In Washington D.C., 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is a very special address. It is the address of the White House, the home of the president of the United States.
Originally the White House was gray and was called the presidential Palace. It was built from 1792 to 1800. At this time, the city of Washington itself was being built. It was to be the nation’s new capital city. George Washington, the first president, and Pierre Charles L'Enfant, a French engineer, chose the place for the new city. L'Enfant then planned the city. The president's home was an important part of the plan.
A contest was held to pick a design for the president's home. An architect named James Hoban won. He designed a large three-story house of gray stone.
President Washington never lived in the Presidential Palace. The first president to live there was John Adams, the second president of the United States, and his wife Mrs.Adams did not really like her new house. In her letters, she often complained about the cold. Fifty fireplaces were not enough to keep the house warm.
In 1812 the United States and Britain went to war. In 1814 the British invaded Washington. They burned many buildings, including the Presidential Palace.
After the war James Hoban, the original architect, partially rebuilt the president’s home. To cover the marks of the fire, the building was painted white. Before long it became known as the White House.
The White House is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the United States. Every year more than 1.5 million visitors go through the five rooms that are open to the public.
【小题1】The White House was built in Washington_____.
| A．because a French engineer was invited to design it |
| B．because President George Washington liked to live in it |
| C．because the British invaders lived in it in1812-1814 |
| D．because it was to be the nation’s capital city |
| A．built by the American army | B．built by the British troops |
| C．planed by George Washington | D．planned by the French |
| A．because John Adams’ wife did not like it |
| B．because it was cold in winter even with 50 fireplace |
| C．because it had been burned down during the war |
| D．because George Washington was not willing to live in it |
A. cover the marks of fire B. attract tourist from France
D. to please Mrs. John Adams D. keep it warm in winter
TOKYO— At first glance, Japanese cellphones are young people’s favorites, with elegant design and quick access to the Internet. However, despite years of competition in overseas markets, Japan’s cellphone makers have little presence beyond the country’s shores.
The only Japanese cellphone maker with any meaningful global share is Sony Ericsson, and that company is a London-based joint venture(合资企业)between a Japanese electronics maker and a Swedish telecommunications firm.
And Sony Ericsson has been hit by big losses. Its market share was just 6.3 percent in the first quarter of 2009, behind Nokia of Finland, Samsung Electronics and LG of South Korea, and Motorola of Illinois.
This year, Mr Natsuno, who developed a popular wireless Internet service called i-Mode, invited some of the best minds in the field to debate how Japanese cellphones could go global.
“The most amazing thing about Japan is that even the average person out there will have a very advanced phone, ”said Mr Natsuno. Japan has 100 million users of advanced third-generation smart phones, twice the number of the United States, a much larger market. Many Japanese rely on their phones, not a PC, for Internet access.
Indeed, Japanese cellphone makers thought they had positioned themselves to dominate（支配）the age of digital data. But they were a little too clever. In the 1990s, they set a standard for the second-generation network that was refused everywhere else. Then Japan quickly adopted a third-generation standard in 2001. However, it made Japanese phones too advanced for most markets.
Several Japanese companies are now considering a push into overseas markets, including NEC. Panasonic, Sharp, Toshiba and Fujitsu are said to be planning similar moves.
“Japanese cellphone makers need to either look overseas, or exit the business”, said Kenshi Tazaki, a managing vice president at the consulting firm Gartner Japan.
【小题1】Through the first paragraph, the author intends to tell us that___________.
| A．Japanese cellphones are popular with young people |
| B．Japanese cellphones don’t sell well abroad |
| C．Japanese cellphones are very advanced |
| D．Japanese cellphones are specially designed for young people |
| A．Japan | B．America | C．South Korea | D．Finland |
| A．Because their technical standards are too advanced to be accepted overseas. |
| B．Because they only produce advanced cellphones. |
| C．Because they used the second-generation network earlier than others. |
| D．Because their phones are more advanced than PCs. |
| A．Japanese cellphone companies are unsuccessful. |
| B．Japan has more cellphone users than the US. |
| C．Japanese cellphone industry intends to expand overseas markets. |
| D．Going global—a difficult task for Japanese companies. |
China may be the world's most populous country ,and it won the most gold medals at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. But its prowess at soccer is lamentable. China is ranked 84th in the sport's world standing.
Chinese are huge soccer fans, and hundreds of millions are expected to tune in to the World Cup, with all the matches broadcast live on public TV. But this time the Chinese don't have their own team to root for.
"Chinese have a reputation of being good at math, but they have trouble explaining why a population of 1.3 billion cannot produce a winning 11-member soccer team," said Xu Guoqi, a history professor at the University of Hong Kong. Journalists and soccer fans offer a number of reasons, most often money issues, politics, corruption（腐败）and culture, and sometimes a combination of the four.
Even though China now boasts wealthy companies and individuals who could sponsor（赞助） teams, there is little support as long as Chinese teams are perceived as perennial losers. "This is a very bad circle," Ma said. "No results, no money. No money, no results."
Few Chinese children are playing soccer. Some sports journalists and fans attribute the lack of interest partly to schools de-emphasizing sports in general and the lack of playing venues in the country's dense urban areas. "What can Chinese kids do?” said Fan Huiming, 61, a Chinese soccer fan who grew up watching matches at Beijing's Workers' Stadium, which was built in 1958 near his childhood home. "If they play soccer, the ball may fly directly into the glass of someone's home."
For young people, soccer has largely been eclipsed by basketball, thanks in part to Chinese NBA players who are treated like rock stars. Journalists and fans say NBA's aggressive campaign of marketing and merchandise in China has helped swell the popularity of basketball. By comparison, they noted that international soccer does not even have an office in China.
