Listening to a radio broadcast in a foreign language is difficult for many of us. We may have studied the language for several years, and are able to read it, perhaps even write in it. But listening and understanding the spoken language requires special skills. Some people have a natural ability that helps them to learn language quickly. Others must study for a long time. Everyone, however, can improve his or her listening skills with practice.

　　We are good listeners in our own language because we have had years of practice. We understand the grammar and the language. We know what to expect a person to say to us in almost any situation（情况）. We have been in similar situations many times, and we have heard it all before. We can understand, even if we do not listen carefully.

　　But this is not true with a foreign language. We must listen with our full attention. And we must try not to let the cultural style of our language affect （影响）our understanding of the foreign language. Listening to a foreign language broadcast is easier if we know something about it. There are clue （线索）that can help us. One clue is the time of day. Morning programs usually contain many short items（节目） of news, information or entertainment（文娱活动）. The items are short because most of us are getting ready to go to work in the morning. Often we do not have time to listen to long programs.

　　Evening programs me different. There is time for more details（细节）about the subjects discussed.

　　We can get a clue about the program from the music at the beginning, but we must be familiar with the music of the foreign culture. The kind of music--serious and slow, or fast and light--can tell us what kind of program to expect. The name of the program can give us good information about what it will contain.

　　Another good clue is the broadcaster. The more we listen to the same person, the easier it will be to understand him. His speaking style will become familiar to us.

　　Further, the broadcaster provides clues to the organization （组织） of the broadcast at the beginning of the program. The broadcaster usually gives you the highlights（内容提要）of the program to prepare you for the details（细节）that will follow.

(1) We are good listeners in our own language because ________.

[　　]

A．we have a natural ability of learning language

B．our own language is much easier

C．we listen to our own language more carefully

D．we have practised it for years

(2) In order to make it easier to listen to a foreign language broadcast we should _________.

[　　]

A．listen with our full attention

B．try not to let our language affect our understanding of the foreign language

C．try to get as familiar to the time, the music and the broadcaster as possible

D．all of the above

(3) If you don't have enough time, you can listen to ________.

[　　]

(4) You can know the information of the program according to ________.

[　　]

(5) What does the passage mainly talk about?

[　　]

A．Why do we listen to the foreign broadcast?

B．How can we listen to the foreign broadcast?

C．What's the difference between our own language and the foreign languages?

　　In the Caucasus region of the Soviet Union, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100th birthday, and many don't stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Soviet old people aren't alone. The Pakistani Hunzas, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains and the Vilacbambans of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador seem to share the secret of long too.

　　These peoples remain heathy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Soviet Georgians, aged 110 to 140, work in the fields beside their great--great--grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, “At what age does youth end?”, most of these old people has no answer. Several replied,“Well, perhaps at age 80.” The very youngest

estimate was age 60.

　　What accounts for this ability to survive to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-lived peoples. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr Rustam Mamedov is 142 years of age. He remembers his life experiences: the Crimean War of 1854; the Turkish War of 1878; the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr Mamedov has no intentions of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. Oh, he has slowed down a bit. Now he might quit for the day after 6 hours in the field instead of 10.

　　All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations of 5,000 to 12,000 feet (1,660 to 4,000 meters) above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollutionfree. This reduced-oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel system stronger.

　　Another factor that may contribute to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society.

　　Inherited factors also play some role. Most of the longest-lived people had parents and grandparents who also reached very old ages. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.

　　Finally, although these three groups don't eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar. The Hunzas, Vilacbambans, and Soviets eat little animal meat. Their diets are full of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cheese, and milk. They never eat more food than their bodies need.

　　It is clear that isolation from urban pressures and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all contribute to the health and remarkable long life of all these people.

(1) What kinds of things contribute to the remarkable long life of these peoples?

[　　]

A．Moderate diets.

B．Clean mountain air.

C．Daily hard work.

D．All the above factors.

(2) How do you think the author feels about these longlived people?

[　　]

A．He is impressed with them.

B．He doesn't care.

C．He doesn't like them.

D．He admires them.

(3) According to the passage, the phrase“the passage of time” means ________.

[　　]

A．have time to do what they want

B．being on time

C．time going by

D．limited time

(4) In the passage, why does the author describe Mr Mamedov?

[　　]

A．An example of a typical long life among these people.

B．An example of an unusual long life among these people.

C．An explanation of why he is still healthy.

D．An example of why his wife died early than him.

(5) What is the main subject of this article?

[　　]

A．Mr Mamedov's life.

