Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature．He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously．He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilization．He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favours the multiplication of others．In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million．

        Many of these changes which he has brought about have had unforeseen consequences．Who would have thought that the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade, or that the provision of pot cacti for lonely settlers’ wives would have led to Eastern Australian being overrun with forests of Prickly Pear? Who would have prophesied that the cutting down of forests on the Adriatic coasts, or in parts of Central Africa, could have reduced the land to a semidesert, with the very soil washed away from the bare rock? Who would have thought that improved communications would have changed history by the spreading of disease-sleeping sickness into East Africa, measles into Oceania, very possibly malaria into ancient Greece?

        These are spectacular examples; but examples on a smaller scale are everywhere to be found．We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds, prescribing absolute security for all species; and we may find that some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies beyond measure and ousts the rare kinds in which we were particularly interested．We see, owing to some little change brought about by civilization, the starling spread over the English country-side in hordes．We improve the yielding capacities of our cattle; and find that now they exhaust the pastures which sufficed for less exigent stock．

The following examples except ________ reflect man altering the balance of nature．

       A．man is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants

       B．man is facilitating the spread of animals into new regions．

       C．man is killing some species on a large scale

       D．man is getting to know the importance of keeping the balance of nature．

What had a piece of Canadian waterweed cause?

       A．Eastern Australian was overrun with forests．

       B．Half the waterways of Britain blocked for a decade．

       C．In parts of central Africa, the land reduced to a semidesert．

       D．Disease-sleeping has been caused．

What have spread diseases?

       A．Disease-sleeping sickness．       B．Measles．

       C．Improved communications．            D．Malaria．

We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds but __________

       A．some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies   

       B．rare kinds multiply

C．all bird multiply                             

D．no bird multiply

The main idea of the passage is _________．

       A．that man is deliberately destroying the balance of nature

B．that man has foreseen the consequences of altering the balance old nature

       C．that improved communications have changed history

D．that man is altering the balance of nature

第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my son was 11 years old, he got a small job helping out with a traveling carnival in our town. He didn't come home at lunch time, phoning  36  to tell me he was fine and had found a few days' work  37  out at an exhibit. However, after he finished work he  38  for supper as usual.
I asked him how he had  39  at lunch and he told me he had made some new  40  at the carnival, some young men who were twin brothers, and their mom and dad. They had  41  him a few dollars and invited him for lunch  42  for helping them set up their exhibit and wanted him to  43   the next day to help with other chores (杂务).
I was glad he had found new friends but a little  44  about the type of people who might be traveling in a carnival. "Oh, Mum, these are just  45  everyday people like anyone else. They  46   work at a carnival instead of in a store or something". "Come down tomorrow and  47  them yourself," he said.
So the next day I went to the carnival and to the exhibit he had  48  me to. The twin brothers   _49  out to be Siamese (连体的) twins, joined at the chest. He hadn't thought this  50  was noteworthy enough to mention. When I brought it to him, he said, "yes, I  51  that too. Do you know that their mum has to make all their clothes  52  it's so difficult to find anything to fit them? They're also really good  53  . Today, Joe, one on the fight, made me spaghetti (意大利面条) for lunch. "
What others see first in a person is not what a child considers  54  . Where I saw Siamese twins, he saw people having difficulty buying clothes that fit, and young men who were good cooks. It was a   _55  I have thought about many times over the years.
36. A. instead                B. even              C. also              D. besides
37. A. helping             B. helping                    C. taking             D. showing
38. A. did up                       B. gave up                    C. took up                    D. turned up
39. A. sought                       B. managed                  C. worked                    D. acted
40. A. clothes                       B. friends                            C. choices                     D. differences
41. A. paid                          B. charged                    C. lent                          D. owed
42. A. by chance                  B. in return                   C. by turns                   D. in advance
43. A. return                        B. promise                    C. consider                   D. decide
44. A. excited                      B. regretful                   C. worried                    D. optimistic
45. A. humorous                  B. obvious                    C. particular                 D. normal
46. A. just                           B. never                       C. hardly                      D. always
47. A. teach                         B. meet                        C. affect                       D. join
48. A. ordered                      B. directed                    C. forced                      D. persuaded
49. A. worked                      B. left                          C. came                        D. turned
50. A. expression                  B. change                            C. fact                          D. idea
51. A understood                  B. made                       C. noticed                     D. formed
52. A. before                       B. if                             C. after                        D. because
53. A. cooks                        B. doctors                     C. artists                       D. singers
54. A. necessary                   B. important                 C. impossible                D. unlucky
55. A. lesson                        B. festival                     C. task                         D. match

．---I give up. It’s too hard.

---Really? I__________you could make it through.

--You look so pale.What trouble you? ----I ___ my dead mother.

A. though about   B. was thinking about   C. have thought about   D. am thinking about

Peter and his seven-year-old sister ,Kate , were at the same school. Not long after his tenth birthday Peter was entrusted to take her to school.
It was only two stops down the road , but the way his parents kept going on about it , you might have thought Peter was taking Kate to the North Pole . He was given instructions the night before. When he woke up , he had to listen to them over and over again. He was to keep hold of Kate’s hand at all times , sit close to the front nearest the window , and tell the bus driver the name of his stop.
Peter repeated all this back to his mother and set out for the bus stop with his sister. They held hands all the way. Actually he didn’t mind this but simply hoped that none of his friends would see him holding a girl’s hand. The bus came. They got on and sat close to the front. It was ridiculous sitting there holding hands and there were some boys from school there, so they let go of each other.
Peter was feeling proud of himself. He could take care of his sister anywhere. If they were alone tighter on a mountain pass and came face to face with a pack of hungry wolves, he could know exactly what to do. Taking care and not to make sudden movement, he would move away with Kate until they had their backs to a large rock. That way the wolves would not be able to surround them.
Then he takes from his pocket two important things—his hunting knife and a box of matches. He takes the knife from its sheath(鞘) and sets it down on the grass, ready in case the wolves attack. They’re coming close now. They’re so hungry and are watering and growling (咆哮). Kate is crying, but he cannot comfort her. He knows he has to concentrate on his plan. Right at their feet are some dry leaves and twigs. Quickly and skillfully, Peter gathers them into a small pile. The wolves are edging closer. He has to get this right. There’s only one match left in the box. He bends down, cups his hand and lights the match. There’s strong rush of wind. The flame flickers, but Peter holds it close to the pile and then first one leaf, then another, then the end of a twig catch fire, and soon the little pile is burning. He piles on more leaves and twigs and larger sticks. The wolves are backing off. Wild animals are terrified of fire. The flames are leaping higher and the wind is carrying the smoke right into their jaws. Now Peter takes holds of the hunting knife and …
Ridiculous! A daydream like this could make him miss his stop if he wasn’t careful. The bus had come to a halt. The kids from his school were already getting off. Peter leaped to his feet and just managed to jump to the pavement as the bus was starting off again. It was more than fifty yards down the road when he realized he had forgotten something. Was it his backpack ? No. It was his sister. He had saved her from the wolves and left her sitting there. For a moment, he couldn’t move. He stood watching the bus pull away up the road. “Come back,” he murmured, “Come back.”
【小题1】Which of the following is true according to the passage?