阅读理解

　　Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.

　　In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable(时兴的)to think that by free education for all－whether rich or poor, clever or stupid－one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees. They refuse to do what they think “low” work, and, in fact work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor, we can live without education but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns…

　　In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brain and ability and, secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be ashamed of one's work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.

1．From the passage we can conclude that ________.

[　　]

A．free education can do nothing to help the world

B．free education will provide us a perfect world

C．all the problems of society can't be solved by education

D．farmers are more important than professors

2．It is suggested in this passage that ________.

[　　]

A．our society need different kinds of people doing all kinds of work

B．work with hands is the most valuable in the world

C．we should respect farmers, for we can't live without them

D．farmers and dustmen do not need education as their jobs are very simple

3．According to the writer, the purpose of education is ________.

[　　]

A．to let everyone get free education

B．to let people not think it is ashamed of one's own work with hands

C．to make children get ready for their future work

D．to choose a system education

4．The passage mainly tells us about ________.

[　　]

A．the means of education

B．the value of education

C．the work children should do in the future

D．the advantage of education

阅读理解

Read the following advertisement and answer the questions below according to the table.

(p/t= part time; stenographer速记员; exp = experienced; req'd. = required)

1．If you want to get a position of a secretary as a part － time job, please dial the number ________.

[　　]

2．If you want to get a job as a secretary in the small midtown law firm, ________.

[　　]

A．you must have very good skills arid legal experienced

B．it is necessary for you to have legal experienced

C．you must have very good skills, but you don't have to be experienced in law

D．you must have excellent skills or good experience in law

3．We cannot find any information about ________ in each unit's advertisement.

[　　]

A．the title of position

B．the way of contact(联系)

C．salary

阅读理解

　　A “dark horse” is one that shows unexpected racing speed and comes in first, even though the experts said he had little chance of winning.

　　In politics, an unknown candidate(候选人)for office who wins a nomination(提名)or election is called a “dark horse”.British Prime Minister Benjamin Disrael is believed to have been the first to use the phrase. In his novel, “The Young Duke”, published in 1831. Disrael described a horse race and told how the two top choices fell behind, while “a dark horse” which had never been thought of rushing past the grandstand (看台)in a sweeping triumph. From racing to politics was a short step. As a political phrase, "dark horse" appeared for the first time in the national Democratic Party congress of 1844. The. “dark horse” was James Knox Polk who be－e the 11th President of the United States.

　　Polk had been the leader of the House of Representatives from 1835 to 1839．He had also been Governor of the state of Tennessee. But as a national leader, he was considered a political nobody. Nevertheless, he surprisingly won the Democratic nomination and was elected President.

　　Martin Van Buren of New York, a former President, seemed sure of getting the nomination. But he opposed making the territory of Texas part of the United States as another state. He was against it because there was slavery in Texas. Van Buren did not want another slave state in the Union. As a result, he lost support among those Democrats who supported slavery.

　　At the 1884 congress, Van Buren could not get enough votes to win the nomination. The congress got into trouble. Therefore, the Democratic leaders decided that the only wise thing would be to run a “dark horse”, a man who could unite the party.

　　And so, one of the party leaders, George Bancroft, proposed the name of James Knox Polk. He won, and the party united behind him. And he defeated his opponent, Henry Clay of the Whig Party. After the 1844 congress, the “dark horse” candidates became an established fact of national political life.

　　One historian said, “The invention of the dark horse was in itself a remarkable product of our professional politics.” This made it possible for party leaders to choose candidates who were not tied to certain ideas. Therefore, they represented nothing and had developed few enemies.

1．The term “dark horse” is often used to refer to ________.

[　　]

A．a horse that can be in the lead all the time

B．a horse that can attracts attention for its dark color

C．a person that people think the first to succeed

D．a person who achieves some goal unexpectedly

2．The author introduced the novel “The young Duke” with the intention that ________.

[　　]

A．he would come to tell us about a "dark horse" in politics

B．he would point out how the nobleman appreciated horse racing

C．he would tell us how the dark horse rushed past the two top horses

D．he would describe the fierce competition in the party

3．The failure of Martin Van Buren in the nomination lay in the fact that ________.

