Come prepared: When you arrive at a race, your bike should be in race-ready condition.

Chain Management: Chain damage is still the number one problem with mountain bikes. Keeping your chain clean and well-oiled will help, as will frequent chain replacement. Periodic inspection of your chain for wear, stretch and damage may save you a long walk home.

Packing Tape: This can be used for rims trips, boots for fractured tyres and a dozen more makeshift repairs. If you’ve flown to the race, it also saves you from having to borrow tape to close up your bike box for the flight home. Other musts: safety pins and plastic zip ties.

Pre-race: Visual inspections before any serious off-road ride, carefully examine the area where the tyre hooks onto the rim and remove any foreign objects which could cause premature（比预期早的）tire wear.

Tire Pressure: Check tyre pressure before race start. The recommended pressure is noted on the tyre sidewall, usually 40 lbs（磅）, but many racers run 50 lbs, or more for less rolling resistance.

Be Self-Contained: Make sure you are self-contained. Bring your own drinking water, food and first aid kit. Also have tools, spare parts, tubes, quick fills and a chain tool. Never suppose you can just borrow these items from a friend.

Post-race Visual Inspections: Inspect your bike after completing each event, especially before competing in a downhill event. Re-inspect before packing your bike for the trip home.

Have Fun!

1．This passage is written for those who _______.

       A．go in for outdoor activities                    B．love cycling in other places

       C．join in mountain bike races                    D．are preparing for a marathon

2．The writer tends to advise the racers ________.

       A．not to replace chains frequently             B．not to take an extra chain

       C．to bring less for their race                   D．to have higher tyre pressure than noted

3 The passage is organized in order of _______.

       A．importance          B．time                    C．readers’ interest   D．place

4．From the passage we can safely say that _______.

       A．a foreign tyre is a guarantee for the cyclist to win the race

       B．the biggest trouble for the race is that nobody will help you

       C．a downhill event causes more damage to the bike than an uphill one

       D．regular inspection is a must before, during, and even after the race

Almost all penguins (企鹅) swim in cold waters and need a good layer of insulation (隔离), but some species come ashore in hot places. Humboldt penguins, for example, nest in arid hot — 40°C, deserts on the west coast of South America, while others survive the lowest temperatures of any animals. Male Emperor penguins, as we know, spend the Antarctic winters incubating eggs in temperatures that can fall below -70°C．The insulation is provided in layers, under the skin is a thick layer of fat, then there is a layer of downy feathers that trap air, and finally another layer of waterproof feathers that keep the cold water away from the skin. With all this insulation penguins have no problem keeping warm at temperatures down to about -10°C — although they have special adaptations of the circulatory system to keep their feet from freezing and to prevent much heat loss through the feet that are on the ice. At lower temperatures penguins have to huddle (蜷缩) together to keep warm. In such huddles the penguins gradually move from the hot interior to the cold outside so that every penguin has his turn in the middle and on the outside.

In hot climates, penguins suffer greatly from overheating. They use several strategies to lose heat. They puff up their feathers so that air can circulate to their skin; they hold their flippers（脚蹼）out from their bodies and pump hot blood to them so that they can act as radiators; they open their mouths and breathe to lose heat from their hot breath; and those species that live in hot climates also have several bare patches of skin around the eyes and feet, they send blood to these bare patches when they are hot — you can recognize a hot penguin since it will have pink eye patches and pink patches on its feet.

1．Which of the following are the ways for penguins to keep warm?

       a．staying together in good social order

       b．several layers as radiators

       c．a special circulatory system

       d．waterproof feathers

       e．sending blood to bare patches

       f．always staying in the middle

A．a, b, c                 B．a, c, d                 C．b, c, e                 D．c, d, f

2．The insulation consists of _______ layers.

      A．two                    B．three                   C．four                    D．five

3．The underlined “puff up” in the second paragraph can probably be replaced by ______.

       A．breathe deeply      B．blow up               C．hold tight             D．spread out

4．The passage mainly tells us ______.

       A．how penguins stay warm in cold places B．that penguins are clever animals

       C．how penguins keep their temperature     D．why penguins can live a safe life

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误（每行只有一个错误）,则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意:原文没有错的不要改。

Wisemen don’t always act as wise as we think. At times                            1．_________

they maybe done something silly. Because we always think they                 2．________

are well-known, so the stories about their foolish acts are still              3．_________

talked widely through the world in modern times. For example,                  4．_________

Beethoven, the great composer of Austria was said to have insisted           5．_________

on paying a waiter in a restaurant for a dinner he has not eaten or               6．________

ever ordered; the great British physicist Newton, while lives in                   7．_________

London, cut two holes in the two doors of his flat, one big, other small,            8．_________

so as for his two cats to pass through them. He only thought the               9．_________

bigger cat could not get through the smaller holes easily.                           10．_________

从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：have               A．gave                B．save                C．hat                  D．made

       答案是C。

1．dollar               A．warn               B．particular         C．hardly              D．quarter

2．daily                A．mountain         B．Britain              C．rainy               D．certain

3．wishes             A．writes              B．oranges            C．goes                D．divides

4．ocean               A．advance           B．musician          C．notice              D．plastic

5．secretary          A．secret              B．silent               C．toilet                D．seldom

It is generally considered unwise to give a child     he or she wants.

A．however   B．whatever   C．whichever        D．whenever

—I wonder whether the speaker has arrived.

—     , I’ll check at the reception desk.

A．I beg your pardon    B．If you’ll excuse me  C．It doesn’t matter      D．My pleasure

A strong earthquake hit Taiwan recently,     two people and cut cable lines under the sea.

A．killed        B．killing       C．to kill D．kill

Little Franz had hoped to get to school on time but found at the last minute that he couldn’t     .

A．help it      B．make it     C．hope for that    D．get that

—Where      my papers, Mum? And I will hand them in tomorrow.

—Sorry, I don’t know .You didn’t ask me to keep them, did you ?

A．have you put    B．did you put       C．were you putting     D．do you put

—Are there any tickets left?

—Sorry. There are      if       .

A．few ;any B．a few; some     C．some ;few       D．any; some