Fred Michel is one of 7.2 million Americans who moonlight, or hold more than one job.
　　Once a week, after his day job as medical director of a mental health center, the 40-year-old psychiatrist (精神病大夫) heads to a part-time job at a treatment center for young people. Twice a month, he travels three hours to another teenage treatment center.
　　Last year, 5.4 percent of the American workforce held second jobs, according to the US Labor Department, and that looks set to increase this year.
　　Many workers like the safety that moonlighting provides, says Carl Hausamn, the writer of "Moonlighting: 148 Great Ways to Make Money to the Side."
　　The information from the US Labor Department shows that 40 percent of US moonlighters in 1997 took a second job to meet household expenses or pay off debts. Others save money or buy some special things.
　　People also take second jobs with an eye to the future - wanting to try out a new field or gain experience.
　　Michel started moonlighting when medical systems were unstable (不稳定的). He wanted to make sure he wasn't tied to one system that ended up failing.
　　Just as the purposes for moonlighting vary, the moonlighters cross all age and racial groups. And they work in a variety of industries - no longer just service, office and sale jobs.
　　“Technology just affects your ability to make money,” Hausman says. "That makes a frequent change in moonlighting."
　　As its name means, moonlighting still occurs mostly at night. And that results in some pressures. Chief among them is time.
　　Full-time employers could misunderstand, too. Some companies do not allow after-hour work because they fear it will affect their employees' 9-to-5 performance.
　　"The primary employer is saying, ‘Wait, I'm paying you for the sharp, fresh, energetic you,’” says Tom Gimbel, president and founder of LaSalle Staffing in Chicago. "If you' re burning yourself at both ends, it's going to show."
　　Still, the good done to the moonlighters can be great. Besides extra income, moonlighters enjoy variety, freedom and chance to do something new. They also may find their part-time jobs strengthen what they do full time.
　　Besides, "it's fun," Michel says. Not only do his part-time jobs offer a chance to network, stretch his professional skills and make more money, but they also give him the variety he wouldn't find just in a full-time job.
　　"It' s a way of pulling from the spice cabinet" he says, "and offering a little variety throughout the day."
60. What is the article mainly about?
　　A. The ways of moonlighting.
　　B. The reasons for moonlighting.
　　C. The problems with moonlighting.
　　D. The kinds of people who moonlight.
61. The reason why Fred Michel began to moonlight is that ________.
　　A. he found it exciting to do a part-time job
　　B. he needed to make ends meet with more money
　　C. he feared he would lose his present job one day
　　D. he felt more and more pressure from his employer
62. Some companies don't allow their workers to moonlight because they are afraid ________.
　　A. their workers can not do extra-hour work for them
　　B. their workers will be too tired to try their best at work
　　C. their workers will one day turn to some other different jobs
　　D. their workers will not get to work and be off work on time
63. The underlined sentence "It's a way of pulling from the spice cabinet." in the last paragraph means _________.
　　A. moonlighting gets you away from the job you don' t enjoy
　　B. moonlighting offers you freedom to make extra money
　　C. moonlighting strengthens your professional skills
D. moonlighting brings you chances to do something different

Fred Michel is one of 7.2 million Americans who moonlight, or hold more than one job.

　　Once a week, after his day job as medical director of a mental health center, the 40-year-old psychiatrist (精神病大夫) heads to a part-time job at a treatment center for young people. Twice a month, he travels three hours to another teenage treatment center.

　　Last year, 5.4 percent of the American workforce held second jobs, according to the US Labor Department, and that looks set to increase this year.

　　Many workers like the safety that moonlighting provides, says Carl Hausamn, the writer of "Moonlighting: 148 Great Ways to Make Money to the Side."

　　The information from the US Labor Department shows that 40 percent of US moonlighters in 1997 took a second job to meet household expenses or pay off debts. Others save money or buy some special things.

　　People also take second jobs with an eye to the future - wanting to try out a new field or gain experience.

　　Michel started moonlighting when medical systems were unstable (不稳定的). He wanted to make sure he wasn't tied to one system that ended up failing.

　　Just as the purposes for moonlighting vary, the moonlighters cross all age and racial groups. And they work in a variety of industries - no longer just service, office and sale jobs.

　　“Technology just affects your ability to make money,” Hausman says. "That makes a frequent change in moonlighting."

　　As its name means, moonlighting still occurs mostly at night. And that results in some pressures. Chief among them is time.

　　Full-time employers could misunderstand, too. Some companies do not allow after-hour work because they fear it will affect their employees' 9-to-5 performance.

　　"The primary employer is saying, ‘Wait, I'm paying you for the sharp, fresh, energetic you,’” says Tom Gimbel, president and founder of LaSalle Staffing in Chicago. "If you' re burning yourself at both ends, it's going to show."

　　Still, the good done to the moonlighters can be great. Besides extra income, moonlighters enjoy variety, freedom and chance to do something new. They also may find their part-time jobs strengthen what they do full time.

　　Besides, "it's fun," Michel says. Not only do his part-time jobs offer a chance to network, stretch his professional skills and make more money, but they also give him the variety he wouldn't find just in a full-time job.

　　"It' s a way of pulling from the spice cabinet" he says, "and offering a little variety throughout the day."

