The tools that these people used were made of stones, so we call those times the Stone Age. A hard, sharp-edged piece of stone was an axe-head. These people learnt to bind (捆) the stone to a wooden handle using the tough sinews (腱) from legs of animals they had killed. Pieces of flint (燧石) were collected and smashed (粉碎) with heavier rocks to make pointed flakes (薄片) which were used as arrow tips. Flint stones with sharp edges were used as knives.

The people of the Stone Age hunted animals which included deer, wild horses and wild cattle. After eating the meat, they took the animal’s hide, stretched it out on the ground and scraped off the fat. They left hair on the outside. Then, after they had softened the hide by stamping on it, they polished (磨光) the inside with sandstone. The finished skins gave them rugs and clothes .For needles they poked (戳) thin pointed bones through the skins and stitched them with fine sinews.

We are not certain when the Stone Age began. Scientists think it could have been over a million years ago. They do know that it ended in about 3000 B.C. when people learnt to make things from copper and bronze. There were Stone Age people living in South Africa in the Kalahari Desert, Australia and New Guinea when white settlers arrived not many years ago. In distant parts of New Guinea some tribes have only just begun to use tools made of iron.

1.The reason why we call those times the Stone Age is because ______.

A. people built stone houses

B.people wore stone clothes

C.the tools people used then were made of stone

D.the caves people lived in were made of stone

2.Why did people live in caves many thousands of years ago?

A. Because they found them safe from attack.

B.Because they found them warm.

C.Because they found them big enough for them to live in.

D.Because the caves were animals’ shelters.

3.Where did the people of the Stone Age get the sinews when they made tools?

A. They got the sinews from their own legs.

B.They got the sinews from wolves and wild horses’ legs they had.

C.They picked them up when they found them.

D.They got the sinews from the legs of animals they had killed.

4.The word “hide” means ______.

A.后腿　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.兽皮　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.骨头　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.兽毛

5.The Stone Age didn’t end until ______.

A. people learnt to make things from copper and bronze

B.people learnt to use machines

C.people didn’t kill animals

D.people didn’t need rugs any more

It has been said of Dickens that he gripped (控制) the imagination of his readers because his imagination gripped himself. The people in his works were so real that they could make him laugh or cry. When writing Oliver Twist he said that he could not rest until Fagin, the wrongdoer, had been hanged.

Dickens’s marriage to Catherine Hagarth, with whom he had nine children, ended unhappily in 1858.He started to travel about giving readings of his works. His interest in theatre gave his novels the qualities that made them suitable for reading aloud on the stage. A tiring travel to the United States affected his health. On June 9, 1870, when he was working on a new novel, he died, as he had wished. He said he wanted to die working.

1.It seems clear that Dickens became a famous novelist ______.

A. because of his social work

B.with the success of Pickwick

C.because he was writing two novels at the same time

D.when he began to give readings of his works

2.According to this passage we know that Dickens ______.

A. was only interested in writing novels

B.didn’t like Oliver Twist

C.wished to live a hundred years and write three novels in each

D.didn’t think he could write a better novel than Pickwick Papers in his life

3.As a novelist, Dickens ______.

A. was full of imagination

B.found it hard to satisfy his readers

C.always wrote about real people in life　　  

D.wrote works according to his reader’s imagination

4.From the passage we can see that Fagin must be ______.

A. a person in real life

B.a character in Oliver Twist

C.a character in Pickwick Papers

D.one of Dickens’ works

5.Which of the following is true?

A. Dickens had always enjoyed his marriage to Catherine Hagarth.

B.Dickens was a successful actor.

C.Dickens’ death had little to do with his hard work.

D.Dickens had wished to die in the course of work.

1.Milton’s father wanted him to ______.

A. serve god　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    B.study in a church

C.go to church on Sundays　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   D.visit the Church of England

2.Milton returned to England because ______.

A. the war had made it possible for him to go on with his journey

B.the time had finally come when he could devote himself to his cause

C.he was forced to join in the war

D.experiences in the war would help him in poem writing

3.What saved Milton’s life after the Restoration?

A. His contribution (贡献) in the war.

B. His great fame (名声) as a poet.

C. His physical condition.

D. The king’s mercy.

Some people go for escape（逃避）from grief（悲伤）or failure, some from a wish not to be very long in one place in the world. Others go to celebrate a marriage, or are a retirement（退休）, and many people take voyages to enjoy a luxury（享乐）they do not have at home and for shipboard fun. When you put all these motives （动机）into a forced companionship（伙伴关系） and sometimes an unpleasant one—a voyage can be like a mirror held up to modern life with all its variety（多样）. Voyages can be boring but they can give some passengers new view on life, renew courage and awaken a sense of the size of the world.

