-----What about _________ supper yesterday?

  -----Well, ________ most delicious one indeed.

   A. /; the                  B. /; a                           C. the; the                    D. the; a

学生上学通常有两种方式：乘公交车与骑自行车。两种方式各有特点。请你以“Going to School by Bus or by Bicycle”为题，按照以下要点写一篇英语短文：

乘公交车：节省时间、节省体力

骑自行车：锻炼身体、灵活方便

我喜欢的方式及理由

注意：词数100～120，文章的题目和开头已给出（不计词数）。

Going to School by Bus or by Bicycle

There are basically two ways to go to school. ______________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

56. The public is f      by the private lives of public figures.

57. By the way, hold the bag in case your son v      .

58. I'm a t      man but your behaviour is more than I can bear. 

59. Our position is l      40 degrees north.

60. They soon overcame the language b      .

61. As soon as she learns the office r      , she will be an excellent assistant.

62. He is an a      on international law.

63. In such a d      situation I have to weigh my words.

64. As a grown-up, can’t you behave in a m      way?

65. Nowadays there are lots of p      editions of popular novels.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

 A Plastic Australia

Did you know Australia uses around four billion plastic check-out bags a year? If you tied all of them together, it would create a chain long enough to go around the world 25 times! And that's only Australia---globally hundreds of billions are used! Only a small number are recycled, so where do the rest end up?

    53    

Environmentalists reckon thousands of birds and marine animals die each year because they swallow the plastic or get caught up in it. In 2000, a whale died on a beach in Queensland---6 metres of plastic was found in its tummy.

    54      But why? What are they made of that makes them so bad?

Well, when fossil fuels like oil and coal are processed, a gas is produced that can be made into polyethylene---which is plastic! It’s turned into all sorts of products.

What’s so bad about it? Well during the process harmful green house gases are emitted. Any polyethylene, or plastic, takes hundreds of years to be destroyed.     55    

So is there an alternative to plastic bags? We haven’t always used them---back in the 60s it was paper bags and boxes. And now reusable and biodegradable bags have been introduced. But some people reckon the biodegradable ones aren't up to the job and they're more expensive to make.

So what's the solution?

Government ministers met recently to talk about it, but no one could agree. South Australia has decided to go it alone and ban the bags from next year. Victoria is going to trial a program where people pay up to 25 cents for each bag. But some people reckon that's not fair because groceries are already expensive. Others reckon it won't work anyway because lazy shoppers will just pay the extra.

It’s a big debate. The Government will hold another meeting in six months. By then we will have used another two billion plastic bags.

A. Green bags may not be the solution to the problem but they are reuseable unlike plastic.

B. Now even if shopping bags make it to dumps they're still bad for the environment.

C. We’ve all seen them clinging to trees, drifting along footpaths and swirling around in oceans.

D. So once plastic bags are made, they hang around for a very long time.

It would be interesting to discover how many young people go to university without any clear idea of what they are going to do afterwards. If one considers the enormous variety of courses offered, it is not hard to see how difficult it is to select the course most suited to his interests and abilities. If a student goes to acquire a broader perspective of life, to enlarge his ideas and to learn to think for himself, he will undoubtedly benefit, since school often has too restricting an atmosphere, with its timetables and disciplines, to allow him much time for independent assessment of the work he is asked to do. Most students would, I believe, profit by a year or so’s exploration of different academic studies, especially those “all-rounders” with no particular bent. They should have longer time to decide in what subject they want to take their degree, so that in later life they do not look back and say, “I should like to have been an archaeologist. If I hadn’t taken a degree in Modern Languages, I shouldn’t have ended up as an interpreter, but it’s too late now. I couldn’t go back and begin all over again, even if I had the chance.”

There is, of course, another side to the question of how to make the best use of one’s time at university. This is the case of the student who excels in a particular branch of learning, is a first-rate mathematician, scientist, linguist and what you have. He is immediately accepted by the university of his choice, and spends his three or four years becoming a specialist, emerging with a first-class Honors Degree and very little knowledge of what the rest of the world is all about. It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities and, incidentally, the taxpayers’ money, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses, more advice from Career Masters and Course Tutors if we are not to bring up, on one hand, a band of specialists ignorant of anything outside their own subject, and on the other hand, an ever-increasing number of graduates qualified in subjects for which there is little or no demand in the working world.