60. What is the article mainly about?

　　A. The ways of moonlighting.

　　B. The reasons for moonlighting.

　　C. The problems with moonlighting.

　　D. The kinds of people who moonlight.

61. The reason why Fred Michel began to moonlight is that ________.

　　A. he found it exciting to do a part-time job

　　B. he needed to make ends meet with more money

　　C. he feared he would lose his present job one day

　　D. he felt more and more pressure from his employer

62. Some companies don't allow their workers to moonlight because they are afraid ________.

　　A. their workers can not do extra-hour work for them

　　B. their workers will be too tired to try their best at work

　　C. their workers will one day turn to some other different jobs

　　D. their workers will not get to work and be off work on time

63. The underlined sentence "It's a way of pulling from the spice cabinet." in the last paragraph means _________.

　　A. moonlighting gets you away from the job you don' t enjoy

　　B. moonlighting offers you freedom to make extra money

　　C. moonlighting strengthens your professional skills

D. moonlighting brings you chances to do something different

d into a shop. It was a sign outside: "Second-hand clothes bought and sold . "He was carrying an old pair of trousers and asked the owner of the shop, "How much will you give me for these?" The man looked at them and then said: "Two dollars."
　　"What!" said Tom. "I had guessed they were worth at least five dollars."
　　"No," said the man, "they aren't worth a cent more than two dollars."
　　"Well," said Tom, taking two dollars out of his pocket. "Here's your money. These trousers were hanging outside your shop. The list price of them was six dollars and a half. But I thought that was too much money, so I wanted to find out how much they were really worth."
　　Then he walked out of the shop with the pair of trousers and disappeared before the shop owner could think of anything to say .

56. At first the owner of the shop thought that Tom __________ .
　 A. wanted to steal the trousers　 　 B. wanted to sell the trousers
　 C. wanted to fool him　　　　　　 D. wanted to buy the trousers

57. The owner of the shop_______ 　for the old trousers .
　 A. would give Tom two dollars　 　 B. would pay three dollars
　 C. would pay five dollars　　　　 　 D. would give Tom six dollars and a half

58. The shop owner insisted that the trousers were worth only two dollars because____
A. he wanted to sell them cheaply　　　 B. he wanted to buy them cheaply
C. he didn't like the trousers　　　　　　 D. they were old and dirty

59. In fact, the trousers _________.
　 A. were hanging inside the shop　 　　 B. were stolen by Tom from the shop
　 C. had been the shop owner's　　 　　 D. had been Tom's

60. From the story we know that _________ cheaper than the list price.
　 A. the owner sold the trousers two dollars
　 B. Tom sold the trousers one dollar and a half
　 C. the owner bought the trousers three dollars
　 D. Tom bought the trousers four dollars and a half

　The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the time of a woman’s life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman‘s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement(退休) at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.

　　This important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women‘s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left schools at the first chance, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women usually marry younger, more married women stay at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with the both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.

　1.According to the passage, around the year 1900 most women married ________.

　　A. at about twenty-five B. in their early fifties

　　C as soon as possible after they were fifteen

　　D. at any age from fifteen to forty-five

　2. We are told that in a common family about 1900 _________.

3.When she was over fifty, the late nineteenth-century mother _________.

4.According to the passage, the women of today usually _________.

Fish Ears Tell Fish Tales

　 Fish have ears. Really. They’re quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body. For the past seven years, Simon Thorrold, a university professor, has been examining fish ears, small round ear bones called otoliths (耳石).

　 As fish grow, so do their otoliths. Each day, their otoliths gain a ring of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙). By looking through a microscope and counting these rings, Thorrold can determine the exact age of a young fish. As a fish gets older, its otoliths no longer get daily rings. Instead, they get yearly rings, which can also be counted, giving information about the fish’s age, just like the growth rings of a tree.

　 Ring counting is nothing new to fish scientists. But Thorrold has turned to a new direction. They’re examining the chemical elements (元素) of each otolith ring.

　 The daily ring gives us the time, but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam on any given day. These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in. It also says something about water temperature, which determines how much of these elements will gather within each otolith ring.

　 Thorrold can tell, for example, if a fish spent time in the open ocean before entering the less salty water of coastal areas. He can basically tell where fish are spending their time at any given stage of history.

　 In the case of the Atlantic croaker, a popular saltwater food fish, Thorrold and his assistant have successfully followed the travelling of young fish from mid-ocean to the coast, a journey of many hundreds of miles.

　 This is important to managers in the fish industry, who know nearly nothing about the whereabouts of the young fish for most food fish in the ocean. Eager to learn about his technology, fish scientists are now lending Thorrold their ears.

1.What can we learn about fish ears from the text?

　A. They are small soft rings.

　B. They are not seen from the outside.

　C. They are openings only on food fish.

　D. They are not used to receive sound.

2.Why does the writer compare the fish to trees?

　A. Trees gain a growth ring each day.

　B. Trees also have otoliths.

　C. Their growth rings are very small.

　D. They both have growth rings.

3.Why is it important to study the chemistry of otolith rings?

　A. The elements of the otoliths can tell the history of the sea.

　B. Chemical contents of otoliths can tell how fast fish can swim.

　C. We can know more about fish and their living environment.

　D. Scientists can know exactly how old a fish is.

4.How would you understand “fish scientists are now lending their ears”?

　A. They are very interested in Thorrold’s research findings.

　B. They want to know where they can find fish.

　C. They lend their fish for chemical studies.

　D. They wonder if Thorrold can find growth rings from their ears.