Can we turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”? Is there power in positive thinking?

Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply emphasize how unhappy they are．

The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by referring to older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better．If you tell your friend that he may be an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults．In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write passages opposing funding for the disabled．When they were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written．

In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem（自尊）．The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes．Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell．When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable．”

Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the experiment．In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts．

The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy（心理治疗） that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them．In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse．Meditation（静思） techniques, on the contrary, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a large, more realistic perspective（视野）．Call it the power of negative thinking．

1.The Canadian researchers find that _____．

2.What does the author mean by “… you’re just underlining his faults”（Line4, Para3）?

3.What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?

4.What do we learn from the last paragraph?

Between their crazy schedules and upside-down circadian（昼夜节律的） rhythms, teens have always been somewhat sleep-deprived（剥夺）．Now technology is making it worse．

Teens are not just texting, instant-messaging and surfing Facebook all day; they’re sleeping with their cell phones or laptops, too．Or rather, not sleeping．And doctors and parents, many of whom raised in an era when phones were attached to walls, are concerned．

“So many teens are having sleep issues, and parents aren’t necessarily regulating the use of the electronic devices enough,” says Margie Ryerson, a therapist．“It’s impossible to wind down and relax the body, the mind, the senses and be ready to fall asleep．”

“We all know teens don’t get enough sleep in general,” says San Francisco．“As long as parents allow teens to have these devices in their bedrooms at night, teens will be tempted（诱惑） to use them．”… Teens would socialize 24/7 if they could．

Ryerson calls it the CNN syndrome of teenhood— round-the-clock reports on breaking news about everything, from homework to wardrobe choices to ice-cream cravings．

Sleep deprivation is linked to memory and concentration problems, anxiety and depression, and moodiness．“Many people assume these problems arise directly from adolescence, which is not really true,” he says．“The real issue is sleep deprivation．Late-night texting can certainly make the situation worse．”

“The psychology behind this constant contact is certainly understandable,” Ryerson says．“It comes from wanting to avoid being left out．They won’t be considered important and significant in their peer group, if they don’t know what’s going on．If they’re on top of everything, they belong,” she says．

“What helps, at least for younger kids,” says Ryerson, “is parental involvement．If all of their friends are all able to text into the early hours of the night, it is hard for a middle or high schooler to set the limit themselves．Often they appreciate parents stepping in．”

“As parents, we want our kids to be happy, healthy and responsible,” she says, “and the most necessary requirement for achieving balance is to first take care of ourselves physically — eating well, exercising and getting enough sleep．”

1.According to Ryerson, it seems that ____．

2.By saying the underlined part “the CNN syndrome of teenhood”（in Para5）, Ryerson means _．

3.When teens felt depressed, people used to think it was because ____．

4.Why do teens keep texting all the time?

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示，2）首字母提示，3）语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整的写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。

Hello, everyone! I would like to share with you my first travel abroad．

Last summer vacation, I took part in a/an ________ （交流） programme     1.__________

with an American school．D__________ our visit, we stayed with host       2._________

families, _______ gave us an opportunity to learn more about the              3._________

American society．The main part of our programme was to ______（体验）    4._________

The school life．_________ with Chinese students, American students       5.__________

are more open and active．Besides, they have _____________ homework       6.__________

and fewer exams．But we a__________ have a lot in common, like being      7._________

crazy about NB          A．When the visit was over, I made f________ with     8._________

some American students, who are very interested in Chinese______（文化）．     9.__________

The programme is of great b__________ to us the American students         10._________

As well．

近年来, 世界各地极端天气不断发生．请根据以下提示写一则短文．

注意: 1．可在所给内容的基础上做适当的发挥;

2．词数100-120．

3．参考词汇: 低碳生活low-carbon life; 干旱 drought

The number of tickets _____ will be determined by the size of the stadium.

The fridge is _____for one year. It means that the company that makes it promises to repair or replace it if it breaks within a year.

People _____hobbies because these activities can offer enjoyment, friendship, knowledge and relaxation.

---You speak very good French!

---Thanks. I _____ French in Sichuan University for four years.

The incident _____ a chain of events which resulted in the outbreak of the World War I.

I enjoy listening to classical music, but I’m so busy now that I’m not in the _____ for it.