[　　]

A．he opposed the territory of Texas becoming a part of the United States

B．he had already been president of the United States for four years

C．he couldn't get support from the Democrats who would keep slavery

D．he had made few achievements during his presidency

4．According to the author, Polk's being nominated and elected President is considered entirely ________.

[　　]

5．Nominating a candidate sometimes needs the invention of the dark horse. But it's only when ________.

[　　]

A．everyone in one party wouldn't make any enemies

B．there is quite a different point between groups of party members

C．each one in one party sticks to his idea

D．all the party members were not tied to certain ideas

阅读理解

　　The lives of America's 40 million or so smokers are about to become even more miserable. The Clinton administration wants to put at least another 75 cents a pack on cigarettes to help pay for changes in the health－care system. Some members of Congress want $2 or more of an increase, which would double the price of a packet of cigarettes.

　　Recently, the US government's Food and Drug Administration announced that nicotine in cigarettes is addictive(使人上瘾的)and that tobacco should be regulated as a drug. In May, health officials in the state of Maryland, where farmers have grown the tobacco crop for centuries, banned smoking in all its enclosed workplaces－factories, offices, shops, lorries and cars used in work, as well as in restaurants and bars. The tobacco industry, fearing many more similar new laws, says that this is health fascism(法西斯主义).

　　No one believes that banning smoking entirely would work Prohibition(禁酒运动), the attempt to ban alcohol from 1920 －1933, was a big failure. But across the United States, local governments and private business are trying to make life more uncomfortable and more expensive for smokers.

　　Traditionally, tobacco has been as much a part of American culture as rock' n roll or jeans. In 1619, the first settlers of Jamestown in Virginia nearly lost all their money after bad harvests. However, they were saved by their tobacco crop and the sudden fashion for smoking in Europe.

1．How much China yuan will a pack of cigarettes cost now and would it be after an increase if some members of Congress's idea Come true?

[　　]

2．Clinton administration wants to put another 75 cents a pack on cigarettes. Why does it want to put the increase? They want to get more money to give it to ________.

[　　]

A．the people who do not smoke but are ill because of the smoke

B．develop the condition of some of the hospitals

C．the people who want to smoke but have not enough money

D．the country to develop some other industry

3．According to the author of the passage, will the banning smoking succeed?

[　　]

A．No, it doesn't work at all

B．Certainly it will work. It is the new policy

C．Perhaps not. But the smokers will suffer more

D．No one knows

4．According to the new policy, where can a smoker smoke?

[　　]

A．At home

B．In some of the cars

C．In the planes

D．Anywhere but the offices

阅读理解

　　In order to communicate thoughts and feelings, there must be a conventional system of signs or symbols which mean the same to the sender and the receiver.

　　The means of sending communications are too numerous and varied for systematic classification; therefore, the analysis must begin with the means of receiving communication. Reception of communication is achieved by our senses. Sight. hearing and touch play the most important roles.

　　Examples of visual communication are gesture and mimicry. Although both frequently accompany speech, there are systems that rely solely on sight, such as those used by deaf and dumb persons. Another means of communicating visually is by signals of fire, smoke, flags, or flashing lights. Feelings may be simply communicated by touch, such as handshaking or backslapping, although a highly developed system of handshaking has enabled blind, deaf, and dumb persons to communicate intelligently. Whistling to someone, applauding in a theater and other forms of communication by sound rely upon the ear as a receiver. The most fully developed form of auditory communication is, of course, the spoken language.

　　The means of communication mentioned so far have two features(特点)in common; they last only a short time, and the persons involved must be relatively close to each other. Therefore, all are restricted in time and space.

1．Why does the author explain that he will deal with reception of communication first?

[　　]

A．communication actually takes place when the message is received

B．there are more means of receiving than sending communications

C．it is difficult to organize by type the means of sending communications

D．reception of communications involved use of the senses

2．Applauding is specifically mentioned as an example of ________.

[　　]

A．a simple system of visual communication

B．communication by touch

C．gesture and mimicry

D．communication by sound

3．Which of the following statements about communication by touch is true?

