There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers (梦游者). People have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, write music, walk through windows, and do murder in their sleep.

       In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen searched for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had got there.

       At the University of Lowa, WWW.K**S*858$$U.COMa student was reported to have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night and walking three-quarters of a mile to the Lowa River. He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.

       An American expert on sleep claims (声称) that he has never seen a sleepwalker. He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man, and during the last thirty-five years he has lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. He says, “Of course, I know that there are sleepwalkers because I have read about them in the newspapers. But none of my sleepers ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, I doubt whether I would get many takers (应征者).”

       Sleepwalking, however, is a scientific reality. It is one of those strange things that sometimes look quite fantastic (怪诞的). Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more common than is generally supposed. Many sleepwalkers do not try to find help and their sleepwalking is never recorded.

61. Generally speaking, sleepwalkers are people who ________.

      A. climb on roofs                                B. walk through windows

       C. do fantastic things during their sleep                      D. walk in a half-awake state

62. It was reported that a boy ________.

      A. was found on a strange sofa, telling how he had got there

       B. slept in his own room but woke up in a strange room

       C. lost his way five hours after he left home

       D. was searched for by policemen when he lost his way

63. There was a college student who got into the habit of ________.

      A. getting up in the middle of the night and walking down to the river

       B. walking three-quarters of a mile every day

       C. swimming in the Lowa River before going to bed

       D. walking about before he went to bed

64. Why do people think sleepwalking is nothing but a fantastic thing which doesn’t have any explanation?

      A. It is so common that it needn’t be recorded.

       B. Scientists take no interest in it.

       C. Most sleepwalkers do not seek help for their problem.

       D. No records about it have been made.

 LEEDS, England-A Leeds University psychology professor is teaching a course to help dozens of people forgive their enemies.

“The hatred (憎恨) we hold within us is a cancer,”Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.

More than 70 people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London—a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.

These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian-born Hart.

The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every two weeks.

The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hatred in these people.“People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said.“People confuse（把……混同）forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one”.

Hart and his team have made instructions to provide the training needed.

“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes toward the person you are angry with,”said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project. Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people“want to get free of the past”.

67. From this passage we know that       .

      A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hatred

       B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors

       C. without hatred, people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart

       D. people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies

68. If you are angry with somebody, you should       .

      A. try your best to defeat him or her

       B. never meet him or her again

       C. persuade him or her to have a talk with you

       D. relax yourself by not thinking of him or her any more

69. In Hart’s first 20-week workshop, people there can      .

      A. meet their enemies              B. change their minds

       C. enjoy the professor’s speech        D. learn how to quarrel with others

70. If you are a member in Hart’s workshop, you’ll       .

      A. pay much money to Hart         B. go to the workshop every night

C. attend a gathering twice a month          D. pour out everything stored in your mind

What science fiction once told of other worlds far away is now a fact. Astronomers prove another solar system like ours with some planets in the constellation (星座) Andromeda ( 仙女座).

Geoffrey Marcy is a professor of astronomy and physics at San Francisco State University and says, “What we have found now, for the first time ever, is indeed a fully-grown system of planets around the star Upsilon Andromeda. It appears to have three planets, one close in, one at a middle distance, and one farther out.” The star is slightly larger than our sun. The planets are huge, like our Jupiter(木星)

Marcy’s partner in this research, Debra Fischer, describes the solar system, “Here’s the inner planet that goes around every 46 days, the middle planet that goes around every 242 days, and then the outer planet that goes around every three and a half to four years.”

Astronomically, it’s not far away, 44 light years. The sun of that solar system, Upsilon Andromeda, is so near and bright that it can be seen by using no equipment during summer and fall.

For twelve years astronomers searched the skies in the belief that if our sun has planets around it, surely others do, too. Geoffrey Marcy says, “And then starting three and a half years ago, we began finding for the first time planets singly, one planet here around one star.”

“When I look up at the stars now at night, I can imagine easily that every one of them has planets around them,” says Debra Fischer.

It was a tremble in the star that led Marcy to the planets. “The star rocks around due to the gravity of the planet much like a dog owner gets pulled around by a little dog.”

Can they support life? We don’t know, because present technology is not advanced enough to determine what the planets are made of. “That,” Marcy says , “is astronomy’s next challenge.”