B．A description of several societies where people live a long time.

C．Suggestions for how you can live long life.

D．People are healthy in mountainous regions.

　　Every year there are hundreds of earthquake in different parts of the world. In Sept. 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China's Shanxi Province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.

　　We measure an earthquake's strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.

　　The Earth's crust（地壳）is made up of layers of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves, they move with it.

　　Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself .

　　Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities.

　　China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence（发生）of earthquakes in the world.

(1) The passage is mainly about__________.

[　　]

A．scientists who study earthquakes

B．the way of measuring the earthquakes

C．a usual natural disaster

D．what people should do in the earthquake

(2) The earthquake in Shanxi Province____________.

Which of the following choice is not TRUE?

[　　]

A．happened in 1556

B．killed one million people

C．was the only earthquake in China

D．caused a lot of damage

(3) Earthquakes___________.

[　　]

A．don't cause much damage

B．are not serious

C．most possibly happen in Japan

D．happen all over the world

(4) According to the passage we know that tsunamis__________.

[　　]

A．can cause earthquakes

B．are caused by earthquakes

C．only happen on land

D．are a way of measuring earthquakes

(5) From the passage we know that __________ can cause earthquakes.

[　　]

　　A visitor to Germany must plan his time carefully, because there are so many things to see and do. Germany has big cities, picturesque medieval（中古的）towns, and lovely forests and mountains. If a traveler likes the excitement of a large city, he should visit Hamburg, Berlin, or Munich. Each of these cities has its own special charm. If a person enjoys the past, he ought to explore an old fortress town such as Dinkelsbuhl or Rothenburg in southern Germany. Here he can wander through narrow, crooked（弯曲的）streets or even walk on the original city wall. If a tourist finds the beauty and peacefulness of nature attractive, he should go to one of the wooded areas of Germany. The Black Forest is very famous but the Bavarian Woods near Czechoslovakia and the Odenwald in central Germany are just as lovely. If a visitor plans his time and activities well he will certainly enjoy his stay in Germany.

(1) If a visitor to Germany doesn't plan his time well, he will probably _________ a lot of things.

[　　]

(2) Hamburg, Berlin and Munich are ________ cities which are __________.

[　　]

(3) Dinkelsbuhl and Rothenburg are _________ towns.

[　　]

(4) For a visitor who is fond of _________ attractions, he should visit one of the wooded areas in Germany.

[　　]

(5) A visitor can see and do __________ interesting things in Germany.

[　　]

　　Is it possible that the people of the world today could agree upon a single international language that everyone would be able to speak and understand?

　　In the United Nations there are five official languages-English, Chinese,

Russian, French and Spanish. How about making one of them into an international language? English has been worked on for this purpose. A basic word list of 850 English words named Basic English was made. These are the only verbs in the entire list,“come, go, give, keep, let, do, put, make, say, be, seem, may, will, have, send.”Writing in Basic English may require you to use a greater number of words-as in having to say“It came to my ears”instead of I heard-but you can still say anything you want to with just 850 different words and a few sufixes（后缀）and prefixes（前缀）．This is a much smaller number of words to have to remember than the ordinary number offered to the students of a foreign language.

　　But people have always had a need to do more than simply“Tell it as it is”. Language is for reporting not only one's work. For this, a language needs idioms, needs all kinds of grammar and style（文体）that show its history and development just as a person needs eyebrows（眉毛）. Is there some special reason why our lips should be a different color from the rest of our face? Perhaps not, but this is how people-real people-are. For communication between people, languages of all kinds will remain to reflect（反映）the growth and soul of the societies that speak them.

(1) The phrase“tell it as it is”in the third paragraph means __________.

[　　]

A．people can use Basic English to say what they want to

B．people think Basic English can express what they see or hear

C．people say what they want to according to the fact

D．people tell something they like to

(2) If we write a composition in Basic English, it will be________.

[　　]

A．longer than usual

B．shorter than usual

C．hard for us to express what we want to

D．able to express ourselves in different style as we like to

(3) Which of the following Statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．Basic English is easier for students to learn.

B．Languages are like mirrors which can reflect the growth of the mankind.

C．Grammar and idioms are still necessary for us when we are learning a language.

D．Basic English will take the place not only of Queen's English, but also of the other languages in the world.

(4) This passage begins with a question．According to the writer's opinion, the answer to the question may be _________.

