If you see someone drowning, speed is very important. Once you get him out of the water, if he isn’t breathing, you have four minutes before his brain is completely destroyed. Support his neck tilt（使翘起）his head back and press his chin（下巴）upward. This stops the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn’t work, start mouth-to-mouth breathing. Press his nostrils（鼻孔）together with your fingers. Open your mouth and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest rises, then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat twelve times a minute. Keep doing until help arrives.

　　To bring a child back to life, keep your lips around his mouth and nose and gently blow into his mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to fill the blood with oxygen. If in spite of your efforts, he starts turning a blue-grey color and you can feel no pulse, pressing is the last chance of saving his life.

　　With arms straight, rock forward, pressing down on the lower half of the breastbone. Don’t be too hard, or you may break a rib（肋骨）. Check how effective you are by seeing if his color improves or his pulse becomes independent of your chest pressing. If this happens, stop the pressing. Or continue until rescue arrives.

(1) ________ is the most important thing in saving a drowning person.

[　　]

A．Mouth-to-mouth breathing

B．Repeating

C．Speed

D．Removing blocks in his throat

(2) The correct steps to do the mouth-to-mouth breathing are ________.

[　　]

a．pressing his nostrils together

b．blowing into his lungs

c．opening your mouth and taking a deep breath

(3) Which of the following statements of pressing is TRUE?

[　　]

A．It can be done directly when you see a drowning person.

B．It can make the drowning person turn a blue-grey color.

C．It helps the pulse work.

D．It should be done together with the mouth-to-mouth breathing.

(4) What’s the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．Saving the Drowning

B．Safety Rules

C．Mouth-to-mouth Breathing

D．Saving the Dying

How soon will it be before robots（机器人）become so intelligent that will be able to do things, such as teaching languages or looking after patients in hospital? Some experts believe this will happen within in hospital? Some experts believe this will happen within twenty years while other disagree.

　　One London company, UAS (Universal Automated Systems)has already developed machines that can be used as“home helps”for old people unable to look after themselves and who are living on their own or in special homes. These machines can now do such things as cooking eggs and cleaning the floor, and the company says that future models still accept simple voice instructions（指令）and be controlled by a“brain”that is the equivalent（当量）of the latest IBM microcomputer. The director of USA, Mr．Henry Jeffries, believes that in the next five to ten years companies will have developed even more sophisticated（复杂的）robots for use in industry. By this time, it is likely that they will also have begun to sell new forms of these machines into ordinary homes. Robots could do a wide range of household tasks, such as preparing meals, washing dishes, cleaning the house and so on. By then, the price of such machines may have come down to as little as ＄ 1000.

　　But Dr．Sandra Lomax, who has done research into artificial intelligence（人工智能）at Sussex University and MIT(Massachusetts Intelligence of Technology)believes we have a long way to go before we can develop truly intelligent machines.

　　“Preparing an omelette（煎蛋）may seem easy enough. But suppose one of the eggs has gone bad, even the most‘intelligent’robot would probably still use it. If something slightly unusual needs doing—something that requires even a little bit of ordinary human imagination, a robot is useless. They need programming for even the simplest of tasks and are not able to learn from experience. And teaching a robot how to recognize a bad egg is far more difficult than teaching it to prepare the omelette the egg goes into.”she says.

(1) A London company called UAS has already developed a machine which _________.

[　　]

A．can teach languages and care for the patients in hospital

B．can help old people do certain jobs in the house

C．is controlled by microcomputer "brain"

D．can accept simply voice instructions

(2) The director of UAS believes that in the next five to ten years new forms of machines will ________.

[　　]

A．be able to "think" with their own brains and do anything with imagination

B．cost much less than ＄1000

C．be used more in ordinary homes than in industry

D．do more housework

(3) Dr．Sandra Lomax thinks that ________.

[　　]

A．no robot will ever be able to prepare an omelette

B．a robot will soon be able to do unusual house work people can’t do

C．we can programme a robot to learn from experience

D．making an omelette is easier for a robot than recognizing a bad egg

(4) Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?

