Many of us believe that a person’s mind becomes less active as he grows older.But this is not true,according to Dr.Lissy F.Jarvik,professor of psychiatry(精神病学)at the University of California,Los Angeles,and a board member of the New Center for Aging at the Veterans Hospital.She has studied the mental functioning of aging persons for several years.For example,one of her studies concerns 136 pairs of twins, who were first examined when they were already 60 years old.As Dr.Jarvik continued the study of the twins into their 70s and 80s,their minds did not generally decline(下降)as was expected.

However,there was some decline in their psycho-motor(精神运动的)speed. This means that it took them longer to accomplish mental tasks than it used to.But when speed was not a factor,they lost very little intellectual (智力的) ability over the years.In general,Dr.Jarvik’s studies have shown that there is no decline in knowledge or reasoning ability.This is true not only into the 30s and 40s,but into the 60s and 70s as well.

As for learning new things,and ability to remember,studies by Dr.Jarvik and others show that the old are equal to the young.It is true that older people themselves often complain that their memory is not as good as it once was.However,much of  what we call“loss of memory”is not that at a11.

In the cases where the older person’s mind really seems to decline,it is not necessarilv a sign of a decay due to becoming old or“senility”.Often it is simply a sign of a depressed emotional state.This depression usually can be got rid of by counseling(咨询)with a psychologist,or medicine which fights depression.

In American society,when an older person loses something,we tend to call him or her“senile”.But notice that when a younger person loses something,he does not blame it on senility or loss of memory.He finds some other excuse!

1.A long-term study of 136 pairs of twins showed that the only factor that declined over the years was  .

A.mental health

B.intellectual ability

C.the amount of knowledge

D.psycho-motor speed

2.According to Dr.Jarvik’s studies,middle-aged and older persons should expect to     .

A.reason better

B.learn fewer new things

C.remember less

D.1ose little ability to remember

3.The word“senility”most likely means       .

A.excellent health

B.weakness in body and mind because of old age

C.occasional forgetfulness

D.giving up one’s life

4.Both younger and older persons should realize that          .

A.a sign of a decay due to old age or“senility’’is a common thing

B.older persons are wiser than younger ones because of different knowledge amount

C.senility or mental decay due to aging is much less common than most of us believe

D.a sign of a depressed emotional state is not a reason of decay

 

So you have been called for an interview---well done?Your effort has been paid off? You will feeI better at the interview if you show an understanding of the nature of the organization.

Ask someone who already does it,or check it with one of the advisers.

Ask a member of your family or a friend to act as the employer and to give you an unreal interview.Be as realistic as possible,answer the questions seriously.Afterwards discuss how it went.Think about how the employer would prefer to see your look.Remember---the majority of employers are over 30.

It is not wise to rush out and buy new clothes.which will be worn for the first time at the interview.You’ll feel more at ease in a familiar dress.

Carelessness in any of these could cost you the job.Arrive at least 15 minutes before time,this will give you a chance to have a look around,read the notice board and get the feel of the place.Being late at the interview produces a bad impression.The first impression that the interviewer gets of you is formed as you walk through the door,so take a couple of deep breaths.

Be ready to shake hands if the interviewer offers.

Don’t take a seat until asked.Then sit comfortably.

Make eye contact  when you are greeted and again if you shake hands.And during questioning,eye contact is a form of non-verbal greeting.

Remember the interviewer’s name and use it from time to time.

Be ready for the question “Is there anything you want to ask?” Before the interview you should get ready for two or three such questions.Look on these not just as a chance to get information but as a means to give your employer a better impression.Asking can show knowledge but avoid asking about holidays,pensions(养老金)and so on.It looks as if you are tired even before you begin.You can check on these later,when the hope for job is offered.

And if you fail, look upon the interview as an experience in itself.Learn from it.We wish you good luck and good job hunting.

1.Before you go to see the employer,you’d better      .

A.find a dress you have got used to

B.buy some modern shoes,ties,etc.

C.have your hair cut

D.put on your newly-bought clothes

2.What does the phrase“eye contact”means?

A.A kind of greeting without words.

B.Shaking hands with the interviewer.

C.Looking at each other for a long time.

D.A way of getting a desirable job.

3.People usually do the following things before a job interview.Which is the right order for doing them?

a.Asking a friend to give you an unreal interview.

b.Understanding the nature of the organization.

c.Paying attention to your clothes.

d.Arriving at the place of the interview ahead of time.

e.Getting some information from the advisers.

A.a—e—b—c—d

B.d—c—b—a—e

C.b—e—a—c—d

D.e—d—a—b—c

4.Why do you prepare yourself for some Is--there·-anything·-you·-want--to-say questions?

A.To give the employer more information.

B.To get information about holiday and pension.

C.To impress the employer better and get further information from the company as well.

D.To show that you are the most knowledgeable.

 

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