[　　]

A．it will be possible in the future

B．it seems to be possible if people agree to use Basic English

C．it seems impossible that people can use a simple language to express them-selves in various lives

D．it is impossible except that five official UN languages are used at the same time

(5) Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

[　　]

A．The words used in Basic English are strictly limited to 850, and nothing more.

B．Basic English is not a natural development of the English language.

C．Basic English can be used to express our thought easily.

D．Basic English seems not so easy to learn.

　　A language never stands still. It is always changing and developing. These changes are rapid in primitive societies, but slow in advanced ones, because the invention of printing and the spread of education have fixed a traditional usage. The only important change that English has undergone since the first of the 16th century is a large increase in its vocabulary. It is interesting to trace the different way in which new words are invented. Let us take just two English words and see how they were made sandwich and television.

　　Sandwich, which is now no longer an entirely English word, but also international, comes from the Earl of Sandwich (died in 1792), who invented the particular form of quick meal so that he could go on gambling all through the night without stopping for dinner. Many names of things are in fact taken from the name of the first inventors, for example, the electrical terms Watt and Volt.

　　Television is one of many new scientific words which are invented from old Greek and Latin words.“Tele”is Greek, meaning“far”, while“vision”comes from the Latin verb, meaning“to see”.

(1) “Stand”in the first sentence means__________.

[　　]

(2) What do you think Volt was? He was __________.

[　　]

(3) The invention of sandwich has something to do with ___________.

[　　]

(4) English has undergone an important change in its vocabulary for almost centuries.

[　　]

(5) The language cannot develop rapidly in advanced societies because ________.

[　　]

A．the societies have stopped changing

B．the printing has been invented

C．the education has spread

D．both B and C

　 Friends play a very important part in everyone's life．Friendship usually

develops during childhood. New friends are made when you progress through school. Those friends that you make as a student can usually last long. Friends influence your development, maturity（成熟）and sense of responsibility（责任）. A familiar expression is“You can tell a lot about a person by knowing who his fiends are.”Friendship is based on common interests. If you like sports, most of your friends are likely to be athletic（竞技的）. If you enjoy reading and shopping, most of your friends do the same.

　　Some people call you their friends for the wrong reasons. These people are not really friends. They are superficial（表面的）only“friends”on the outside, not the inside where it counts. Superficial friends only want to be your friends if is to their advantage. True friends are there if you are rich or poor. It is easy to have many so-called“friends”if you are rich．By this time you should be able to separate your friends into the real or the“phoney”.

　　True friends are most special. They are also difficult to find. You can consider yourself very lucky if you have one true friend. This friend is eager to help you whenever necessary. He or she knows you would do the same for them. A true friend is someone you can talk to about any subject or problem. You and your true friend have good understanding of each other. True friends support you, take your side, and build up your confidence.

(1) The first paragraph tells us__________.

[　　]

A．how to make a true friend

B．we should make friends in our childhood

C．what is friendship based on

D．friends play a very important part in our life

(2) Which of the following is TRUE?

［　　］

A．What you value above anything is the friendship developing during childhood.

B．The friendship developing during your school days will be with you for a long time.

C．Only through your friends' influence will you take the responsibility for your task.

D．If you have no music in you, none of your friends will be a music lover.

(3) “So-called”friends refer to_________.

［　　］

A．fair-weather friends

B．those who want to benefit from you

C．the friends who are on the surface only

D．all of the above

(4) Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

[　　]

A．You should tell true friends from phoneys.

B．True friendship too difficult to find.

C．You can share your joys and sorrows with a true friend.

D．A true friend will stand by you whatever happens.

(5) The proper title for this article may be“___________”.

［　　］

　　Joe Bloggs always had a cigarette on his lips. He smoked while he read, while he looked at the television, and while he drank a cup of coffee. He smoked forty cigarettes a day, but he was happy.

　　Joe's friend, Fred Brown, said to him,“It is very bad to smoke.”When Joe heard this, he started to worry and became thin. So he did not buy any more cigarettes. He became so thin he went to Fred for help.

　　Fred Said,“You must eat more.”So Joe did not smoke, but he ate chocolate, and he became very fat. Again he went to Fred for help.

　　Fred Said,“You must not eat chocolate.”So Joe stopped eating chocolate, but he went back to smoking cigarettes. He became thin again but he was not happy, because he still smoked.

　　Sometimes Joe Bloggs wished Fred Brown was not his friend!

(1) When Joe became thin the first time it was because__________.

[　　]

(2) The following sentences tell what happened to Joe．Which is the right order of the events（事实）?

a．He did not smoke; he ate chocolate; he was fat; he was unhappy.

b．He smoked; he did not eat chocolate; he was thin; he was unhappy.

c．He smoked; he did not eat chocolate; he was not fat; he was happy.