[　　]

A．All experts agree that there will soon be robots that can teach languages and look after patients in hospital.

B．Dr．Sandra Lomax believes there are very great problems in developing intelligent robots.

C．Robots have taken an important part in people’s daily life.

D．Such machines are already being sold into ordinary homes.

(5) Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．Servants of the Future

B．How to Make Robots

C．Robots More Clever Than Man

D．The Household Tasks in Future

Springtime in Paris

　　Departures: May 5,12,19 and June 9,

　　4 days for $129 per person

　　Paris in the Springtime was, is and always will be, something rather special. Why not experience it for yourself with this excellent break for four days? This attractive city has something to offer everyone and with price at just ＄129, it’s great value too.

　　Your break begins with executive coach（长途公汽车）transfer中转）from regional（各地的）pick-up points and travel to Paris is via crosschannel ferry（渡船）, arriving at your hotel in the evening. The Ibis is an excellent quality hotel with private facilities in all rooms: satellite TV, radio, telephone and alarm clock, It has a bar and restaurant and is situated about two miles south of Notre Dame enabling you to explore Paris with ease.

　　The following day, after continental breakfast（included）,the coach takes you on a comprehensive sightseeing tour of the city, during which you will see the Eiffes Tower, Champs Elysees, I’Arc de Triomphe, the Louvre, in fact almost every famous landmark you will ever have heard of. You then leave Paris and take a short drive to the magnificent Palace of Versailles, the home of Louis XIV. The tour ends mid-afternoon back in Paris where you will have the remainder of the day at your leisure. In the evening there is a“Paris By Night”tour showing you the beautiful buildings with bright lights.

　　Day three takes you to Montmartre, perhaps the most picturesque quarter of Paris and home of the Sacre Coeur and the Moulin Rouge. In the afternoon you are free to explore this beautiful city as you wish, perhaps a pleasure voyage on the River Seine, wander around the picturesque gardens or look through among the antique shops（古玩店）. In the evening you will have the opportunity to visit the best night-club in the city, the splendid Patin. On the final day it’s back to the UK via channel ferry.

　　Included in the price of $129 per person:

　　* Return executive coach travel to Paris

　　*Return ferry crossings

　　*3 nights accommodation in a twin bedded room in a Central Paris hotel with private facilities

　　*Continental breakfast during your stay

　　*Guided sightseeing tour of“Paris By Day”and“Paris By Night”

　　* Visit to Chateau of Versailles（admission not included）

　　*Tour on Montmartre

　　*Services of an experienced bi-lingual tour guide at all times

(1) This advertisement is mainly ________.

[　　]

A．to tell tourists the route to Paris

B．to show the price of traveling to Paris

C．to introduce the city of Paris

D．to attract tourists to Paris

(2) During the stay in Paris, the tourists will ________.

[　　]

A．have a free time of half day

B．have a“Paris By Night”on the first evening

C．have a pleasure voyage on the River Seine together

D．live in a hotel two miles away from Paris

(3) The underlined word“quarter”is used in the text to refer to ________.

[　　]

(4) After paying $129, the tourists will have to pay ________ in Paris.

[　　]

A．the continental breakfast

B．tour on Montmartre

C．admission ticket to Chateau of Versailles

D．services of a bi-lingual tour guide

(5) We learn from the text that ________.

[　　]

A．the tourists can telephone in Ibis without paying

B．the tourists will spend the night in Paradis latin on the third day

C．Palace of Versailles is not in the center of Paris

D．it will take you a long time to get to Montmartre from Paris.

In 1957 a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenza like cases. Influenza is sometimes called“flu”or a“bad cold”. He took samples from the throats of patients in his hospital and was able to find the virus（病毒）of this influenza.

　　There are three main types of influenza virus. The most important of these are types A and B, each of them having several sub-groups（亚群）.At the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was because of a virus-group A, but he did not know the sub-group. He reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization in Geneva. W．H．O．published the important news together with reports of the same kind of outbreak in Hong Kong, where about 15％～20％ of the population had become ill.

