摘要：56．The phrase “seeing the forest rather than the trees means “ A．being able to do the field work B．specializing in one area C．knowing large areas generally D．being concerned about environmental problems.
There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization．You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching．But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field．There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments．We can call these people“generalists”．And these“generalists”are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it．
The specialist understands on field; his concern is with technique and tools．He is a“trained”man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional．The generalist－and especially the administrator－deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving．He is an“educated”man; and the humanities are his strangest foundation．Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator．And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field．Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions．It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly．
Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you－but this is pure accident．Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job．At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee．
(1)
The phrase“seeing the forest rather than the trees”means“________”
[ ]
A．
being able to do the field work
B．
specializing in one area
C．
knowing large areas generally
D．
being concerned about environmental problems．
(2)
There is an increasing demand for ________．
[ ]
A．
all－round people in their own fields
B．
people whose job is to organize other people’s work
C．
generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional
D．
specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others
(3)
What is a major difference between a specialist and an administrator?
[ ]
A．
A generalist is more professional than a specialist
B．
A specialist is better educated than a generalist
C．
A specialist deals with technique while a generalist works with people．
D．
A specialist needs training while a generalist gives training．
(4)
During your training period, it is important to ________．
[ ]
A．
try to be a generalist
B．
choose a profitable job
C．
find an organization which fits you
D．
decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist
(5)
What is the author’s opinion on the first job?
[ ]
A．
It is most probably the right job for you, so hold it．
B．
It is most probably a training job, so feel free to give it up for another one．
C．
It is not your final job, so change jobs as much as possible．
D．
It is a good test about your ability to keep a job．