[　　]

A．It is possible to communicate intelligently by touch alone

B．Touch must accompany visual communication

C．Touch is not important as a means of communication

D．There is no well－developed system of communication based on touch

4．Which of the following statements about the ways of communicating ideas and feelings mentioned in the passage is false?

[　　]

A．They can be used to communicate over long distances

B．They require both a sender and a receiver

C．They involve use of conventional signs and symbols

D．They utilize the senses for reception

5．The author specifically mentions that speech is ________.

[　　]

A．necessary for satisfactory communication by gesture

B．the only highly developed form system of communication

C．often used when communicating by touch

D．the mast developed form of communication based on hearing

阅读理解

　　Everyone needs friends. They are a basic source(来源)of happiness and hope in our lives. However, the ability to make friends varies from person to person. To some people, making friends is easy, and to others it's very difficult.

　　We all have the ability to make friends. Unfortunately, many people never reach their potential (潜能). Making friends is a skill, and the first step in developing that skill is knowing how to get along with others.

　　People who are good at getting along with others take an interest in what other people like. They learn to develop interests that make them enjoyable to be around. Therefore, the more things that your child knows how to do that involve interacting(相互影响)with other kids, the more opportunities he or she has to make friends.

　　If your child has trouble making friends, you can tell him or her to do.

　　·Realize your own strengths. You have skills and talents that others can enjoy. Some people don't let others see their goodness.

　　·Believe that you are a good person who has something to share with others.

　　·Develop a sense of humor. Learn to laugh at yourself and your shortcomings. It will relieve some of the stress in your life. If you ever feel like poking fun at (取笑)someone, let it be you, never anyone else. Smile, smile, smile.

　　·Respect the rights of others. They have their opinions; you have yours. Different opinions are healthy. Learn how to listen to others without putting them down or trying to convince(说服)them that your opinion is right.

　　·Be kind. Throughout your life, you will learn that if you are kind to others, they will usually be kind to you. When should you start being kind? Right now. Give someone a compliment(恭维). Open the door for someone. Wave to a friend. Encourage someone who is discouraged. Say something positive. There are hundreds of little things you can do to show kindness.

　　·Be empathetic(同情的). Try to understand what others are going through. Look at life through their eyes. If you empathize with someone's feelings, you can help.

　　·Don't complain. People get tired of listening to constant whining. Life doesn't always go the way you want. Learn to accept what you can't change, and work hard to change what you can. Replace the time you used to spend complaining with time spent being kind.

　　·Never give up. Even if you are faced with negative, closed－minded people, never give up. Don't let them change you into one of them. Find people who will appreciate you.

1．The ability of making friends ________.

[　　]

A．is similar

B．is quite different

C．differs according to the education one receives

D．depends on one's experience

2．The most important thing in making friends is ________.

[　　]

A．to love each other

B．to know others' way of life

C．to be able to get along with others

D．to have your own advantage in life

3．Which of the following shouldn't one do in making friends?

[　　]

A．To know your own advantages and shortcomings.

B．To be friendly to others.

C．Never accept what you don't know.

D．Never give up before difficulties.

4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? From the passage we know that friendship ________.

[　　]

A．is of little value in our life

B．is quite necessary in one's life and study

C．can enrich our life

D．is the basic source of our happiness

5．The best title of the passage should be ________.

[　　]

A．How to Get along with Others

B．Believe in Yourself

C．Different Opinions on Friendship

D．Making Friends

阅读理解

　　An altimeter is an instrument used in an airplane to tell the pilot how high he is flying. The altimeter used in most airplanes is a kind of barometer, which, like barometers found in ordinary homes, is a measuring instrument for air atmosphere presses downwards everywhere. At sea level this pressure is more than 14 pounds on every square inch of the surface. The higher you go into the air, the lower the air pressure is. An altimeter measures this air pressure to show the altitude of the airplane, or, how high it is above sea level. But the altimeter does not show how high the plane is above the ground. A plane might, be flying at an altitude(高度)of 15000 feet, but, it would be only a thousand feet or so above the ground if the land in that area happened to be 14000 feet above sea level.

　　The pilot adjusts(调整)his altimeter to the actual sea－level pressure before leaving the airport and then corrects it in flight by new information given to him by radio. He flies high enough to above any mountain he may pass on his course. The barometer altimeter is correct within about 300 feet.