　　As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, they began to test them. They found that they could reproduce themselves at a very high speed. Continuing their careful tests, the doctor checked the effect of medicine used against all the known sub-groups of type A virus. On this virus, none of them was of any use

　　Having separated the virus, the two doctors now made tests on some selected animals. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments showed that the new virus spread easily, but that it was not a killer. Scientists, like the general pubic, it simply“Asian flu”.

(1) The Asian flu mentioned in the passage ________.

[　　]

A．had something to do with a virus group B

B．was reported to W．H．O．in Geneva by a doctor in Hong Kong

C．broke out not only in Singapore but also in Hong Kong

D．was taken from the throats of the patients in a hospital in Singapore

(2) London doctors considered ________.

[　　]

A．Asian flu as a bad cold

B．there were three main types of influenza

C．it was necessary to test the other groups of virus besides group A

D．the influenza called“Asian flu”is a new one

(3) The Singapore doctor helped the world by _______.

[　　]

A．making those with Asian flu well again

B．killing the virus that caused Asian flu

C．finding the sub-group of the virus

D．reporting the outbreak of Geneva

(4) The Asian flu virus _______.

[　　]

A．was a killer

B．was very weak

C．could reproduce very quickly

D．died very fast

(5) We can draw a conclusion that ________ from this paragraph.

[　　]

A．careful observation and research can make a new discovery

B．we must stop us from catching Asian flu

C．doctors should pay attention to patients

D．practice makes perfect

    People in the United States honor their parents with 2 special days: Mother’s Day on the second Sunday in May and Father’s Day on the third Sunday in June. These days are to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care. These two days offer an opportunity to think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers. More mothers now work outside the home and more fathers must help with child-care.

    These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day, people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother. A White one shows that the mother is dead. Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It’s also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery（公墓）. On these days families get together at home as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues（野炊）for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.

　　Another tradition is to give cards and gifts. Children make them in school. Many people make their own presents. These are more valued than those bought in stores. It’s not the value of the gift that is important, but“he thought that counts”. Greeting card stores, florists, candy makers, bakeries, phone companies and other stores do lots of business during these holidays.

(1) Which is not a reason for children to show love and respect for parents?

[　　]

A．Parents bring up children.

B．Parents give love and care to children.

C．Parents educate children to be good persons.

D．Parents pass away before children grow up.

(2) What do you know from the passage?

[　　]

A．Both festivals are in May.

B．Few women worked outside the home in the past.

C．Not all the children respect their parents.

D．Fathers are not as important as mothers at home.

(3) Which do you know about“carnation”?

[　　]

A．It only has two kinds of color.

B．It refers to the special clothes people wear on Mother’s Day.

C．It’s a kind of flower showing love and best wishes.

D．People can wear them only on the second Sunday in May.

(4) On Mother’s Day and Father’s Day ________.

[　　]

A．people usually have family parties

B．everyone goes to the cemetery

C．children always go to parents’ home

(5) What do you think“florists”do?

[　　]

A．They sell flowers.

B．They make bread of pastry（糕点）.

C．They offer enough room for having family parties.

D．They sell special clothes for Mother’s Day and Father’s Day.

    The French writer Honore de Balzac is known around the world for the novels and shorter works of fiction that he collected under the general title The Human Comedy. His ambition (eagerness) in this great work was to describe all of French society.

　　Balzac was born on May 20,1799, in Tours, where his father was a civil servant. At the age of 8,he was sent to a boarding school. He was an undisciplined child, and he was often sent to detention, or kept in. He looked on this punishment as a blessing in disguise（因祸得福）because it gave him all the time he wanted to read. When his family moved to Paris in 1814, he went to school there.

　　For a while Balzac studied law, but he had no taste for legal work. He wanted to write plays, but his first play, Gromwell（1819）, was a failure. He turned to writing sensational（神圣地）novels under various pen names. Realizing that he would never make his fortune this way, he went into business as a publisher and later as a printer. But he earned only debts.

