短文改错
文章共有10处错误。每句最多两处。多者从第11处起不计分。
1. 增加：缺词处加∧，并在下面写出该词。
2. 删除：多余的词用╲划掉。
3. 修改：错词下面划一横线，并在下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Li Ming is a student who have been living in Shanghai since he was born．But his grandfather lives in Taiwan, because he went to Taiwan after Shanghai was liberated．He is a merchant．For about half a century, Li Ming’s family have no idea where she lives．They miss him very much．Fortunate, a letter from his grandfather reached them this October, which said that his grandfather would be back Shanghai on December 24th．Li Ming’s parents were such excited about the news that they didn’t sleep well for several nights．So did Li Ming．The day finally came．In December 24th, the family of Li Ming are on their way to the airport．When they met at the last, they gave his grandfather a big hug, tears in their eyes．They got together．

Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the children. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.

Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation(模仿) leads on to deliberate(有意的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.

It is a problem we need to get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation; and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world. Thus the use, at seven months, of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaning-less sound simply because he also uses it at another time for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself. I doubt, however, whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.

1. Before children start speaking _______.

A. they need equal amount of listening

B. they need different amounts of listening

C. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obey spoken instructions

D. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions

2. Children who start speaking late _______.

A. may have problems with their listening

B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them

C. usually pay close attention to what they hear

D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly

3. A baby’s first noises are _______.

A. an expression of his moods and feelings

B. an early form of language

C. a sign that he means to tell you something

D. an imitation of the speech of adults

4. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’ imitations can be considered as speech _______.

A. is important because words have different meanings for different people

B. is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually

C. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age

D. is one that should be completely ignored(忽略) because children’s use of words is of-ten meaningless

5. The speaker implies _______.

A. parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds

B. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak

C. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly

短文改错

文章共有10处错误。每句最多两处。多者从第11处起不计分。

1. 增加：缺词处加∧，并在下面写出该词。

2. 删除：多余的词用╲划掉。

3. 修改：错词下面划一横线，并在下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Li Ming is a student who have been living in Shanghai since he was born．But his grandfather lives in Taiwan, because he went to Taiwan after Shanghai was liberated．He is a merchant．For about half a century, Li Ming’s family have no idea where she lives．They miss him very much．Fortunate, a letter from his grandfather reached them this October, which said that his grandfather would be back Shanghai on December 24th．Li Ming’s parents were such excited about the news that they didn’t sleep well for several nights．So did Li Ming．The day finally came．In December 24th, the family of Li Ming are on their way to the airport．When they met at the last, they gave his grandfather a big hug, tears in their eyes．They got together．

Have you ever noticed someone "talking" to them-selves? What did you think? The word "crazy" probably came to your mind. Wait a minute, though. Maybe they’re doing something meaningful.

Speaking practice can be effective in many different forms when people learn English or another foreign language. Imitating the speech of others is proven to be highly effective in developing a native speaker’s level of fluency in a language. Actually you’ve already proven that to your-self.

How? That’s how you learned your first language! Whether it was English, Spanish, French or some other language, you "imitated" your mother, father, other family members, friends, teachers and whoever else was around making "talking" noises at you as you formed your first communicative language skills.

So don’t think those who are talking to themselves are "crazy". At least don’t do so until you’ve tried it for your-self, in English or in your new foreign language.

As you go through your day, in English or your new foreign language, tell yourself what you’re doing at the moment and what you’re going to do during the day.

"Which of these shirts, ties, etc. should I wear today? Not this one, I wore it just last week. Maybe this one, but I don’t like this color with the pants. Let’s try another one," you might say as you are getting dressed.

If you live alone, you can talk aloud whenever you want without disturbing others. If you don’t live alone, however, then first explain to your family or roommates what you’ll be doing, to avoid a quiet phone call to the local psychiatrist (精神病学家).

1.The author wrote the passage mainly to _______.

A．tell us how to talk to ourselves

B．introduce a method of learning a foreign language

C．tell us why some people talk to themselves

D．explain to us how we learned our native language

2.What does the underlined word "it" in the fifth paragraph refer to?

A．The word "crazy".                       B．A foreign language.

C．The skill of communicating.                D．The method of talking to oneself.

3.From the passage we can know that ______.

A．people who talk to themselves are crazy

B．if you live alone, you should talk to yourself

C．you should tell yourself what you’re doing

D．we learned our native language by imitating