　　Another kind of altimeter, the radio altimeter, makes use of radio reflection. It calculates the height of the flying plane by sending out electrical signals to the surface below and measuring the time required for them to bounce back(弹回). It is correct within 15 feet over water, but is not reliable(可信的)over land. Big planes usually have both kinds of altimeter.

1．The passage mainly introduces ________.

[　　]

A．the barometer altimeter and air altimeter

B．the sea－level altimeter and the radio altimeter

C．the barometer altimeter and the radio altimeter

D．the air altimeter and the sea－level altimeter

2．Suppose a plane using a radio altimeter is flying 10 000 meters above a highland which is 4 000 meters above sea level. What reading will be given by the altimeter?

[　　]

3．Suppose a plane using both kinds of altimeters is flying over a mountainous area where the land rises and falls very abruptly. The pilot keeps his plane steady at the same height. What kind of reading will you get on each of the altimeters?

[　　]

A．The readings on both altimeters will remain steady.

B．The readings on both altimeters will rise and fall abruptly.

C．The reading on the barometer altimeter will rise and fall abruptly, while that on the radio altimeter will remain steady.

D．The reading on the radio altimeter will rise and fall abruptly, while that on the barometer altimeter will remain steady:

4．How does the radio altimeter compare with the barometer altimeter when a plane is flying over an ocean?

[　　]

阅读理解

　　Yellowstone is the United States' first and most famous national park. This large wilderness area is very high in the Rocky Mountains of the northwestern US. It is bigger than the smallest state in the US.

　　Yellowstone became the world's first national park in 1872.

　　Yellowstone has many different kinds of unusual scenery：Although millions of people visit the park, the land remains unchanged－still a wilderness. The valley of the Yellowstone River has beautiful coloured rocks and three large waterfalls. In the early morning or evening, visitors sometimes see large deer－like animals, or buffalo(水牛)eating grass along the shores of Lake Yellowstone. The high mountains around Yellowstone are covered with evergreen forests.

　　Yellowstone Park has many areas with hot springs. These are caused by heat from the hot centre of the earth. Old Faithful is the most famous. Every 70 minutes, old Faithful sends hot water about 150 feet high into the air.

　　Here, hot spring water runs down over rocks into deep pools. It looks rather like a wonderful white cake.

　　When you visit Yellowstone, why not live like a cowboy? You can stay at an Old West country hotel. You'll enjoy typical cowboy food outdoors. You can ride a horse along one of the many paths or tralils.

　　There are over 1,000 miles of trails around Yellowstone. If you like excitement, take a boat trip down the fast Snake River, or spend a quiet summer day fishing by a river or a blue mountain lake.

　　In winter, Yellowstone Park is covered with heavy snow, but visitors still come to skate. With clouds of steam above them and snow all around, Yellowstone's hot springs look even more wonderful.

1．Which of the following is not true?

[　　]

A．Yellowstone Park has the longest history in US.

B．Yellowstone has a beautiful scenery.

C．There are forests in the park.

D．There are all kinds of birds in the park.

2．Visitors in the park can see animals eating grass ________.

[　　]

A．wherever they go

B．whenever they go

C．from time to time

D．on the top of the mountains

3．In this passage, the writer advises us to ________.

[　　]

A．become a cowboy

B．spend nights outdoors

C．do something as a cowboy did

D．drive along the paths

4．One of the most exciting activities in the park in summer is ________.

[　　]

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　Do you want something different for dinner? Try some space food. Scientists are experimenting with ways to grow food in space. Scientists think that in 20 or 30 years, astronauts will be able to live in space colonies(聚居地)off the planet. It's too expensive to carry food to feed people living in space colonies. People in space colonies will need to grow food for themselves. But how can they grow food without soil and sunlight?