[　　]

(3) In the end Joe was unhappy about his friendship with Fred because ___________.

[　　]

A．Fred had given him the wrong advice on purpose

B．he never 1iked being told what to do

C．he in fact had never really trusted Fred

D．Fred's advice had brought him no good

(4) What kind of person would you say Joe was?

[　　]

A．He was not the kind of person who used his head much.

B．He had no will power to carry out a decision（决定）.

C．He was not happy to let others make decisions for him.

D．He was always changing his mind and was never satisfied.

(5) What is the writer trying to tell us with this story?

[　　]

A．Chocolate is bad for one's health.

B．One should ask friends for help and advice.

C．Smoking is bad for one's health.

　　Computer is a machine. Let us look at the history of machines and their use in factories. Before the year 1750 practically everything was made by hand. But by 1800 some machines were in use. After this, machines were gradually improved and more factories appeared in the world, However all the machines were for special uses, such as for making cloth, shoes, food and so on. Factories benefited from the machines instead of being affected. The great difference in the computer is that as it is connected with office work, it affects every company, no matter what it makes. That is why the introduction of computers is called the Computer Revolution.

　　If computers can do office work so well, does it mean the clerks will all lose their jobs? In future there will be far fewer jobs for clerks but this does not mean many clerks will be dismissed. There are three reasons for this. The first is that much clerical work is done by women. These are either girls who will probably marry or married women who came back to work for years. Women are constantly leaving the company, and in normal conditions, some others will take their places. When the computer is brought into the office, it only means fewer new girls need to be taken on. The second reason is that the companies which buy computers will probably become larger, so the clerks can be moved to fill the new vacancies（空缺）. The third reason is that a large number of jobs will become connected with the computers, and clerks are fit for many of them.

(1) The expression “practically everything” in the first paragraph means _____.

[　　]

A．almost everything

B．almost nothing

C．everything practical

D．nothing practical

(2) There was a rapid increase in the use of machines _____.

[　　]

A．in 1750

B．between 1750 and 1800

C．in 1800

D．after 1800

(3) The main idea of the first paragraph is that _____.

[　　]

A．machines came into wide use after 1800

B．things made by hand were no longer needed after 1800

C．machines became better during the nineteenth century

D．computers, different from other machines, affect all companies

(4) According to the writer, the introduction of computers will mean that _____.

[　　]

A．all clerks will lose their jobs

B．many clerks will become out of work

C．there will be less clerical work for people to do

D．the total number of jobs will be increased

　　Butterflies（蝴蝶）are common all over the world but the ones in hot countries are usually bigger and more brightly colored than those in cooler countries, and there are more different kinds.

　　Usually the male（雄性）butterfly is more brightly colored than the female （雌性）. The females have bigger and heavier bodies, since they carry the eggs. The gay colors of the male help to attract the female and the duller（暗淡的）colors of the female make them less likely to be caught by enemies before they have laid their eggs.

　　Some butterflies have a bright pattern of colors on the upper Surface of their wings which show when they fly, but when they rest on a tree or leaf, they close their wings. On the undersides of their wings there are green and brown markings which look like the trees or leaves. They are then difficult to be seen. The best example of this is the Dead leaf Butterfly. When its wings are closed, it looks exactly like a dead leaf. There are even marks that look like the holes in a dead leaf. When a bird is chasing（追逐）a butterfly, and the butterfly closes its wings, it cannot be seen. When a bird sees one, and begins to attack it, the butterfly opens its wings. The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it, and, frightened, it flies away.

(1) Which of the following is likely to be the most brightly colored ?

[　　]

A．A male in a hot country.

B．A male in a cool country.

C．A Dead Leaf Butterfly with its wings closed.

D．A large, heavy butterfly.

(2) What is the purpose of the gay colors of a male butterfly?

[　　]

A．To frighten birds away.

B．To help to get the attention of the female.

C．To make it more difficult to be seen.

D．To protect itself from the female.

(3) Female butterflies are safe from enemies because they _____.

[　　]

A．often lay eggs in hiding places

B．cannot be seen with their wings closed

C．are bigger and heavier than male butterflies

D．have colors that are not so bright

(4) When attacked by a bird, the resting butterfly sometimes would _____.

[　　]

A．fly away as quickly as possible

B．open its mouth to fight against the bird

C．close its wings and chase it away

D．open its wings and frighten it away