.

COPENHAGEN—The world is gathered in Copenhagen for the U.N. climate summit, but Denmark’s bicycle-friendly capital has also given its name to a movement of cities trying to find a kinder way to commute（往返上下班）.

Nearly 40 percent of Copenhagen’s population cycle to work or school on ubiquitous（无处不在的） paved cycle paths. Many residents take to their bikes year-round, braving rain and snow through the winter in a city where the bicycles outnumber the people.

Amsterdam and Beijing too are known for their bicycles, but the Danish capital is where urban planners from around the world have been looking for ways to get their people out of cars and up onto bikes, an effort known as Copenhagenisation.

Klaus Bondam, Copenhagen’s technical and environmental chief, calls himself a “mega cyclist” and says the bike’s popularity stems partly from high taxes on cars which meant working-class Danes could not afford to drive in the 1930s and 40s. “Today you’ll meet everybody on the bicycle lanes --- women and men, rich and poor, old and young,” Bondam said.

The local government has during the last three years invested more than 250 million crowns ($49.42 million) in bicycle lanes and to make the traffic safer for bicyclists. Today around a third of the population drive cars to work or study, another third take public transport, while 37 percent cycle -- a figure the city aims to boost to 50 percent by 2015.

There are many benefits when citizens choose bicycles over cars: pollution and noise decline, public health improves, and more people on bikes or walking creates a sense of safety in the city. Fewer parked cars leaves more space for playgrounds, parks, shopping areas and other useful public places.

54．According to the first paragraph, Copenhagen is better known as __________.

A．a city without cars               B．a bicycle-friendly city

C．Denmark’s capital                D．the U.N. climate summit

55．We can learn from the second and the third paragraph, _________.

A．there is no path for cars during rainy and snowy days

B．citizens are limited to have only one bike for each person

C．two-thirds of people in Copenhagen cycle to work or school

D．city planners try their best to encourage more citizens to ride bikes

56．Bikes are popular in Copenhagen partly because __________.

A．the citizens are unable to afford to buy a car

B．the rich tend to keep fit by cycling to work

C．young people regard cycling a fashion to follow

D．high taxes were paid for cars in the 1930s and 40s

57．Which of the following is NOT the benefit of cycling?

A．Saving time on the road.             B．Declining pollution and noise.

C．Improving public health.             D．Creating safety in the city.

阅读理解（共20小题; 每小题2分,满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
I felt encouraged by his words and began to swim more calmly.But my clothes stuck to me like a heavy weight.I could hardly stay above the surface.
Counsel saw this.“Shall I cut them?”he asked.
With a knife he cut my clothes from top to bottom and took them of quickly while I swam for both of us.
Then I did the same for Counsel,and we continued to swim near each other.
But we were in serious trouble.The crew（船员）might not have noticed our disappearance.
And if they had,they could not return because the rudder（舵）had broken.Counsel thought of all this,and calmly made his plans.We decided to wait for the ship as long as possible,because we had no other hope of safety.I suggested that we save our strength so that both of us would not be tired out at the same time.This was how we did it:While one of us lay on his back,quite still,with arms crossed and legs stretched out（伸直）,the other would swim and push him along.We changed every ten minutes or so.In this way we could swim for hours,perhaps till daylight.The crash（破裂声）of the ship and the whale（鲸）had appeared at about eleven o’clock.We had about eight hours to swim before daylight.This seemed possible,if the sea remained calm.
【小题1】What happened to the man who told the story?

Every human being has a unique^① arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.

The ridge structure on a person’s fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original^② pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.

Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer’s ink. They can by recorded easily. With special methods, identification^③ can be achieved successfully within a short time. Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.

When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye. Special techniques are used to “develop” them. Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

Notes:

unique  adj. 唯一的，独特的

original  adj. 最初的，原始的

identification  n. 辩认，鉴定

Scientists and experts have proved that the pattern of a human being’s finger skin ________.

A. is similar to his mother’s          

B. is valuable to himself only

C. is like that of others with the same type of blood

D. is different from that of all others

If your fingers are wounded by knife, fire or other means, the structure of skin will ________.

A. be changed partly                  B. be replaced by a different one

C. be the same when the wound is recovered      D. become ugly

Some criminals remove their own finger-prints by ________.

A. using printer’s ink           B. injuring the inner skin

C. damaging the outer skin       D. damaging the colour

Finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case because it ________.