　　Today, we already have hydroponic(无土栽培)vegetables. These are vegetables you can grow without soil. This kind of food can grow in an artificial(人工的)environment. In addition to sunlight, hydroponic farms can use artificial lighting. Instead of soil, hydroponic farms can use special material, such as mixtures of chemicals, to feed the plants, and in addition to a natural climate, most hydroponic farms often use greenhouses. Farmers know how to grow a few kinds of hydroponic vegetables. In winter, when it is too old to grow vegetables outdoors, hydroponic farmers can grow such vegetables as lettuce, tomatoes, and cucumbers and many different herbs and spices. These products are in many supermarkets. However, in space, people will need to eat more than salad and spices. So scientists are learning how to grow hydroponic rice, beans, potatoes, and wheat. Scientists can even grow hydroponic melons and strawberries.

　　Nutrition(营养)scientists at Cornell University in New York State are experimenting with recipes (食谱)that use these hydroponic vegetables. The National Aeronautics and Space Agency(NASA)is paying for this nutrition research. Some of the Cornell experiments are unusual. They make imitation meat dishes, such as carrot drum sticks made from carrots, peppers, onions, garlic, herbs, and breadcrumbs instead of chicken. They make dishes made from tofu and seitan(a wheat protein(蛋白质))instead of meat. How do these unusual foods taste? The scientists invite a group of taste testers into their laboratories. Every week, twenty－five people come to taste five different dishes. So far, they have tested 200 different recipes. The carrot drum stick dish was a hit. It rated an 8 out of 9. Perhaps soon, people will eat meals made from hydroponic vegetables that are truly out of this world.

1．It takes too much ________ to bring food to space colonies.

[　　]

2．To grow hydroponic vegetables, you need ________.

[　　]

A．chemicals to feed the plants

B．sunlight and warm weather

C．soil to grow the plants in

D．nothing to feed the plants

3．You can find hydroponic vegetables in ________.

[　　]

4．Scientists are experimenting with recipes that use ________.

[　　]

A．vegetables instead of meat

B．chicken instead of tofu

C．chicken drum sticks

D．garlic and breadcrumbs only

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　Several times each year the Queen gives afternoon tea parties at which guests are served tiny cakes filled with cream from her own cows. Cakes and sandwiches are brought in by footmen, yet you never see the Queen touch a thing. She simply sits beside a big silver plate, pouring cups of tea for everyone and carefully avoiding the cakes.

　　At cocktail parties the Queen moves from group to group, chatting informally, and manages to make one glass of diet(饮食)drink last an entire evening.

　　Tours abroad are difficult because hosts(主人)seem to believe the warmth of their welcome must be shown with wonderful state banquets(宴会). But the Queen has perfected the art of appearing to enjoy her meal without actually eating much.

　　During one visit to the Pacific islands of Tonga, a specially－prepared dinner was arranged in a hut made of wood and bamboo leaves. Deep holes were dug in the ground, filled with hot stones and baby pigs, and the pigs were slowly baked over several days. The Queen looked uneasily at her plate when she discovered a whole roast pig was her serving.

　　Then she became uneasy when a turkey, some meat, bananas and an apple were also carried in for each guest. So she depended on her old favorite trick of talking with her host, King Tupou TV, and carrying on a warm conversation. At the same time she pushed her food around her plate and only ate a piece of turkey and some fruit.

　　Reporters traveling with her have noted that the Queen will sometimes seem so carried away by a foreign leader's political chat she simply never has time to finish a meal before it is time to get up and make her speech. She will lift her fork to swallow a mouthful, then put it down again to make another point, leaving almost all of her meal untouched.

1．The main idea of the passage is about ________.

[　　]

A．the Queen's favorite food

B．the Queen' s tours abroad

C．how the Queen keeps her diet during her tours

D．the Queen's trouble with a foreign leader

2．The Queen talked with her host and carried on conversation with him. The purpose of doing this is ________.

[　　]

A．to show her politeness

B. not to eat much

C．to show her great interest in food

D．to hide her dislike to the food

3．We can infer from the passage that tours are difficult for the Queen, because ________.

[　　]

A．she has to meet with so many important leaders

B．she has to eat much oily food

C．she has so many reporters to travel with her

D. hosts always present wonderful state banquets

4．What probably is the Queen's art of acting at state dinners?

[　　]

A．Appearing to enjoy her meal without actually eating much.

B．Drinking Malvern water.

C．Eating a piece of turkey and some fruit.

D．Eating much without being noticed.