On the first day of class, a graduate student from Xi’an Jiaotong University reminded me that, especially in China, “There are always two sides of a coin.” Experiencing China’s May 12 earthquake while living in Xi’an, Shanxi Province just north of the earthquake’s epicenter (地震的震中) in Sichuan with our two daughters, we have indeed seen both sides of what is beginning to be called China’s 5·12 disaster coin.
On television, in newspapers and through the Internet, we learned about the extent (巨大，重要性) of the destruction, and the statistics were horrific – over 69,000 confirmed (确认) dead, some 18,000 missing and more than 374,000 injured.
When we turn off the television and discuss what we as a family have learned from the events of the last several weeks, we find ourselves marveling (觉得惊奇) at how the Chinese are confidently but quietly dealing with this unprecedented tragedy – a disaster that continues with every aftershocks, mudslide and potential flood.
It seems like every school, organization and business is raising money for Sichuan, and young people all over the country are out in the streets looking for donations or giving blood at the many mobile blood vans that are out in full force.
Those who cannot give, like the 75-year-old woman from Sichuan, are volunteering or giving in other ways. An impressive example is the Sichuan policewoman with a newborn child who was nursing many infants whose mothers were killed in the quake.
The national concern over the fate of affected children has been moving. On May 22, there were 1697 orphans, but on June 24, the number dropped to 558; and rest assured, there are more people willing to adopt than there are orphans from Sichuan.
So, while no country or person ever welcomes tragedy, especially something of this magnitude (程度), the earthquake has taught us a great deal about China’s true character and its people’s resilience (韧性). It has also reminded us that the other side of even a dark coin may hold the promise of a brighter future,
(The author is an American Professor of International Relations at Xi’an Jiaotong University.)
【小题1】
When the 5·12 earthquake happened, the author and his family were ________.
  

On the first day of class, a graduate student from Xi’an Jiaotong University reminded me that, especially in China, “There are always two sides of a coin.” Experiencing China’s May 12 earthquake while living in Xi’an, Shanxi Province just north of the earthquake’s epicenter (地震的震中) in Sichuan with our two daughters, we have indeed seen both sides of what is beginning to be called China’s 5·12 disaster coin.

         On television, in newspapers and through the Internet, we learned about the extent (巨大，重要性) of the destruction, and the statistics were horrific – over 69,000 confirmed (确认) dead, some 18,000 missing and more than 374,000 injured.

When we turn off the television and discuss what we as a family have learned from the events of the last several weeks, we find ourselves marveling (觉得惊奇) at how the Chinese are confidently but quietly dealing with this unprecedented tragedy – a disaster that continues with every aftershocks, mudslide and potential flood.

It seems like every school, organization and business is raising money for Sichuan, and young people all over the country are out in the streets looking for donations or giving blood at the many mobile blood vans that are out in full force.

Those who cannot give, like the 75-year-old woman from Sichuan, are volunteering or giving in other ways. An impressive example is the Sichuan policewoman with a newborn child who was nursing many infants whose mothers were killed in the quake.

The national concern over the fate of affected children has been moving. On May 22, there were 1697 orphans, but on June 24, the number dropped to 558; and rest assured, there are more people willing to adopt than there are orphans from Sichuan.

So, while no country or person ever welcomes tragedy, especially something of this magnitude (程度), the earthquake has taught us a great deal about China’s true character and its people’s resilience (韧性). It has also reminded us that the other side of even a dark coin may hold the promise of a brighter future,

(The author is an American Professor of International Relations at Xi’an Jiaotong University.)

1.

 When the 5·12 earthquake happened, the author and his family were ________.

   A. in Sichuan province              B. near the earthquake epicenter

   C. in Xi’an Jiaotong University       D. in their own country

2.

How many orphans had been adopted from Sichuan by June 24, 2008?

   A. 1139        B. 1697         C. 558           D. We don’t know.

3.

The author quoted “ There are always two sides of a coin.” In the passage. Here “ two sides” refers to ________.

   A. a dark side and a bright one of a coin

   B. the unprecedented tragedy and China’s true character

   C. the dead and the victims in the earthquake

   D. the destruction and the donations

4.

 Which of the following statements is NOT right according to the passage?