　　In 1829,Balzac started the novels that made him famous. Some were fantastic, like the Wild ass’s Skin（1831）. This novel tells how a young man acquires a magic piece of leather that grants（允许）his every wish but shrinks a little every time he uses it. He knows he will die when the leather has shrunk to nothing. Others were realistic, like Eugenie（Garnet）（1833）, the story of a miser who loves his gold more than his daughter.

　　Balzac lived extravagantly（奢侈地）, and he was always in debt. His many women friends inspired the sensitive portraits of women in his novels. Just before his death, he married a Polish Countess（女伯爵）, Eveline Hanska.

　　Balzac worked as intensely（紧张的）as he lived. By writing as much as 16 hours a day, he published over 80 titles between 1829 and 184(7) This great labor brought on a serious illness before he was able to complete The Human Comedy. But when he died in Paris on August 18,1850, he left a vivid record of his time.

(1) The world knows Balzac because of________.

[　　]

A．his great work The Human Comedy.

B．his collection of novels and short stories

C．his description of the French society

D．his hard work

(2) When Balzac was at school, ________.

[　　]

A．he was often praised by his teachers

B．he often broke the school rules

C．he did some reading in his spare time

D．his family moved to Paris

(3) The word“detention”in the second paragraph suggests ________.

[　　]

A．preventing from leaving after school

B．headmaster’s or teacher’s office

C．being stopped going to classes

D．a room used for punishing students

(4) Before Balzac was thirty, ________.

[　　]

A．he had come to be famous

B．he had some interest in laws

C．he never made his fortune

D．he was in great debt

　　Once Wilhelm K．Roentgen and several other scientists were experimenting with passing electric currents through certain gases in a special glass tube from which the air had been taken away. Then one day Roentgen noticed that though when the tube was covered with black paper, some strange kinds of radiation was coming through and making a screen nearby glow. Roentgen could not see anything out of the tube, but then he discovered that if he put the screen in the next room on the other side of the closed door, the rays still seemed to affect it. The glowing screen showed that the rays could pass not only through the black paper but also through wood.

　　The next thing he found out was that if he put his hands between the rays and a photographic plate（感光板）, the rays would print a shadow of the bone framework（骨架）of his hands on the plate. In fact, the rays could pass as easily through the fleshy part of his hand as through the black paper, but hardly at all through the bone. So Roentgen made the first X-ray picture of a hand showing just how the bones in the hand fitted together.

　　Roentgen called this unknown rays X-rays, but other scientists called them Roentgens rays in honor of the man who first found them.

(1) Roentgen discovered X-rays ________.

[　　]

A．by working hard

B．by chance

C．by doing experiment after experiment

D．with the help of several other scientists

(2) What was in the special glass tube?

[　　]

(3) We may conclude that the rays Roentgen found were ________.

[　　]

(4) What could X-rays hardly pass through?

[　　]

　　Albert Einstein (1879～1955) was one of the greatest and most original scientific thinkers of all time.

　　Born of Jewish parents at Ulm in Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland and got his Ph. D at the University of Zurich. He went to live in the United States in 1933 because of the rise of Nazism（纳粹）in Germany and Hitler’s persecution（迫害）of the Jews.

　　In 1905, while still at Zurich, he published his Special Theory of Relativity, which was based on things everyone may have noticed. If two trains are standing alongside each other and one train starts to move, a person sitting in the train may wonder whether his own train is moving or the other is moving, and before he finds out what is happening, he can see that one train is moving relatively to the other. From this and also from other more complicated facts, Einstein came to the conclusion that all motion is relative and that there are really no such things as absolute（绝对）motion. Some of the other conclusions he drew are that nothing can go faster than light, and that if something such as a ruler was moving faster and faster it would seem to get shorter and shorter as its speed was near the speed of light. By 1915, Einstein had made known his General Theory of Relativity. He also improved on Newton’s theory of gravity. Most of his theories have been tested and found to be true though some may sound strange. For his important work he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.

