye
Ruyu from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2004.
"People think chemists are bad guys, but we are the good guys," Yam said in a humorous aside
before explaining her research project on photoactive materials in an earlier speech at L'Institut de
France. For Yam, chemistry is science, but also an art. Amazed by the universe, nature and color in her
childhood, Yam decided on a career in chemistry. "One of the beauties of chemistry is the ability to
create new molecules and chemical species. I have always associated chemists with artists, creating new
things with innovative(革新的) ideas," Yam said.
As a mother of two daughters, 12 and 14, Yam said she is lucky to have been supported by her
family. She was inspired as a child by her father, a professor in the Civil Engineering Faculty at Hong
Kong University. Yam added her husband, Mak Shingtat, a PhD in chemistry, who accompanied Yam
to the awards ceremony, was also fully supportive of her work. "I can't imagine how my career could
move on without his understanding and support," she said. "I often stay late at night in the laboratory. He
always waits for me outside."
Yam received her bachelor and PhD degrees from the University of Hong Kong (HKU). She taught
at City Polytechnic of Hong Kong before joining HKU as a faculty member, and headed the chemistry
department for two terms from 2000 to 2005. At 38, she was the youngest member elected to the
Chinese Academy of Sciences. She is also a Fellow of TWAS, the Academy of Sciences for the
Developing World, and was awarded the State Natural Science Award and the Royal Society of
Chemistry (RSC) Centenary Medal. 2011 is the 100th anniversary of Marie Curie's second Nobel Prize,
coinciding (一致的)with the International Year of Chemistry. Today, Curie is still a role model for women
in science.
Although the participation of women in science, is promoted by UNESCO, notably through
L'Oreal-UNESCO, there are still too few women doing high-level science, says UNESCO
Director-General Irina Bokova. The latest UNESCO report shows less than 40 percent of countries
provide girls and boys equal access to education.
Each year, the L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Award recognizes 15 young women
from all over the world, especially developing countries, to encourage and finance their studies. More
than 200 young women scientists are currently supported. "I do not think there is a difference between
men and women in terms of their intellectual abilities and research capabilities (能力)," Yam said. "As
long as one has the passion, dedication and determination to pursue research wholeheartedly, one can
excel regardless of one's gender or background."
Yam said some young women, who require stability and security, often have to give up their research
because of family pressures. "The only way for women to succeed in science is to get the mental and
material support from family and society. There is a day-care center at my university, and my husband
and mother-in-law help a lot with the housework, so I am able to spend my time on research," she said.
"I have two young daughters, and it is too early to tell whether or not they want to pursue careers in
science. But, I will encourage them to always defend their ideas. To remain determined, and to never be
afraid of failure - this is the advice that they will need to succeed in realizing their dreams."
Yam also acknowledged her colleague's support, at the awards ceremony. "This (award) not only
recognizes me, but my colleagues and students and my country, China."
