What should you think about when trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.

Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metalwork or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.

Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.

 

76.What is the passage mainly about? (within 12 words )

_____________________________________________________________________________

77. According to the passage, what can be benefited from doing a part-time job as a student?

(within 15 words )

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

78.The underlined phrase “be all thumbs” (in Paragraph 3) probably means “_________”. (within 10 words )

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

79. What should you recognize instead of being apologetic about your poor school record? (within 15 words )

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

80.After reading this passage, in your real life what should you do faced with your shortcoming,? (within 20 words )

_____________________________________________________________________________

Cities do not appear on the earth randomly, nor do they grow in a random fashion. They develop as the result of a complex interplay of environmental and social factors.

Several factors in the natural environment determine the location of cities. Large cities, for example, are generally not found in inhospitable zones. Most major cities developed from villages and towns that grew up along shorelines, rivers, or railroads. The growth pattern of an urban settlement is also influenced by factors in the natural environment.  For example, mountains must be skirted, lakes must be avoided, and housing and industry must be placed conveniently near water and raw materials.

Social factors also influence the appearance and development of cities. For instance, a city may be established as a result of a political decision : Brazil created the new capital of Brasilia in the midst of the jungle in order to stimulate the economic development there. Ideas about architecture and town planning also influence urban growth patterns. For instance, the pattern of Manhattan is the product of a planning decision made in 1811. Besides, the actual use to which land is put often depends on economic factors, because owners tend to devote their land to the use that gives them the greatest gain.

The location of particular social group is also influenced by ecological factors. Certain kinds of land use , such as parking lots , may quickly generate a disliked area and result in a mass departure of the original inhabitants. The location of the neighborhoods of different groups is thus related to such factors as their relative income and to their feelings of group unity or prejudice against outsiders.

Social inventions such as the automobile and mass transit systems also influence urban patterns. If workers have to walk to their factories every day, their homes must be near the workplace, but if they can drive to work , they can easily live fifteen miles away. If large numbers of the urban labor force move away from the city centre , services and facilities will tend to follow them , perhaps leaving the city centre greatly changed.

 

71. According to the passage , most major cities are

A. located along shorelines, rivers, or railroads

B. located far away from shorelines, rivers , or railroads

C, results of political decisions

D. results of architectural decisions

72.The example that shows the influence of political decisions on the location of a city is the location of

A. Manhattan in New York

B. The new capital of Brasilia of Brazil

C. Los Angles

D. London

73. According to the passage, certain kinds of land use, such as parking lots, may

A. make the original inhabitants happy

B. cause the original inhabitants to move away from an area

C. destroy a town

D. result in ecological disasters in an area

74. It can be inferred from the passage that people of low income

A. tend to live in big cities

B. tend to live in small towns

C. mostly live in city centers

D. are likely to live together

75. According to the passage , the locations of cities are influenced

A. only by a lot of environmental factors

B. only by a lot of social factors

C. by both social and environmental factors

D. only by a lot of ecological factors

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