Forever Young

  It's Girls Night Out: Mom Edition, and I'm a player in a whole new game. It occurs to me that I really don't know these 1 women. We've been circling 2 for about three years, ever since our kids started 3 .We'd bump into each other in the parking 4 ,at Valentine's Day parties, and later as one or the other shyly 5 we all sign our kids up for softball, gymnastics or dance. Who knows 6 the five of us clumped together more than 7 of us clumped with other mothers. I suppose it happens 8 ,friendship circles spiraling in and around and about and anew.

This is the 9 time we've gathered without the kids, and I am having a 10 time saying “Janice”, as opposed to “Zoe's mom” or “Susan”, 11  “Kaitlin's mom”, and so I have decided, for tonight, not to 12 any names at all.

The 13 has already taken our drink order. I can't believe nobody 14 beer. Nope, this is a Diet Coke and iced tea crowd.  In the back of my mind I'm 15 if I'm going to be the naughty 16 who corrupts this group.

There is so much 17 to take care of when you are just getting to 18 people as people. One of the things we are doing is 19 dates, the years that each of us 20 from this or that. I see where this is going.

1.A.five                      B.three                   C.Four                   D.two

2.A.each other             B.one another          C.all of us               D.some of us

3.A.primary school      B.university            C.high school          D.preschool

1,3,5

 
4.A.lot                        B.Station                C.line                     D.square

5.A.said                      B.suggested            C.informed             D.found

6.A.what                     B.that                     C.how                    D.why

7.A.some                    B.none                   C.any                     D.all

8.A.all the time            B.all of a sudden      C.at the same time   D.once and for all

9.A.last                       B.first                    C.Usual                  D.only

10.A.spare                  B.good                   C.difficult               D.pleasant

11.A.instead of            B.as well as            C.in case of            D.in the name of

12.A.call                     B.use                     C.forget                 D.tell

13.A.kid                      B.mother                C.Friend                 D.waitress

14.A.brought               B.liked                    C.ordered               D.drank

15.A.wondering           B.fearing                C.Speaking             D.asking

16.A.girl                     B.mother                C.One                    D.kid

17.A.trouble                B.business              C.time                    D.food

18.A.regard                 B.name                   C.Find                    D.know

19.A.comparing           B.making                C.Deciding             D.discussing

20.A.came           B.changed               C.graduated        D.got

  Ever since news of widespread food recalls caused by a carcinogenic dye broke, there has been confusion(混淆) over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection whatever.

Sudan1 is a red industrial dye that has been found in some chili powder, but was banned in food products across the European Union (EU) in July 2003.

Since the ban was put in place, EU officials have been striving to remove some food products from the shelves. So far 580 products have been recalled.

Last week Sudan's Embassy in the United Kingdom asked the Food Standards Agency (FSA) for clarification of the origin of the dye's name.

Omaima Mahmoud Al Sharief, a press official at Sudan's Embassy in China, explained the purpose of the inquiry was to clear up any misunderstanding over links between the country and the poisonous dye.

“We want to keep an eye on every detail and avoid any misunderstanding there,” she said. “Our embassy to Britain asked them how the dye got that name and whether the dye had something to do with our country. But they told us there was no relationship.”

The FSA, an independent food security watchdog in Britain, received a letter from the Sudanese embassy last week.

“They asked us why the dye is named Sudan, however, we also do not know how it got the name,” she said. “People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any explanation before we find out.” Sudan dyes, which include Sudan1 to 4,are red dyes used for coloring solvents(溶剂),oils, waxes, petrol, shoe and floor polishes. They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

1.What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph One?

       A.Causing cancer.                                   B.Having side effect.

       C.Containing poison.                               D.Poisonous.

2.How did the Sudan1 get its name?

       A.The dye is often produced in Sudan.

       B.The dye has something to do with the country named Sudan.

       C.Nobody is sure of the origin of the name.

       D.Many foods produced in Sudan contain the dye.

3.We can infer from the passage that _______.

       A.the Sudan government is paying much attention to the food safety

       B.Sudan1 is often used to be added to the food

       C.people didn't realize the danger of Sudan1 until 2003

       D.many food shops will be closed down

4.Which of the following is the best title?

       A.Keep away from Sudan1

       B.No Sudan1 dye links to the country

       C.How Sudan1 dye got its name

       D.Pay attention to the food safety

Jane Austen, a famous English writer, was born at Steventon, Hampshire, on December 16,1775,and died on July 18,1817.She began writing early in life, although the prejudices of her times forced her to have her books published anonymously(匿名).