B. equal to Women's Nobel Prize
C. held for more than 14 times
D. only to in honour of Marie Curie
B. She was amazed by the universe, nature and color in her childhood.
C. She wanted to find the beauties of chemistry.
D. She was encouraged by her supportive family.
B. Their passion, dedication and determination are the same.
C. Women require stability and security.
D. Women can't get the mental and material support from family and society.
B. doing research and test on new photoactive materials
C. inventing an unlimited resource
D. finding solutions on renewable and sustainable energy
B. be willing to accept sb/sth as valid or approve
C. show appreciation by giving an honor or award
D. know sb/sth again
B. Tthe co-work from her students.
C. The help from her colleagues
D. The support from her family
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| Life happens whether we are ready for it or not, and in May 2005, my mom passed away after an extended illness. I'm not sure we are ever really 1 to lose a parent, especially Mom. I had more things I needed to 2 with her about, and I know I wasn't ready to let her 3 . Less than one month later, my 4 fell from a ladder, suffered a head injury, and died a week later. My husband was not only my life partner but my business 5 , and there I was left to 6 our business and my life alone. After 7 the initial shock of losing the two people who had the greatest 8 on my life, I started to pick up the pieces with the 9 and strength provided by family, friends, and business associates. I quickly 10 that asking for help was the only way I would 11 the sadness and keep my business and my home intact (完好无损的). I'd often 12 myself looking around in a daze, feeling overwhelmed (难以抵 抗的) because my challenges seemed so 13 . Learning to 14 for the help I needed was a huge accomplishment. I discovered that people 15 wanted to help, but they didn't know how. My 16 opened the door for them to give the support they wanted to share. Three years have passed since that time. I sold my 17 and my house and chose to relocate back to the state of my birth, where my family lived. I 18 to ask for help from my 19 of family, friends, and colleagues because I am driven to a life of simplicity and joy, and I know I won't get there alone. And that's just 20 . | ||||
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| 完形填空。 | |||
| Life happens whether we are ready for it or not, and in May 2005, my mom passed away after an extended illness. I'm not sure we are ever really 1 to lose a parent, especially Mom. There were more things I needed to 2 with her about, and I know I wasn't ready to let her 3 . Less than one month later, my 4 fell from a ladder, suffered a head injury, and died a week later. My husband was not only my life partner but my business 5 , and there I was left to 6 our business and my life alone. After 7 the initial ( 最初的 )shock of losing the two people who had the greatest 8 on my life, I started to pick up the pieces with the 9 and strength provided by family, friends, and business associates. I quickly 10 that asking for help was the only way I would 11 the sadness and keep my business and my home intact (完好无损的). I'd often 12 myself looking around in a confused state , feeling overwhelmed (难以抵抗的) because my challenges seemed so 13 . Learning to 14 for the help I needed was a huge achievement. I discovered that people 15 wanted to help, but they didn't know how. My 16 opened the door for them to give the support they wanted to share. Three years have passed since that time. I sold my 17 and my house and chose to return to the state of my birth, where my family once lived. I 18 to ask for help from my 19 of family, friends, and colleagues because I am driven to a life of simplicity and joy, and I know I won't get there alone. And that's just 20 . | |||
| ( )1. A. afraid ( )2. A. quarrel ( )3. A. go ( )4. A. child ( )5. A. partner ( )6. A. start ( )7. A. passing by ( )8. A. effort ( )9. A. help ( )10. A. admitted ( )11. A. catch ( )12. A. control ( )13. A. easy ( )14. A. hope ( )15. A. really ( )16. A. order ( )17. A. garden ( )18. A. pretend ( )19. A. circle ( )20. A. important |
B. prepared B. talk B. cry B. father B. colleague B. sell B. coming across B. effect B. energy B. remembered B. survive B. forgive B. small B. answer B. hardly B. request B. farm B. stop B. record B. possible |
C. content C. joke C. pass C. sister C .leader C. run C. running over C. pressure C. speech C. learned C. suffer C. think C. great C. pay C. secretly C. excuse C. business C. continue C. choice C. necessary |
D. thought D. do D.stop D. husband D. friend D. make D. getting through D. impression D. care D. expected D. accept D. find D. exciting D. ask D. proudly D. attempt D. wealth D. decide D. sense D. fine |
The British aren’t having as many children as they used to , One reason is that people are having children much older than before, meaning they have fewer year in which they can have them, After years at university ,they need a few years of work experience before they can get the job they want, They might then get married, but it’s incredibly expensive to buy a house in the UK.
The above explains why young British people now don’t move out of their parents’ home until they are around 30 years old on average, It’s only after this age that many young people start thinking about having a child , However , it is quite expensive to bring up a child in the UK, Both parents need to work just to pay for their child during the day, Paying for this childcare is always expensive, What’s more ,financial crisis and unemployment are making things even harder for families, With so much pressure on families, is it any surprise that the divorce rate is so high?
So what is Britain doing to try and save the British family ? The government is trying to make it cheaper to have children , For example ,there are increasing government subsidies for nursery schools, so that parents do not need to bay so much for child care.
The government is also trying to reduce the number of hours British parents have to work to earn enough money to pay their bills, If parents didn’t have to work so many hours, they’d have moue time to spend with their children and wouldn’t need to spend so much on childcare, On average, a Briton works 49 hours a week ,which is the most in Europe, The state is now considering introducing laws to encourage companies to improve their employees’ work –life balance, Let’s hope they’re not too late to save the British family , Otherwise, the British will always be too tired ,and won’t have enough time and money, to have children.
61、Young British people live in their parents’ home until around 30 because
A、They are allowed to get married at 30
B、they can’t allowed to get married at 30
C、they can’t afford a house of their own until then
D、they enjoy family life with their parents
62、The British are now having fewer children than before for all the following reasons EXCEPT that
A、they have fewer years to have children
B、they live much shorter lives than before
C、it is more expensive to bring up a child
D、people are losing their jobs because of the recent financial crisis
63、The underlined word “subsidies” in Paragraph 5 means
A、food paid by the government
B、school buildings for poor students
C、free transportation
D、money from the government to benefit the public
64、It can be inferred from the text that
A、with long work hours, it is hard for British parents to balance life and work
B、more and more families in Britain are breaking up because they are having fewer children
C、among Europeans, British people work hardest and earn the least
D、childcare takes up too much energy and time for the British
65、To make it cheaper to have children , the British government is
A、bringing down prices
B、raising the salaries of parents
C、reducing family income tax
D、increasing subsidies for families and nursery schools
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