   A. The whole world has seen all about China’s 5·12 disaster in the news media.

   B. A policewoman fed her breast milk to many babies who lost their mothers.

   C. Even a 75-year-old woman gave blood at the mobile blood vans.

   D. The earthquake brought other natural disasters at the same time.

Children who were breast-fed(母乳喂养) are better at dealing with stress than their bottle-fed classmates, a Swedish research shows．

A study of thousands of British youngsters showed that those who were given powder milk could feel it more difficult to deal with stressful events----such as the divorce( 离婚)of their parents．

   It is thought that the close contact helps mother and child bond and encourages a feeling of security that enables the child to deal better with traumatic situations in later life．

   Research found a mother’s milk may help reduce stress and the process may feed the growth of the parts of the brain crucial(关键的) in handling stress and anxiety．

   The Swedish findings follow a number of other studies which have shown that breast milk protects against infection, heart disease, diabetes and obesity．Breast-feeding may also reduce the mother’s risk of having breast cancer．

   The support of breast-feeding is so strong that the Department of Health recommends that mothers should feed their babies on breast milk alone for the first six months to ensure they get the best start in life．

   However, many women find breast-feeding difficult and claim they are too busy to do so or are not aware of the knowledge．In the latest study, researchers from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm tracked the health of almost 9,000 boys and girls born in the UK in 1970．

   When the children reached ten, researchers gauged(测量)their ability to cope with stress by looking at how they were affected by family problems．

The results showed that those who were bottle-fed were more than four times as stressed by such events than those who were breast-fed．

73．Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “traumatic”．

74．What does the Department of Health recommend mothers to do?(回答词数不超过10个)

75．According to the research, what do you know about the breast-fed children? (回答词数不超过 6个)

Children who were breast-fed are better at coping with stress than their bottle-fed classmates, research shows．

A study of thousands of British youngsters revealed that those who were given formula milk could be more than four times harder to deal with stressful events -such as the divorce of their parents．

It is thought that the close contact helps mother and child bond and encourages a feeling of security that enables the child to deal better with traumatic situations in later life．

Hormones found in a mother's milk may help reduce stress and the process may feed the growth of the parts of the brain crucial（关键的）in handling stress and anxiety．

The Swedish findings follow a number of other studies which have shown that breast milk protects against infection, heart disease, diabetes and obesity．Breast-feeding may also reduce the mother's risk of having breast cancer．

The support of breast-feeding is so strong that the Department of Health recommends that mothers should feed their babies on breast milk alone for the first six months to ensure they get best start in life．

However, many women find breast-feeding difficult and claim they are made to feel guilty if they choose formula milk from a bottle．

In the latest study, researchers from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm tracked the health of almost 9,000 boys and girls born in the UK in 1970．

When the children reached ten, researchers gauged（测量）their ability to cope with stress by looking at how they were affected by family problems．

The results showed that those who were bottle-fed were more than four times as stressed by such events than those who were breast-fed．

1．What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Which is better, formula milk or breast milk?

B．Breast-fed children cope better with stress

C．Breast-feeding is good to both mothers and babies

D．Mothers are advised to breast-feed their babies

2．Which of the following helps the growth of the parts of the brain crucial in handling stress and anxiety?

A．Hormones in a mother's milk                B．Hormones in bottle milk

C．Hormones found in formula milk                  D．Hormones in the baby's own body

3．According to the studies, breast milk protects babies against all of the following EXCEPT _______．

A．heart disease        B．diabetes               C．infection           D．breast cancer

4．After reading the passage, a mother who cannot breast-feed her baby will feel _______．

A．relieved            B．guilty                  C．pure．led            D．disappointed

5．The underlined word "traumatic" in the third paragraph can be best replaced by _______．

A．dangerous          B．unpleasant        C．stressful           D．confusing

I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. As a doctor, mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it, from the baby's point of view.

Mothers, doctors and nurse alike have no idea of where a baby's blood sugar level lies. All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible. The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.

It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four-hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied. The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night. I've never heard anything so ridiculous. Baby feeding shouldn't follow a timetable set by the mum. What is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.

Well, at last we have copper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding . The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5, 7 , 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. By the age of 8, their IQ（智商）scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable. This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample（样本）of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s,taking account of parental education, family income, a child's sex and age, the mother's health and feeling style. These results don't surprise me. Feeling according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.

I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeling practices.

1.What does the author think about Dr King?

A．He is strict

B．He is unkind

C．He has the wrong idea.

D．He sets a timetable for mothers

2.The word copper-bottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________

A．basic             B．reliable           C．surprising         D．interesting

3.What does the research tell us about feeling a baby on demand?

A．The baby will sleep well.

B．The baby will have its brain harmed.

C．The baby will have a low blood sugar level.

D．The baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.

4.The author supports feeling the baby_______.

A．in the night

B．every four hours

C．whenever it wants food

D．according to its blood sugar level