   There are many books about ocean voyages, but as a rule they are magazines or diaries of travel. LIFE NUMBER TWO is a novel written not mainly to show shipboard life but to tell the stories of a few people on board, trying their past lives and their possible futures into the narrative（叙述）.It also deals with some modern social problems worth our consideration.

1.The writer spent ______in traveling.

A. all his life　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    B.the most important part of life

C.the period of wartime  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.much time

2.LIFE NUMBER TWO tells how people feel ______.

A. when they are alone in their trips

B.when they fly quickly from one place to another

C.when they are on board a ship for a long time

D.when they are always in one place of the world

3.A sea voyage in one’s life is______ as the writer says.

A. sometimes a thing worth doing  　　　　　　　　   B.a waste of time

C.a sign of failure　　　　　　   　　　　　　　　   D.one’s strong wish

4.The shipboard life is ______.

A. very tiresome　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   B.very luxurious

C.a reflection of society　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    D.very funny

5.This passage may be something written by ______.

A. a reader after reading the book 　　　　　　　　　　　　    B.the author to give the introduction

C.a passage on board the ship　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   D.someone who got a second life

The argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a bad society and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.

In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary action. Throughout recorded history there have always been those peculiar persons in every society who made terrible crimes such as murder. But some are more dangerous than others.

For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in time of blind anger, but quite another to coldly plan and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of different degree. While it could be argued with some reason that the criminal in the first instance should be merely kept from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.

The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion. But the majority of people believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963,when the death penalty was carried out from time to time in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100 000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been done only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100 000 population. The sharp climb in the state’s murder rate, which began when killings stopped, does not happen by chance. It certainly shows that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the law about death penalty is vetoed(否决),some people will be murdered—some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is really a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of people must be protected.

1.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.

A. speak for the majority

B.support a veto

C.speak ill of the government

D.argue for the value of the death penalty

2.Which of the following is among the heated arguments across the USA besides death penalty?

A. Air pollution.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    B.The war against Iraq.

C.Equal rights.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.Election of president.

3.The numbers in the last paragraph show that______.

A. if they stick to death penalty, the number of murders will be reduced

B.death penalty almost stopped from 1954 to 1963

C.the population of California has risen

D.death penalty is of little value

4.It can be inferred that the writer thinks that ______.

A. the death penalty is the most important problem in the United States today

B.the second type of murderers(in Paragraph 4) should be sentenced to death

C.the veto of the law about death penalty is of little importance

D.the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be discussed

International trade is very important to consumers (消费者) in all countries For example, imagine both a Japanese citizen and a Chinese citizen have ten dollars to spend. They both want a watch and a radio. Because of skills and wages the following prices exist for these products.

If the Chinese buys only Chinese products, he can own only the watch and have five dollars left over, or own only the radio. The same situation exists for the Japanese citizen if he buys only Japanese products. However, if they both buy Chinese watches and Japanese radios, they both can buy two products for their ten dollars. As a result, the standard of living is higher.

1.For most countries international trade is necessary because ______.

A. they don’t have enough money

B.they can buy more goods with the same amount of money

C.they need goods and services from other countries

D.they don’t have enough labor themselves

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to this passage?

A. Foreign trade is very helpful for the rise of the standard of living in every country.

B.Only a few countries in the world must sell goods to other countries and buy raw materials from them.

C.With the help of foreign trade, we can buy more things with the same amount of money.

D.Without foreign trade some factories would stop production.

3.The chart (图表) in this passage shows that ______.

A. the same product may have different prices in different countries

B.Chinese-made watches are worse than those made in Japan

C.Chinese-made radios are better than those made in Japan

D.most products made in China have higher prices than those made in Japan

4.The writer wrote this passage in order to ______.

A. tell us the importance of learning a foreign language

B.tell us an interesting story

C.teach us how to do foreign trade with other countries

D.show us the importance of foreign trade

5.Many products will disappear from some countries’ market without foreign trade. The reason is that ______.

A. these countries don’t have enough raw materials

B.these countries cannot produce these products

C.they don’t have experienced workers

D.they don’t have enough money

It would be ridiculous to talk of a wicked three-year-old. To him it is just as bad to break a cup by accident as to break it on purpose in a fit of temper. If asked at the age of five what is good. He’ll say, ‘Eating up my dinner is good’ or ‘Helping Mummy in the garden is good’. The desire to please is soon directed to his father and then to close relatives, ‘I’m a good boy to help Dad to clean the car’ and ‘I was naughty to throw custard at Granny’. A child is approved of and disapproved of so often that he gradually forms a general idea of what kind of actions are approved of (like being helpful, careful, obedient) and what is disapproved of (line bullying, lying, etc.) This process takes several years. By about the age of 13, he will not say merely ‘Helping my mother is good’, but ‘It’s good to help people’ instead of ‘I’m naughty not to finish my dinner’, he’ll say ‘It’s bad to waste food’, and instead of ‘I was naughty to throw custard at Granny’, he’ll say’ It’s bad to lack self-control’. It’s this general idea of what is good and bad that most people relate to conscience. It’s a widely held view that the kind of conscience you have depends almost entirely on the way you were brought up in the first few years of your life. All this training is stored up in the unconscious mind and later influences your decisions when you have to make moral choices.