64. What’s the relation between Andromeda (A), Upsilon Andromeda system (U) and the mentioned planets (P) ?

65. According to Debra Fischer, in the new solar system, ________.

   A. the larger a planet is, the shorter it takes to go around the star.

   B. it takes all the planets around three and a half to four years to go around the star

   C. the planets move around the star at uneven speeds

   D. the farther a planet is from the star, the longer it takes to go around the star

66. What led to Marcy’s discovery of the planets?

   A. The tremble of Upsilon Andromeda.     

B. That any planet has gravity.

C. That he believes any star has its planets.  

D. that he found a dog owner was pulled by his dog.

67. We can infer that the scientists are           .

   A. to find means to communicate with the living beings on the planets

   B. to find means to travel to the planets

   C. soon to be able to answer the question of whether there is life on these planets

   D. to find out whether the planets can support life.

For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages.

Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to listen to signals from about 1,000 stars, all within 100 light years of earth. In addition, they will scan the entire sky to “listen” for radio messages from more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time. Scientists are looking for any signal that stands out from the background noise.

Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy (银河星系), scientists find that 5% are like our sun. Perhaps half of them have a planet like earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the star for temperatures to be right for the evolution (进化) of life. Based on the inhabitable (that can be lived in) planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more of these planets support some life.

However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent (智能的) life exists on other planets. Some believe that twenty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.

Other scientists believe that our search hasn’t been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life exists in our galaxy. Although our sun family is only about five billion years old, our galaxy is about 20 billion years old. In that time, some scientists think it is likely that civilization much more advanced than ours have developed. Perhaps these civilizations send us no signals; perhaps we have not recognized the signals they have sent us. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep looking.

68. According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable?

A. 5 billion．　　 B. 10 billion.　　         C. 15 billion.　　         D. 200 billion

69. The first paragraph in this passage is mainly about ________ .

A. how scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

B. why scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

C. where scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

D. when scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

70. Which of these statements is True based on the information in the passage?

A. The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.

B. Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.

C. Scientists don’t believe that there might be life on other planets.

D. Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets.

In a surprising discovery about where higher life can survive, scientists have found a shrimp —— like creature and a jellyfish swimming beneath an Antarctic ice sheet.

About 180 meters below the ice where no light can get through, scientists had thought nothing much more than a few microbes (微生物) could exist.

That’s why a NASA team was surprised when they lowered a video camera to get the first long look at the underbelly of an ice sheet in Antarctica. A curious shrimp – like creature came swimming by and then parked itself on the camera’s cable. Scientists also pulled up a tentacle (触须) they believe came from a jellyfish.

“We were operating on the presumption that nothing’s there.” Said NASA ice scientist Robert Bindschadler. “It was a shrimp you’d enjoy having on your plate.”

“We were just gaga (狂热的) over it,” he said of the 7.5cm long, orange creature starring in their two – minute video. Technically, it’s not a shrimp. It’s a Lyssianasid amphipod, which is distantly related to the shrimp.

The video is likely to inspire experts to rethink what they know about life in harsh environments. And it has scientists thinking that if shrimp – like creatures can live below 180 meters of Antarctic ice in freezing dark water, what about other cold places? What about Europa, a frozen moon of Jupiter?

Cynan Ellis – Evans, a scientist of the British Antarctic Survey called the finding fascinating. He said it was possible the creatures swam in from far away and don’t live there permanently.

But Kim, who is a co-author of the study, doubts it. “The site in West Antarctica is at least 19 km from open seas. Bindschadler drilled a 20 cm – wide hole and was looking at a tiny amount of water. That means it’s unlikely that two creatures swam from great distances and were captured randomly in that small of an area,” she said.

Yet scientist were puzzled at what the food source would be for these creatures. While some microbes can make their own food out of chemicals in the ocean, complex life like the shrimp can’t, Kim said.

“So how do they survive? That’s the key question.” Kim Sai.

“It’s pretty amazing when you find a huge puzzle like that on a planet where we thought we know everything.” Kim said.

59. What does the underlined word “harsh” probably mean?

A. cold           B. loud          C. cruel           D. ugly

60. According to Kim, the shrimp – like creature        .

A. swam great distances to Antarctic     B. has always lived in the region

C. gradually evolved from shrimps       D. has nothing in common with shrimps

61. The finding is significant in that           .

A. it marks NASA’S first Antarctic biological study

B. it proves there is marine life in the Antarctic

C. it could inspire further study of life in harsh environments

D. it shows that Lyssianasid amphipod is closely related to shrimps

62. Which of the following statements about the discovery is FALSE?

A. Complex life usually lives on other forms of life.

B. Scientists saw two creatures in the two – minute video.

C. It is possible for creatures to live 180 meters below the ice though there is no light.

D. Scientists captured the shrimp – like creature in a camera by drilling a hole through the ice.

In meditation（冥想），people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath. As they breathe in and out, they attend to their feelings. As thoughts go through their minds, they let them go. Breathe. Let go. Breathe. Let go.