But Jane Austen is perhaps the best known and best loved of Bath's many famous local people and visitors. She paid two long visits here during the last five years of the eighteenth century and from 1801 to 1806,Bath was her home. Her deep knowledge of the city is fully seen in two of her novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, which are largely set in Bath. The city is still very much as Jane Austen knew it, keeping in its streets and public buildings the well-ordered world that she described so well in her novels. Now the pleasure of learning Jane Austen's Bath can be enhanced (增强)by visiting the Jane Austen Centre in Gay Street. Here, in a Georgian town house in the heart of the city, you can find out more about Bath in Jane Austen's time and the importance of Bath in her life and work.

The Centre has been set up with the help and guidance of members of the Jane Austen Society. After your visit to the Centre, you can look round the attractive shop, which offers a huge collection of Jane Austen related books, cards and many specially designed gifts. Jane Austen quizzes are offered to keep the children busy.

You can also have walking tours of Jane Austen's Bath, which is a great way to find out more about Jane Austen and discover the wonderful Georgian city of Bath. The tour lasts about one and a half hours. The experienced guides will take you to the places where Jane lived, walked and shopped.

1.Jane Austen paid two long visits to Bath _______.

       A.in her early twenties                             B.in her early teens

       C.in her late twenties                               D.in her late teens

2.What can we learn about Bath from the passage?

       A.Bath has greatly changed since Jane Austen's death.

       B.The city has changed as much as Jane Austen knew it.

       C.Bath remains almost the same as in Jane Austen's time.

       D.No changes have taken place in Bath since Jane Austen's time.

3.The author writes this passage in order to_______.

       A.attract readers to visit the city of Bath

       B.ask readers to buy Austen's books

       C.tell readers about Jane Austen's experience

       D.give a brief introduction to the Jane Austen Society

4.It takes you about one and a half hours_______.

       A.to get to the Jane Austen Centre in Gay Street

       B.to buy Jane Austen related books, cards and gifts

       C.to find a guide to take you to the Centre

       D.to look around the city of Bath on foot

Perhaps you will visit New York one day. You might be a student there. Here is some advice.Get a good map of the city. It will also have subway and bus maps. Remember the Directions-uptown, downtown, east and west. Feel the excitement of New York .Have fun!

NEW YORK CONVENTION AND VISITORS BUREAU

Address: 90 East 42nd Street, N.Y.100017

Telephone: 6871300

TIMES SQUARE INFORMATION CENTER

Address: 43rd Street between Seventh Avenue and Broadway

Telephone: 5938983

TRAVELERS' AID SOCIETY

Address: 204 ast 39th Street, N.Y. 10016(central office)

Telephone: 6790200

TRAVEL INFORMATION: NEW YORK SUBWAYS AND BUSES

Telephone: 330123

OTHER TELEPHONE NUMBERS

The weather: WE 61212.The time: ME 71212

Emergency (Police, Fire, or Ambulance):911 or “0” for operator

A doctor: 8971000

USEFUL BOOK

Seeing  New York; The official MTA Travel Guide, published by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

       A.Introductions and directions

       B.This is New York

       C.Information and advice

       D.Have fun here

2.If you lose your passport in New York, you may probably get help from _______.

       A.CONVENTION AND VISITORS BUREAU

       B.TIMES SQUARE INFORMATION CENTER

       C.USEFUL BOOK

       D.TRAVEL INFORMATION

3.If a visitor wanted to take a train, he could get some help by dialing the number “_______”.     A.8971000   B.3301234       C.WE 61212       D.911 or “0”

For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards(报酬)”,and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early time, had to be directly connected to such basic physiological(生理的) “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except success in sight.

Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and to teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had  had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response(回答) with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “turned on” some lights—and indeed that they were able to learn some more turns to bring about(产生) this result, for example, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side. Papousek's light experiment was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the light closely although they would “smile and speak” when the light was on. Papousek concluded that it was not the sight of the lights which pleased them. It was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and then there is a basic human nature to make sense of the world and bring it under control.

1.According to the writer, babies learn to do things which _______.

       A.will satisfy their surprise                      B.will meet their physical needs

       C.are directly connected to pleasure         D.will bring them a feeling of success

2.Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby _______.

       A.would make learned responses when it saw the milk

       B.would continue the simple movements without being given milk

       C.would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink

       D.would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink

3.In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to _______.

       A.be praised                                           B.please their parents

       C.be rewarded with milk                         D.have the lights turned on

4.The babies would “smile and speak” at the lights because _______.

       A.they succeeded in “turning on” the lights

       B.the sight of lights was interesting

       C.they need not turn back to watch the lights

       D.the lights were directly connected to some basic “drives”

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