1.The child’s ideas of good and bad grow out of ______.

A. his judgment

B.his education given by his parents

C.his desire to please people

D.his behavior

2.It’s senseless to say that a three-year-old child is wicked because ______.

A. he does not see the difference between true and false

B.he does not see the difference between ‘bad’ things that he does by accident and ‘bad ’things that he does on purpose

C.he does not know very much about the world

D.he has difficulty in forming the usual ideas of good and bad

3.Which of the following is true?

A. The child learns general ideas of good and bad in the first few years.

B.Bullying and lying are examples of actions that are approved of.

C.A child of six is likely to say, ‘It’s good to help people.’

D.Childhood training has an influence on the making of moral choices in later life.

Mr. Smith wrote to your newspaper to complain that his telephone was out of order for more than a week.

We received a complaint from Mr. Smith at 2:30 p.m. on May 6. The next day we sent workmen to Mr. Smith’s house to repair his telephone. The men discovered that there was something wrong with the underground cable. They dug up 15 feet of the cable and saw many white ants. These ants had attacked the cable and damaged it badly.

On May 8~10, our workmen dug up another 30 feet of the cable and found that it was also damaged. On May 11~13 the men took out the useless cable and replaced it with a new one. To do this they had to connect more than 4 000 wires and the work was not easy.

On May 14, the cable was completely repaired and Mr. Smith’s telephone was working properly. He did not have to pay for the work.

Yours faithfully,

B.Jones

Manager of Telephone Company

1.Mr. Jones wrote to a newspaper because he wanted to ______.

A. explain why his telephone did not work properly

B.complain about his telephone

C.explain why Mr. Smith’s telephone was out of order for several days

D.complain that the Telephone Company was slow to repair his telephone

2.The workmen spent ______ days in repairing the cable.

A. eight　　　　　　　　　　    B.three　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.four　　　　　　　　   D.six

3.The workmen had to join thousands of wires when they ______ the old cable.

A. damaged　　　　　　　　  B.repaired　　　　　　　　　　 C.replaced　　　　　　　　    D.put in

4.The ______ to the cable were paid by the Telephone Company.

A. damage　　　　　　　　    B.damages　　　　　　　　    C.repairs　　　　　　　　　　  D.replacement

5.The word “discovered” means ______.

A. were learned　　　　　　 B.were seeing　　　　　　   C.find out　　　　　　　　　　 D.found out

Aeroplanes cannot climb as high or as quickly in cold air as in warm. Nor can clouds. In practice, this is an advantage to the aeroplane, which is already at a good height when it reaches the polar region and so does not need to climb, while at the same time cold air keeps the clouds down.

1.Scientists can live in the North Pole because ______.

A. they know the place well

B.they are specially trained

C.they are not ordinary people

D.they are well equipped

2.From the passage we know that the polar region is ______.

A.a good place to reach by sea

B.an attracting place covered by various kinds of plants

C.a good place to fly over

D.a good place to go on holiday

1.What do you do with it?

Go to a telephone box marked “Phone-card”. Put in your card, make your call and when you’ve finished, a screen tells you how much is left on your card.

It costs no extra for the cards, and the calls cost 10p per unit, the same as any other payphone call.

You can buy them in units of 10,20,30,40,100,or 200.

2.Now appearing in a shop near you.

Near each card-phone position you’ll find a shop where you can buy one.

They’re at bus, train and inner city tube stations.

Many universities, hospitals and clubs. Motorway service areas and shopping centers.

At airports and seaports.

3.No more broken payphones.

Most broken payphones are like that because they’ve been damaged. There’re no coins in a card-phone to draw the attention of thieves .So you’re less likely to find a damaged one.

Get a phone-card yourself and try it out. Or get a bigger wallet.

1.What do you think a “phone-card” is?

A. It’s a special telephone looking like a card.

B.It’s a special kind of money.

C.It’s a special card used to make phone calls.

D.It’s a special coin.

2.Choose the correct order when you use the phone-card.

a. Put in your phone-card.

b. Look at the screen to find out how many calls you can still make.

c. Go to a telephone box marked “Phone-card”.

d. Make your call.

A.c,a,d,b　　　　　　　　　　  B.c,d,a,b　　　　　　　　　　  C.a,b,d,c　　　　　　　　　　  D.c,b,d,a

3.You’d better have a phone-card because ______.

A. you don’t have to pay for your calls

B.you can pay less for your calls

C.it is not easy to be damaged

D.you don’t have to take a lot of coins with you