Find Which Direction Is South

　　Do you have a good sense of direction?If not, please take with you a compass．But if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way．

　　It’s never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted(委托)with the job of map-reading actually knows where the family is．You can tell by the slightly confused load on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map．Never mind．The shu is shining and it’s still morning．If you don’t know the exact time, you can still find out where south is, but you’ll need to be patient．

　　①Find a straight sick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow．

　　②Try to position the stick as vertically(垂直)as you can．You can check this by making a simple plumb line(铅锤线)with a piece of string and weight．You haven’t got any string?OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight．

　　③Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick．

　　④Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again．

　　⑤Keep doing this until you have made several marks．

　　⑥The mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south．

　　⑦Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick．

　　⑧That point is south of where you are．

　　⑨Now you can turn the map, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

　　14days from just ￡2,090pp

　　Fully inclusive from the UK

　　Price cover international airfares, departure taxes, fuel charge, local transportation all meals, entrance fecs, guides, daily tours and visas for UK citizens．

　　◆Days 1-3 UK-Shanghai

　　Fly to the great city of shanghai and in the evening sample traditional shanghai food．Visit the beautiful YU Garden, Old Town．shanghai Museum, cross the Grest Nanpu Bridge and tour the Pudong area．Also explore Xintiandi with its 1920’s style Smkomen buildings and end your stay in shanghai with an amazing Huangpu river evening tour．

　　◆Days 4-7：Shanghai-Yangtze River Tour

　　Fly to yichang and change(approx：one hour)to board your Yangtze River ship for the next four nights．Enjoy a tour of the three Gorgee Dam(三峡大坝)before sailing on the grand Yangtze River, passing through the impressive Three Gorges．We take a side tripe to the lesser Three Gorges or travel up the shennong Stream in a peapod boat and enjoy various shore trips along the way．

　　◆Day8：Chongqing－chengd

　　Get off in Chongqing and drive to Chengdu for an overnight stay．

　　◆Day9-10; Chengdu-xi’an

　　Visit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals We then fly to the bistoric city of xi’an for two nights stay and enjoy traditional Shuijiao．Next day, explore one of the most important discoveries of the 20^th century－the Terracotta Warriors(兵马俑), followed by the ancient City wall and a performance of Tang Dynasty dancing．

　　◆Day11-13：xi’an-beijing

　　Visit little wild goose pagoda and see the ancient objects at the well-kowm shangxi provincial museum before walking through the lively militia Quarter to see the Great Mosque．Later fly to Beijing for three nights stay and try Peking Duck．During our stay in Beijing, we stroll through Tiananmen Square to the Forbidden city, the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in china, and visit the summer palace．Next day we take a walk on the Great wall, tour the unique Temple of Heaven and enjoy an attractive Chinese Acrzibatio show．

　　◆Day14：Beijing-UK

　　Fly back to the UK, arriving home later the same day filled with happy memories．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

　　Foreign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to ￡900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried our next month．

　　If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will clamped(扣留)until they pay law takes effect, because the money would be returned if the driver went to court and was found not guilty, In practice, very few foreign drives are likely to return to Britain to deal with their eases．

　　Foreign drivers are rarely charged because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court, Instead, officers often merely give warnings．

　　Three million foreign-registered vehicles enter Britain each year．Polish vehicles s make up 36 percent, French vehicles 10 percent and German vehicles 9 percent．

　　Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more vehicles entre Britain each year．Polish vehicles make up 36 percent．French crashes caused by foreign vehicle rose by 47 percent between 2003 and 2008．There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 slight injuries form accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2008．

　　The new Law is party intended to settle the problem of foreign lorry divers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel．foreign lorries are throe times more likely to be in a crash than British Lorries．Recent spot checks found that three quarters of Lorries that failed safety teats were registered overseas．

　　The standard deposit for a careless driving offence－such as driving too close to the vehicle in front or reading a map at the wheel－will be ￡300．Deposits for speeding offences and using mobile phones will be ￡60．Foreign drivers will not get points as punishment added to their licenses, while British drivers will．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

　　Only three local students won Chinese Blog(博客)Competition．And 15 of the 18 awards want to students from China．

　　170 students’ task：to get a fully-designed blog up and running, complete with many posting based on a theme of choice－all written in Chinese．

　　Themes ranged from local opinions－such as the usage of Singlish, education and whether Singapore can be a cultural centre－to food blogs．

　　The entries were judged on Language proficiency(熟练程度)and the quality of writing, as well as the design and level of exchanging ideas with readers．

　　Academics from the National University of Singapore and the SIM University IT experts, and a journalist from Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao in Singapore made up the judges．

　　In the end, only three Singaporean students made it to the award list－the rest of the awards were swept up by students from China．