50. According to the passage, university students should avoid    .

   A. acquiring a broad perspective of life

   B. allowing themselves the independence of thinking

   C. becoming specialists ignorant of what the rest of the world is

   D. wasting their opportunities and the taxpayers’ money

51. Some students look back and say: “…but it’s too late now” because    .

   A. they have no time to make another choice

   B. they don’t have the chance to go back and restart

   C. they decide not to waste taxpayers’ money any more

   D. they could afford no more time to take their degree in another subject

52. At the end of the passage, the word “we” can best be replaced by    .

   A. people in the working world

   B. university graduates

   C. career Masters and Course Tutors

   D. university people

On May 12, 2008, an earthquake of 8 magnitude struck Sichuan. Everyone in China was shocked, and quickly became heartbroken as reported deaths climbed from 10,000 to 32,000 to more than 62,000 people. The death toll is still rising, and the number of injured and missing is many times more.

The Chinese people faced this disaster with compassion（同情）and courage. I was touched by the teacher who died forming a bridge with his body between two desks, protecting four surviving students under him, by the trapped child who told the rescue workers to save others first, and by the dying mother who texted her baby, “My Treasure: If you survive, always remember I love you.” She died using her own body to protect her 3-month-old from harm. But don't worry about this baby growing up without a family. Thousands of families in China have already volunteered to adopt earthquake orphans.

And the Chinese people faced this disaster with resourcefulness（智慧）and tenacity（坚韧）. A brave CEO took his weekend SUV, drove hundreds of miles, started digging, and saved several lives. A child used his hands to dig out two fellow students. His hands were severely injured, but his friends survived. Cab drivers turned their cars into ambulances and delivery trucks. More than 100,000 brave soldiers risked (and some gave) their lives to find every survivor.

These are the heroes among us, whether they use an SUV, a shovel or a phone. Their heroic deeds and selflessness inspired me so deeply that I can recall only one other such occasion. It was 9/11---I vividly remember the police officers, the firefighters, and of course the passengers and crew on United Flight 93.

As a Chinese American, I hope that the Chinese and the Americans will see that they have so much in common---their compassion, courage, and generosity. I hope that people will see that these heroic commonalities (共性) are much stronger than any differences. And I hope that these heroes from 9/11 and 5/12 will inspire all of us to turn our anxiety into courage, our misery into tenacity, and our sorrow into love.

47. The second and the third paragraphs mainly tell us about ________.

A. how severe the earthquake was        

B. how much victims were in need of help

C. some heroic deeds of the Chinese in the earthquake   

D. lucky survivors in the earthquake

48. The author compares the 5/12 earthquake to 9/11 attacks because _________.

A. they were both natural disasters

B. both Americans and Chinese were brave and full of compassion in emergencies

C. he is a Chinese American

D. both killed a large number of people

49. The main purpose of the essay is to ________.

A. encourage a better understanding of the two peoples

B. suggest how important courage is in time of crisis

C. provide some useful advice for rescue work

D. present the important similarities as well as the differences between the two peoples

I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.

At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement―jobs, research papers, awards―was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.

Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations(挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.

Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.

43. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?

A. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.

B. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.

C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.

D. She finds space research more important.（B）

44. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s failures to ________.

A. the very fact that she is a woman

B. her involvement in gender politics

C. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

D. the burden she bears in a male-dominated society（A）

45. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

A. Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.

B. Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence.

C. Her female students can do just as well as male students.

D. More female students are pursuing science than before.（D）

46. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.

B. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.

C. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.

D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.

An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.

We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.

Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.

His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.

Einstein’s idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.

“If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you’re at sea level and that’s because the pressure is much lower up there,” said McCulloch.

At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. “If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so,” says McCulloch. “That’s what makes it cold.”