Rowan Simons, a Briton who came to China more than two decades ago and discovered he wasn't able to play weekend soccer, has been on a campaign to popularize the sport here. Simons said the main problem is that soccer elsewhere has traditionally started as a series of neighborhood clubs, but in China, "there's virtually no football at community level".
"Football in China can only succeed if it's a grass-roots activity organized by the people," he said.
【小题1】This time the Chinese don't have their own team to root for in the World Cup because__________.
| A．China is ranked 84th in soccer 's world standing. |
| B．they are angry about why China cannot produce a winning soccer team. |
| C．the Chinese huge soccer fans support other soccer teams. |
| D．the Chinese soccer team is not capable to go as far as the final part of the World Cup. |
A.No results, no money. No money, no results.
B.If the footballs fly directly into the glass of someone's home,they’ll be criticised.
C there is little support from wealthy companies and individuals sponsoring teams.
D.schools don’t pay much attention on sports and they lack playing venues in dense urban areas.
【小题3】The underlined word“eclipsed”in the six paragraph can be replaced by .
| A．occupied. | B．beaten. | C．led. | D．compared. |
| A．NBA players are more popular than soccer players in China. |
| B．The future of Chinese football is rather promising. |
| C．Chinese football should get into the life of ordinary people to survive. |
| D．Grass-roots Chinese football players can be popular . |
A long time ago, before there was any money (coins or paper money), people got the things that they needed by trading or exchanging. Salt was one of the first items used to exchange for other items. Later, some of the common things that were used for exchanging were tea leaves, shells, feathers, animal teeth, tobacco, and blankets. Around 3000 BC, barley, a type of grain, was used for exchanging.
The world’s first metal money was developed by the Sumerians who melted silver into small bars all weighing the same. This was around 1000 BC. About three hundred years later, people started using coins as official money.
Around 640 BC, people in the ancient kingdom of Lydia ( which was in Turkey) created special coins of exact with and purity (纯度). They were made of gold and silver and were stamped with a lion’s head.
Later, other empires such as Greece, Persia, and Rome adopted the concept of coins and started developing their own in many different shapes and different metals.
Around the year 1000, the Chinese started using paper money. The Chinese were the first to use paper money. The Europeans discovered this thanks to Marco Polo who went to China in 1295. the Chinese had different values for the paper notes which were made by the Chinese government.
Around 1661, Sweden became the first European country to make paper money. Until 1850, the Spanish dollar was the coin most widely used throughout the world.
【小题1】What is the best title for this passage?
| A． The history of money |
| B． How people traded in the past |
| C． The invention of paper money |
| D． The use of coins around the world |
| A． barley had always been used for exchanging |
| B． only a few people knew how to trade with others |
| C． salt was the most widely used item for exchanging |
| D． many kinds of things were used for exchanging |
A. Around 1300 BC. B. Around 1000 BC.
C. Around 700 BC. D. Around 640 BC.
【小题4】The underlined word “adopted” in Paragraph 4 probably means “____”.
| A． replaced | B． changed |
| C． accepted | D． invented |
| A．Spain | B．China | C．Sweden | D．Lydia |
There was one shop in the town of Mufulira which was widely known for its racial discrimination. It was a drugstore .While Europeans were served at the counter ,a long line of Africans queued at the window and often not only were kept waiting but were treated rudely by the shop assistants .One day I was determined to make a public protest （抗议）against this kind of thing ,and many of the schoolboys in my class followed me to the store.
I simply went into the shop and asked the manager politely for some medicine. As soon as he saw me standing in the place where only European customers were allowed to stand ,he shouted at me in a bastard （怪声怪气的）language which is only used by a boss when speaking to his servants .I stood at the counter and politely requested in proper English that I should be served .The manager became angry and said , “Even if you stand till Christmas ,I will never serve you .”
I went to the District Commissioner’s office .Fortunately ,he was out ,for he was one of the old school; however ,I saw a young District Officer who was a friend of mine .He was very concerned to hear my story and told me that all I had to do was come to him personally and he would buy my medicine for me .I protested that that was not good enough .I asked him to accompany me back to the store and to make a protest to the manager .This he did ,and I well remember him saying to the manager , “Here is Mr. Kaunda who is a responsible member of the Urban Advisory Council, and you treat him like a common servant .” The manager of the drugstore apologized and said , “If only he had introduced himself and explained who he was ,then ,of course ,I should have given him proper service.”
I had to explain once again that he had missed my point .Why should I have to introduce myself every time I went into a store…any more than I should have to buy my medicine by going to a European friend ? I want to prove that any man of any color ,whatever his position ,should have the right to go into any shop and buy what he wanted .After all, the money which I paid across the counter was exactly the same money as was paid by a European customer.
【小题1】The writer was ,at the time of the story , .
| A．a European officer | B．an African servant |
| C．a drugstore assistant | D．a black school teacher |
| A．he could not speak English in a polite way |
| B．he thought the writer couldn’t understand English |
| C．that was the language he used when speaking to Africans |
| D．that was the only language he could speak when he was angry |
A．he stuck to those old racial ideas
B．he graduated from an old white school
C．he was in charge of an old black school
【小题4】Why didn’t the writer wait at the window of the drugstore like other Africans?
| A．He believed his white friends would help him out . |
| B．He wanted to fight for equal rights of all black people. |
| C．He thought he was educated and should be treated differently. |
| D．He thought ,being an important person ,he should not be kept waiting. |