　　“No surprise．”said Mr．Chow Yaw Long, 37, teachers in charge from Ianova Junior Collage, which organized the event．“Although the topics were local subjects, the foreign students were generally better in terms of the content of the posts and their grasp of the Chinese language．”

　　One of the three local students winning the first prize in the Best Language Award was blogger Christina Gao 19, from the Saint Andrew’s Junior Collage, who spared no effort in researching for and writing her blog．Each entry took her between five and seven days to produce, complete with pictures and even podcasts(播客)

　　Her advice for bloggers is：Be responsible

　　“Some bloggers out there only seek to blame the authorities and other bloggers．”Said Miss Gao．“I think they lack responsibilities and there is no value to their posts．”

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

　　Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at its best, it makes little environmental influence．But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively(不引人注意地)and leave no mark．

　　Wild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain．Wherever you are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building．For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowner’s permission, except in national parks．

　　Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping out doors, experiencing bad weather, and making do without modern conveniences．A busy, fully-equipped campsite(野营地)seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches．Better still, find a campsite with no road access：walking in makes a real adventure．

　　Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night’s sleep．choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment．try to use an area where people hanve obviously camped befoe rather than creating a new spot．when camping in woodland, avoid standing dead trees, which may fall on a windy night．Avoid animal runs and caves, and possible homes of biting insects．Make sure you have most protection on the windward side．Ifyou make a fire,do so downwind of your shelter．always consider what influence you might have on the natural word,Avoid damaging plants．A good canpsite is found,not made－changing it should be unnecessary．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

　　When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their to say, but not impirtant Too often it is viewed as entertainment, but certainly not an education priority(优先), This view is shortsighted,In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students

　　Music tells us who we are because music is an expression of the beings who from,Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a schubert song, The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions music expresses our character and values It came from American musical traditions Music expresses our character and values, Lt give us identity．

　　Music provdes a kind of percepton(感知)that cannot be acquied any other way Science can explain how the sun rises and sets．The arts explore the emotive(情感的)meaning of the same phenomenon．We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason：way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason：No one way can get it all

　　The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols They are ways we human beings“talk”to each other．They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities our hungers our discoveries．our hopes．The arts ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others When we do mot give away from them the meanings that music expresses

　　So music eeducation is far more necessary than people seem to realize．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feeling

　　Architects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviors．But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(经验的，实证的)basis．They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation．

　　Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity．In 2009, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people think．Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections．Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook．

　　In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate．Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention．

　　Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C．Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia．Tanner and his team found that higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots．

　　Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim(暗淡的)light helps people to loosen up．If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner, or at parties could increase relaxation．Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax．

　　So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings．“We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管)”architect David Allison says;“How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalize use of them?”That is what we are all struggling with”

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Dear Friend,

　　The recent success of children’s books has made the general public aware that there’s a huge maket out there．

　　And there’s a growing need for new writers trained to create the ＄3 billion worth of children’s books bought each year…plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers．

　　Who are these needed writers?They’re ordinary folks like you and me．

But am I good enough?

　　I was once where you might be now, My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by self-doubt,and I didn’t know where to turn for help．

　　Then, I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing aptitude(潜能), and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed．

The promise that paid off

　　The Institute made the same promise to me that they will make to you, if you show basic writing ability：

　　You will complete at least one manuscript(手稿)suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course．

　　I really didn’t expcct any publication before Ifinished the course,but that happened．I sold three stories．And I soon discovered that was not unusual at the Institute．

　　Since graduation, I have authored 34 nationally published children’s books and over 300 stories and articles．

Free test and brochure

　　We offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure describing our recognized home-study courses on the basis of one-on-one training．

　　Realize you writing dream today．There’s nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades forever．

　　Sincerely,

　　Kristi Holl,Instructor

　　Institute of Children’s Literature

(1)

(2)

(3)

How I Turned to Be Optimistic

　　I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and were returning from my autn’s house,and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America．We were on the bus then, I was crying,and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me．I remenber that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning．

　　I do not remember myself crying for this reason again．In fact I think cried very little when I was saying goobye to my friends and relatuves, When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see－the stange and magical plances I had know only from books and pictures．the country I was leaving never to come back was hardlt in my head then．

　　The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once．For the first two years in New York I was really lost–having to study in three schools as a result of family moves．I did not quite know what I was or what I should be．Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me．Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other．I was often sad, and saw no end to“the hard times”

　　My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home．I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives．

　　From my exeperiences I have learned one important rule：all common troubles eventually go away!Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up,and just wait a liteele!I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it not be that easy．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

　　A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below l6℃．Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate．Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world．Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world．

　　In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources(资源)：land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals．This action affects the environment as a whole．For example, a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the rainforests．People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit．

　　There are two main reasons for this．Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two．Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply．

　　Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store．More than 25％ of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests．However, fewer than l％of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value．It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)