The gas fridges based on Einstein’s design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein’s design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.

However, McCulloch’s fridge is still in its early stages. “It’s very much a prototype,” he said. “Give us another month and we'll have it working.”

39. According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _______.

A. has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficiently

B. is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricity

C. has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendly

D. will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future

40. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.

B. Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters.

C. McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein's design by using other types of vapors.

D. The fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.

41. We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _______.

A. changed the air pressure around it

B. was tested on the top of Mount Everest

C. increased the liquid boiling temperature

D. used only pressurized gases to keep things cold

42. McCulloch’s words in Paragraph 6 _____.

A. serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein’s fridge

B. give you the reason why Einstein’s fridge was not efficient

C. tell you how to take advantage of low air pressure

D. show you how Einstein’s fridge works

We all enjoy the beautiful show of colors as leaves change each autumn. But did you ever wonder how and why this happens? To answer the question, first you have to understand what leaves are and what they do.

Leaves are nature’s food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots. And they take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose (葡萄糖). Glucose is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing.

The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis (光合作用). That means, “putting together with light”.

A chemical called chlorophyll (叶绿素) helps photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. This is how trees “know” to begin getting ready for winter.

During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. Trees rest during this time and live off the food they stored during the summer. They begin to shut down their food-making factories.

The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves. As the bright green fades away, we begin to see yellow and orange leaves. Small amounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along. We just can’t see them in the summer, because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.

The bright reds and yellows we see in leaves are made mostly in autumn. In some trees, like maples, glucose is caught in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn this glucose into a red color. The brown color of trees like oaks (橡树) is made from waste left in the leaves.

It is the mixture of all these things that makes the beautiful colors we enjoy during autumn.

36. Which of the following about chlorophyll is NOT true?

A. Without it photosynthesis couldn’t happen.

B. It is the reason why leaves have their green color.

C. It turns the leaves red during autumn.

D. It is a chemical that’s important for trees’ food making.

37. From the text we can see that photosynthesis _____.

A. can produce glucose, which can provide energy for trees’ growth

B. can happen whenever there is light and water

C. is the process of putting sunlight together with chlorophyll

D. doesn’t stop during the trees’ lifetime even in winter

38. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?

A. To explain the process of trees’ photosynthesis.

B. To encourage readers to protect the environment.

C. To analyze the reasons why leaves change colors.

D. To help readers understand what leaves and trees are.

Why did I come today? I wondered. My feet ached almost as much as my head.  My Christmas    16   contained several people that claimed they needed nothing but I knew their feelings would be hurt   17   I bought them something, so gift buying was   18   but fun.

Hurriedly, I finished shopping and   19   the long checkout lines. In front of me were a boy of about 5 and a younger girl. She carried a beautiful pair of  20   slippers. When we finally  _ 21  the checkout register, the girl   22   placed the shoes on the counter. She treated them as though they were a    23 .

“That will be $ 6.09,” the cashier said. The boy    24  his pockets. He finally came up with $ 3.12. “I guess we will have to put them back,” he bravely said. “We will come back some other time, maybe tomorrow.” With that statement, a soft   25   broke from the little girl. “But    26   would have loved these shoes,” she cried.

“Well, we’ll go home and work some more. Don’t cry. We’ll surely   27  ,” he said. Quickly I handed $ 3.00 to the cashier. These children had waited in line for a long time. And,   28  , it was Christmas. Suddenly a pair of arms came around me and a small voice   29    said, “Thank you, lady.” “What did you   30   when you said Jesus would like the shoes?” I asked. The boy answered, “Our mommy is sick and going to    31  . Daddy said she might go before Christmas to be with Jesus.” The girl spoke, “My Sunday school teacher said the streets in heaven are shiny gold, just like these shoes. Won’t mommy be   32   walking on those streets in these shoes?”

My eyes   33  as I looked into her tear-stained face. “Yes,” I answered, “I am    34  she will.” Silently I thanked God for using these children to   35   me of the true spirit of giving I once was familiar with.