(1) In 1933, Einstein wanted to live in the United States because ________.

A．he loved the USA．more than his own country

B．he had got some friends there with whom he could work together

C．he wanted to live quietly in the USA

D．he could no longer work in Germany when Hitler came into power

(2) Einstein published his Special Theory of Relativity when he was ________.

A．in the United States

B．in Ulm, Germany after he got his Ph．D

C．still in Switzerland at the age of twenty-six

D．still at the University of Zurich at the age of thirty-six

(3) One of the conclusions drawn by Einstein is that ________.

A．places go faster than trains and buses

B．people couldn’t run as fast as vehicles

C．light gobs the fastest of all the things

D．two trains can go in different directions

(4) Einstein added that if something such as a ruler was moving it would seem to get shorter and shorter ________.

A．because the ruler itself was short

B．when it was moving faster and faster

C．because we can’t see it clearly

D．because the ruler was broken into pieces

(5) Einstein was world-famous for his ________.

A．Special Theory of Relativity

B．General Theory of Relativity

C．improving on Newton’s theory of gravity

D．all of the above

　　About three hundred words in the English language come from the names of people. Many of these words are technical words. When there is a new invention or discovery, a new word may be coined（创造）after the inventor or scientist.

　　It is interesting to observe how many common words have found their way into the language from the names of people. Lord Sandwich who lived from 1718--1792 used to sit at the gambling（赌博）table eating bread with meat in between. As the Lord was the only one among his friends who ate bread in that way, his friend began to call the bread“sandwich”for fun. Later on the word became part of the English language.

　　The word“boycott” means to refuse to have anything to do with somebody or something. It comes from a man called Captain Boycott. He was a land agent in 1880 and he collected rents and taxes for an English landowner in Ireland. But the Captain was a very harsh（苛刻的）man. He treated his poor tenants（佃户）very badly. His tenants decided not to speak to him at all. Eventually word got back to the landowner and the Captain was removed. The word“boycott”became popular and was used by everyone to mean the kind of treatment that was received by Captain Boycott.

(1) A few hundred ________ come from the names of people.

[　　]

(2) Lord Sandwich died at the age of ________.

[　　]

　　Perhaps the biggest difference is in the growth of computers. Computers can think, can remember, can calculate（计算）faster than any human brain. A computer can hold more than a million facts in its memory. There are computers that are so big that they would fill this entire auditorium（礼堂）with machinery（机器）. Businesses and banks are now managed by computers. Students' grades, their marks are all managed by computers. If you study in America, you would receive your marks on little printout from the computer, not from your teachers. In America we pay bills. We have to pay for our children's university study from a computer and I pay the computer who then writes me another letter to say,“Thank you for your payment. You now own such and such amount.”This is not even seen by a human being. It is all between me and the computer. However, if a computer makes a mistake, that won't help you. If a computer makes a mistake about one of you, it is terribly difficult to correct that mistake. And sometimes a computer does make a mistake, and that mistake is never learned by another computer and the same mistake will go into other computers. And it becomes terribly difficult for one single person to correct a mistake that has been made. So in many ways people have become the servant of computers who are bigger and cleverer than they are. Of course, computers speed up every operation because computers can immediately re-cord, remember facts and produce new information that combines with these facts. It makes science possible. Modern science would not be possible without the computers to do the calculations.

(1) In America, the students get their school reports from ________.

[　　]

(2)“You now own such and such amount”means ________.

[　　]

A．you have made a big sum of money

B．you have got a lot of computers

C．you are told how much money left belongs to you

D．you have lost your money and computer

(3) If a computer makes a mistake ________.

[　　]

A．another computer can correct this mistake

B．one person can easily correct this mistake

C．other computers will make the same mistake

D．other persons will make the same mistake

(4) As mentioned by the text, why have computers become the master of people?

[　　]

A．Computers are as big and clever as people.

B．Computers are bigger and cleverer than people.

C．People are bigger and cleverer than computer.

D．Computers have learned how to control human beings.