According to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, three months of training in this kind of meditation causes a marked change in how the brain allocates attention. It appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people at catching such fast-changing stimuli, like facial expressions.

The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice, everything from driving to playing the piano. The study has shown that meditation is good for the brain. It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of well-being.

In an experiment, 17 volunteers with no meditation experience in the experimental group spent three months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day. A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for 20 minutes a day over the same period. Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group of letters. As both group looked for the numbers, their brain activity was recorded.

Everyone could catch the first number. But the brain recordings showed that the less experienced mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it, so they missed the second number. Those with more experience gave less attention to the first number as if letting it go, which led to an increased ability to grasp the second number. This shows that attention can change with practice.

Just ask Daniel Levision, who meditated for three months as part of the study.” I am a much better listener,” he said. “I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are saying.”

56. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A. feelings         B. minds         C. people        D. thoughts

57. Meditations manage their daily tasks better because they ________.

A. are given less pressure                    B. allocate their attention better

C. have more stimuli for life                 D. practice them more frequently

58. The study proves that ________.

A. meditation improves one’s health          B. brain activity can be recorded

C. human attention can be trained            D. mediators have a good sense of hearing

If you gaze（凝视）through a telescope at a distant galaxy（星系）, it may glow brightly with the light of hundreds of millions of stars. Despite（尽管，不顾） all that light, most scientists think that at the center of a big galaxy lies something very dark: a black hole. A black hole is a region of space with gravity so strong that nothing can escape, not even light.

Astronomers recently announced they had observed a faraway galaxy that may have at its center two black holes, very close together. Based on their observations, the stargazers suspect one of the black holes has more mass than the other. The more mass something has, the stronger its gravitational force, so a larger black hole has a stronger gravitational attraction. The smaller black hole orbits（作轨道运行） the larger black hole, just as the earth orbits the sun.

The biggest galaxies in the universe form when two smaller galaxies collide（碰撞）. If  two galaxies merge（合并）, then all of their stars start orbiting a common center. The black holes at the galaxies’ centers should come together, too. Galaxies are colliding all the time, so we should be able to find lots of black hole pairs. But that’s easier said than done—astronomers rarely find these in deep space.

To find a black hole is complicated. A black hole doesn’t produce any light, so how can you find one in space? Astronomers think when something (like dust) falls into a giant black hole, a jet of radiation, a form of energy, may stream away. If this radiation is strong enough, it forms a quasar（类星体）.

The Arizona astronomers looked at more than 17,000 quasars and finally found a galaxy that may have a double black hole at its heart. Though the finding of their research is still unconfirmed, and they may be mistaken, the truth will be revealed in the future.

63. Which of the following is TRUE about black holes?

A. A black hole is a region in galaxies with nothing in it, even a bunch of light.

B. Black holes are used by astronomers to study how quasars come into being.

C. When different galaxies meet in space, the black holes become bigger and bigger

D. Some scientists think there’s one black hole in a galaxy, but others think there’re two.

64. From the second paragraph we can infer that ________.

A. a larger black hole pushes a smaller black hole away

B. a larger black hole pulls a smaller black hole toward it

C. the places of black holes are fixed, so we can see them clearly

D. a smaller black hole moves around a larger one because of radiation

65. According to the passage, astronomers think that there should be many black hole pairs because____________.

A. a black hole can produce light

B. black holes can attract one another

C. different black hole pairs come into being with the meeting of galaxies.

D. a big black hole can usually be divided into two small black holes

Shedding tears(流泪) is a natural way of making us feel more comfortable．When our eyes are made uncomfortable by some small pieces of pollution, or when we are cutting onions, or when we are exhausted(精疲力竭; 疲劳) and have “red-eyes” from overwork and late hours, tears form in our eyes to clean and refresh them．

Tears are also a sign of strong emotion．We cry when we are sad and we cry when we are happy．

And tears seem to be uniquely (惟独) human．We know that animals also experience emotion ——fear, pleasure, loneliness——but they do not shed (流) tears．From this, we can conclude that tears are closely related to the emotional and biological make-up(结构；组成) of the human species．

Biologically speaking, tears are actually drops of saline fluid, which is a little bit salty, produced by a gland (腺) in the body．Because salt is an important component, tears may actually constitute the most conclusive evidence that the human animal is the end product of a long evolutionary process that began in the sea．

And it is clear that, in addition to (除了) the emotional benefits (好处), the shedding of tears has a specific biological function as well．Through tears, we can eliminate from our body certain chemicals which build up in response to stress and create a chemical imbalance(不平衡) in the body．Crying actually makes us feel better by correcting that imbalance and making us feel good again．And thus the emotional and biological functions of tears merge (合并) into one and make us even more “human” than we would otherwise be．

60、According to the passage, human beings may have originated (起源于) in     ．

A. the sea                 B. the salt      C. chemicals    D. animals

61、Which of the following is NOT a function of tears?