A. is complicated but reliable     B. is simple and not expensive

C. is expensive but easy to do          D. can bring a lot of money

完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

When she was seven, we found out that Jenny had a few problems. Several ___36___ and many speech classes later, we found out that besides hearing, she also had Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis（幼儿类风湿性关节炎）.

She could not put ___37___ on the heels of her feet, so she walked on tiptoe and when the pain became unbearable, I carried her.

All ___38___ grade school, and on into high school, Jenny suffered, yet never complained. She ___39___ a smile on her face, a song on her lips, and a(n) ___40___ and acceptance of others. I don’t remember her ever

___41___ self-pity. She ran when she could run. She played when she could play, and she danced when she could dance. And, when she could do ___42___ of these things, she took her medicine, and she waited until she ___43___.

Jenny never competed in a sport. She could not even take part in a gym class. Jenny continued to have one operation after another on her ___44___. Finally, her hearing improved to 60%, and she taught herself to ___45___ lips.

She was ___46___ popular and funny, attending every football game, and cheering the team on. She carried her pillow everywhere she went, so that she could ___47___ the pain, when she sat down. Then came her senior year. She would be considered for scholarships; however, school activities, especially ___48___, could often mean the ___49___ between receiving an award and losing out.

So Jenny came to a decision. She ___50___ the high school football coach to let her participate. She got her best friend to sign up with her. Finally the coach ___51___, saying, “If you miss one game, you are out!” So, Jenny became a member o the Garrett High School Football Team.

She carried bottles of water to her teammates. She did much preparation work for the team. She worked so actively that it ___52___ to be one of the best year for the Garrett High School Football Team, in its 25-year history.

When asked why he thought the team was winning all their games, even in the ___53___ of injury, one team member explained, “Well, when you’ve been knocked down, and you can’t seem to move, you ___54___ and see Jenny Lewis. It makes anything the rest of us may suffer seem pretty ___55___.”

36. A. trials                  B. examinations                   C. experiments              D. treatments

37. A. control        B. power                             C. strength                    D. pressure

38. A. through              B. across                      C. over                         D. above

39. A. expressed            B. wore                               C. took                         D. made

40. A. love                   B. admiration                C. envy                        D. desire

41. A. speaking             B. talking                            C. sharing                     D. voicing

42. A. nothing        B. all                                  C. none                        D. some

43. A. would                 B. could                              C. should               D. might

44. A. ears                    B. legs                                C. arms                        D. mouth

45. A. see                     B. learn                               C. read                         D. hear

46. A. never                  B. totally                      C. occasionally              D. seldom

47. A. struggle              B. lose                                C. stop                         D. ease

48. A. grades         B. relationships                    C. sports                D. communication

49. A. importance   B. difference                 C. chance                     D. choice

50. A. begged        B. demanded                        C. required                   D. managed

51. A. gave out             B. gave in                            C. held up                    D. held on

52. A. turned over  B. turned out                C. turned up                 D. turned in

53. A. sight                   B. fear                                C. risk                          D. face

54. A. looked down       B. looked in                         C. looked up                 D. looked out

55. A. different             B. worth                              C. difficult                   D. unimportant

完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

Mrs. Jones was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like a woman half her age. She loved driving very fast, and was proud of the fact   36  she had never, in her thirty-five years of driving, been punished   37  a driving offence (犯规，犯法).

Then one day she nearly   38  her record. A police car   39  her, and the policemen in it saw her   40  a red light without stopping. Of course, she was stopped. It seemed   41  that she would be punished.

42  Mrs. Jones came up to the judge, he looked at her seriously and said that she was   43  old to drive a car, and that the   44  why she had not stopped at the red   45  was most probably that her eyes had become weak   46  old age, so that she had simply not seen it.

When the judge had finished what he was  47 , Mrs. Jones opened the big handbag she was   48  and took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she   49  a needle（针） with a very small eye, and threaded it at her first attempt.

When she had   50  done this, she took the thread（n.线） out of the needle again and handed   51  the needle and the thread to the judge, saying, “Now it is your   52  . I suppose you drive a car, and that you are quite sure about your own eyesight.”

The judge took the   53  and tried to thread it. After half a dozen tries, he had still not succeeded. The case (案例) against Mrs. Jones was   54  , and her record   55  unbroken.