Starving polar bears are eating one another in the Arctic. Flowers are blooming too soon and die. The ice caps are melting so fast that rising water levels will threaten coastal towns along Florida within several decades. These are just a few examples of the terrible consequences of climate change supported by a new analysis in Nature.

In the past three decades, average global temperatures have risen about 0. 6°C and are projected to jump by about 1. 7°C by the end of the century, says Cynthia Rosenzweig, who leads the Climate Impacts Group at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies at Columbia University in New York. “We’ve already seen that a relatively low amount of warming,” she says, “can lead to a broad range of changes. ”

The unnatural warming caused by man-made greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide produced by cars and coal-powered plants, brings trouble for entire ecosystems. In North America alone, scientists have identified 89 species of plants, such as the American holly that have flowered earlier in the spring. In Spain, apple trees bloom 35 days ahead of schedule in response to the higher temperatures. Other wildlife, like the insects that use certain plants for food and the birds that feed on the insects, must then move forward their seasonal stirrings(萌动) and mating（交配） patterns to survive.

To try to follow this time shift, some birds such as robins, the classic symbol of winter’s thaw(解冻时期), are returning to Colorado from their migrations some two weeks earlier than in years past. All these changes can throw a food chain in disorder. Some bird species that arrive before the insects reappear may starve to death.

“Around the world, plants and animals are waking up to an earlier alarm clock than they used to,” says Terry Root, a biologist from Stanford University.  

1.The underlined word “projected”(in Paragraph 2) probably means “____”.

2.According to the third paragraph, as a result of climate change ____ .

3.What can we know about robins according to the passage?

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

   CHICAGO ---Call it a reward, or just “bribery(贿赂)”.

Whichever it is, many parents today readily admit to buying off their children, who get goodies(好东西) for anything from behaving in a restaurant to sleeping all night in their own beds.

That’s what worries parenting experts.

“I think that reward systems have a time and a place and work really well in certain situations,” says Marcy Safyer, director of the Adelphi University Institute for Parenting.

“But what often gets lost for people is being able to figure out how to communicate to their kids that doing the thing is rewarding enough,” Safyer says.

Parents and experts alike agree that the dynamic(动力) is partly a reflection of the world we live in. It’s unrealistic to think a parent wouldn’t reward their children with material things sometimes, says Robin Lanzi, a clinical psychologist and mother of four who’s the research director at the Center on Health and Education at Georgetown University.

“But you want to make sure that they match the behavior, so it’s not something huge for something small,” Lanzi says.

She recalls hearing about a father who offered his child a Nintendo Wii game system for scoring a couple goals in a soccer game.

Elizabeth Powell, a mother of two young daughters in Austin, Texas, knows what she means.

“You want to raise them in a way that they’re respectful and appreciate things,” Powell says of her children. “But sometimes, you wonder now if kids appreciate even a new pair of shoes. ”

1.Parenting experts are worried that ____ .

2.What Safyer says suggests that ____ .

3.What can we learn from what Robin Lanzi says?

4.The father who offered his child a Nintendo Wii game system can be regarded as

_____.

根据所给汉语提示或首字母填写词的适当形式，完成下列句子

（共15小题；每空1分，满分15分）

1. The boss needed many employees, so he decided to h      some.

2. The farmer had only twenty   (牛) left after the serious snowstorm on the farm.

3. The editor said that the book would be improved by     (插入) another chapter.

4. From 1842 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many

Chinese people a        for right to live in USA.

5. I’m sorry to b     you, but can you show me the way to the railway station?

6. Cloning is a way of making an e     copy of another animal or plant.

7.When we describe something very light, we say "as light as a        (羽毛)". 

8. His opinion d       entirely from mine, so I had to change mine.

9. In case of fire, please d     119.

10. The doctor felt the child’s f     and found the fever was gone.

11. He kept         ( 轻敲) his fingers on the table.

12. P      experience is better than theoretical knowledge

13. He works in a small firm and lives on his wages（工资）. How can he makeaf ?

14. Could you lend me 20 yuan? I left my w      at home.

15. The police worked out a plan to catch        (小偷) in the whole city.

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示，2）首字母提示，3）语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。

People can be addicted to different things, for example, alcohol, drug, certain

foods, or e     television. People who have such an addiction are being                    1.          

forced, because they have a very  (强大的) psychological need that they feel                 2.            

they must be s    . According to psychologists, many people are forced                    3.         

spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This    (力量), like most                  4.           

others, is impossible to explain in a r     way. For forced spenders who                   5.          

buy on credit, charge accounts are more e        than money                           6.          

In other       , forced spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything.                 7.          

Their pleasure in    (花费) large amounts is actually greater than the                      8.          

pleasure that they get   the things they buy. They often spend money                       9.          

(with credit) in an unplanned    , and the things they buy are not         10.         

always useful to them.

假设你叫李华，在暑期即将到来之际，你看到一家国际旅行社招聘短期助理的广告。请你根据以下情况，用英语给该旅行社写一封120词左右的求职信。

个人特长: 1.英语流利；喜爱旅游；有丰富的历史、地理知识；熟悉本地情况；

2.善于交际，乐于助人；

3.。。。。。。

注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2.信的开头已给出，但不计入总词数。

参考词汇: 旅行社 travel agency

Dear Sir / Madam,

…

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

After winning      war　in　Iraq，the country fell into     new worries of economy．

A. the; the                     B. a; the                C. the; ／                      D. a; ／

After the meeting, I           to write a report on our next term’s work.

A. set about    B. set aside    C. set out   D. set off

It is most _____that the environmentalists will come to the area to investigate the possible damage caused by the serious pollution.

A. likely           B. perhaps         C. possibly     D. probably

Among the most important questions the journalists wanted _____was how Greece could overcome economic crisis ?

A. to answer                 B. being answered      C. answering       D. answered

—I bought three DVD copies of the film Avatar and now       is left. Somebody just borrows something and never returns.

—Things like that happen all the time.

A. none                B. nothing                C. no one             D. neither