A. Biological    B. Emotional    C. Political           D. Chemical

62、The underlined word “eliminate” probably mean     ．

A. add            B. produce      C. replace   D. remove

63、Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. Tears are a sign of strong emotion．

B. Tears are always making us feel more comfortable．

C. Tears are uniquely human．

D. Tears have certain biological function．

Shedding tears(流泪) is a natural way of making us feel more comfortable．When our eyes are made uncomfortable by some small pieces of pollution, or when we are cutting onions, or when we are exhausted(精疲力竭; 疲劳) and have “red-eyes” from overwork and late hours, tears form in our eyes to clean and refresh them．

Tears are also a sign of strong emotion．We cry when we are sad and we cry when we are happy．

And tears seem to be uniquely (惟独) human．We know that animals also experience emotion ——fear, pleasure, loneliness——but they do not shed (流) tears．From this, we can conclude that tears are closely related to the emotional and biological make-up(结构；组成) of the human species．

Biologically speaking, tears are actually drops of saline fluid, which is a little bit salty, produced by a gland (腺) in the body．Because salt is an important component, tears may actually constitute the most conclusive evidence that the human animal is the end product of a long evolutionary process that began in the sea．

And it is clear that, in addition to (除了) the emotional benefits (好处), the shedding of tears has a specific biological function as well．Through tears, we can eliminate from our body certain chemicals which build up in response to stress and create a chemical imbalance(不平衡) in the body．Crying actually makes us feel better by correcting that imbalance and making us feel good again．And thus the emotional and biological functions of tears merge (合并) into one and make us even more “human” than we would otherwise be．

60、According to the passage, human beings may have originated (起源于) in     ．

A. the sea                 B. the salt      C. chemicals    D. animals

61、Which of the following is NOT a function of tears?

A. Biological    B. Emotional    C. Political           D. Chemical

62、The underlined word “eliminate” probably mean     ．

A. add            B. produce      C. replace   D. remove

63、Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. Tears are a sign of strong emotion．

B. Tears are always making us feel more comfortable．

C. Tears are uniquely human．

D. Tears have certain biological function．

What’s that smell? Do you hear that noise? Taste this! Look at me! Feel this, isn’t it soft? When you hear, or even use these phrases, you probably don’t stop to think about why we use them. Well, it’s because of our senses. Without us even knowing, our sense organs (nose, eyes, ears, tongue, and skin) are taking in information and sending it to the brain for processing. If we didn’t have them, we would not be able to smell, see, hear, taste, or touch anything!

Senses are the physical means by which all living things see, hear, smell, taste, and touch. Each sense collects information about the world and detects changes within the body. Both people and animals get all of their knowledge from their senses, and that is why senses are so important.

All senses depend on the working nerve system. Our sense organs start to work when something stimulates（刺激） special nerve cells, called receptors, in a sense organ. Once stimulated, the receptors send nerve impulses along sensory nerves to the brain. Your brain then tells you what to do. For example, your sound receptors are often attacked by billions of sound waves. When these signals reach the part of the brain called the cerebral cortex（大脑皮层）, we become conscious of the sounds.

Our group really learned a lot about the senses while creating this website. We hope that you are able to get just as much out of it. Please feel free to comment about anything on the site by e-mailing us. Also, don’t forget to sign the guest book! Thanks for visiting our site. Come back soon!

60. This article is most probably taken from a _____.

A. newspaper              B. magazine                 C. website                  D. novel

61. Senses are very important because _____.

A. both people and animals get all of their knowledge from them

B. they are used to communicate with others

C. they can prevent the organs from being attacked

D. they can tell you what the stimulus is

62. Which of the following tells you what stimulate you?

A. The nerve cell.       B. The receptor.           C. The nerve impulse.   D. The brain.

63. According to this article, the following are all functions of the senses, EXCEPT _____.

A. collecting information about the world  

B. detecting changes within the body

C. sending nerve impulses to the brain 

D. serving the brain when needed