III. Cloze test 完形填空 1’ * 20 = 20’

    阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从26-45各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

    People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries. And in the  36  300 years, there were  37  many changes in  38  places that now people can  39  tell an English person  40  an American in the way he or she talks.

    Many old words  41  in England but were kept in America. For example, 300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they called either a

“faucet”, a “spigot”, or a “tap”. All these words are  42  heard in different parts of America, but only “tap” is still common in  43 . Americans often made up new words or changed old  44 . “Corn” is one kind of plant in America and  45  in England.

    Also, over the last three centuries the English language  46  thousands of new words for things that weren’t known  47 . And often, American and English people used two  48  names for them. A tin can (洋铁罐头) is called “tin” for short in England, but a “can” in America. The word “radio” is  49  all over the world, including America. But many English people call it a “wireless”. And almost anything having something to do  50  cars, railroads, etc.  51  different names in British and American English.

But now American and British English may be growing closer together. One  52  is the large amount (数量) of American speech that British people hear daily in movies, on television, or  53  travelers.  54  this, Americans seem to be influencing (影响) the British more and more. So some day, English may even be  55  on both sides of the Atlantic (大西洋).  

36.A. following     B. recent       C. oldest        D. last

37.A. such              B. too                C. so                 D. great

38.A. either            B. both               C. neither          D. two

39.A. hardly            B. difficulty        C. clearly          D. easily

40.A. with              B. from                C. to               D. and

41.A. disappeared   B. were disappeared   C. spoke   D. were spoken

42.A. not                B. hardly              C. yet             D. still

43.A. America         B. the two countries   C. England     D. British

44.A. word              B. forms              C. ones             D. ways

45.A. another           B. also planted     C. a plant        D. a kind of food

46.A. added          B. has added             C. discovered     D. has discovered

47.A. anywhere    B. in some countries  C. before     D. for centuries

48.A. new              B. short                 C. different      D. surprising

49.A. produced       B. made                 C. developed      D. used

50.A. to                B. away                 C. with             D. from

51.A. has              B. have                 C. has given       D. was given

52.A. thing           B. cause                C. reason           D. expression

53.A. from            B. through             C. on                D. by

54.A. For              B. Because             C. Besides         D. Because of

55.A. different         B. more different   C. the same         D. more useful

C

Wikipedia was founded as a branch of Nupedia, a now-abandoned project to produce a free encyclopedia (百科全书). Nupedia required highly qualified contributors, but the writing of articles was slow. During 2000, Jimmy Wales, founder of Nupedia, and Larry Sanger, whom Wales had employed to work on the project, discussed ways of supplementing (补充) Nupedia with a more open project. Multiple sources are suggested for the idea that a wiki might allow members of the public to contribute material, and Nupedia’s first wiki went online on January 10.

There was considerable resistance on the part of Nupedia’s editors and reviewers to the idea of associating Nupedia with a Web site in the wiki format (格式), so the new project was given the name “Wikipedia” and launched on its own domain (域名), wikipedia.com, on January 15. The domain was eventually changed to the present wikipedia.org when the not-for-profit Wikimedia Foundation was launched as its new parent organization. In March 2007, the word wiki became a newly-recognized English word.

In May 2001, a wave of non-English Wikipedias was launched — in Catalan, Chinese, Dutch, Esperanto, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish. These were soon joined by Arabic and Hungarian. In September, Polish was added. At the end of the year, Afrikaans, Norwegian, and Serbocroatian versions were announced.

Anyone with Web access can edit Wikipedia, and this openness encourages inclusion of a great amount of content. About 75,000 editors — from expert scholars to casual readers — regularly edit Wikipedia, and these experienced editors often help to create a consistent style throughout the encyclopedia.

Editors are able to watch pages and techies (科技人员) can write editing programs to keep track of or correct bad edits. Where there’re disagreements on how to present facts, editors work together to arrive at an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject. Although the Wikimedia Foundation owns the site, it’s largely uninvolved in writing and daily operations.

66. Jimmy Wales wanted a more open project because ______.

   A. he wanted to found Wikipedia

   B. Nupedia had its own disadvantages

   C. he earned less money from Nupedia

   D. Nupedia had been abandoned

67. The idea of connecting Nupedia with a Web site in the wiki format ______.

   A. gained a wide support

   B. came into being on January 15, 2000

   C. made Nupedia better and better known to the public

   D. weren’t welcomed by all Nupedia’s editors

68. Which of the following versions joined the Wikipedia in or after October 2001?

   A. English version.                       B. Norwegian version.

C. Hebrew version.                      D. Arabic version.

69. Who are responsible to create the main style for the Wikipedia?

   A. Any readers of the Wikipedia     B. The techies.

   C. The Wikimedia Foundation.              D. The experienced editors.

70. Which of the following facts about Wikipedia most probably surprises readers?

   A. Its owner contributes less to its writing.

   B. It appeals to a wider audience.

   C. Its owner was founded only recently.

   D. It was evolved from Nupedia.

B

         London: It's well known that Charles Darwin's famous theory of evolution (进化) annoyed many people because it was against the Biblical view of creation. But few know that it also created problems for Darwin at home with his deeply religious wife, Emma.

         "Darwin held back the publication of On the Origin of Species to avoid offending (触怒) his wife," says Ruth Padel, the naturalist's great-great-granddaughter. "Emma told him that he seemed to be putting God further and further off", Padel says in her north London home. "But they talked it through, and Emma once said, ‘Don’t change any of your ideas for fear of hurting, me.’ ”

         As the world celebrates the 200th birthday of the man who changed scientific thought forever and the 150th anniversary of his book today, even his opponents admitted he was a giant figure.

         Though opposition to his theory, continues, it is the elegant explanation of how species evolutes through natural selection that makes his 200th birthday such a major event.

         More than 300 celebrations have been planned in Britain alone, where Darwin's face graces (使增光) the 10-pound bill along with that of Queen Elizabeth II.

         Shrewsbury, the central England town where Darwin was born and raised, is holding a month-long festival for its most famous son. Down House, his former home near London, will hold a permanent exhibition recreating some of his most famous experiments.

         Many more events have been planned all over the world.

         What would he be doing if he were alive today? Padel thinks he would properly be studying DNA and the immune system.

45.The main purpose of the author is______.

         A.to say something about Darwin and his wife

         B.to introduce Charles Darwin and his theory of evolution

         C.to sing high praise for the book On the Origin of Species

         D.to report some celebrations of Darwin's 200th birthday and the 150th anniversary of his books

46.Which of the statements is NOT true based on the passage?

         A.Everyone agrees with Darwin now.

         B.Darwin was brought up in Shrewsbury.

         C.Emma was not really fond of his theory.

         D.Darwin was very interested in living things.

47.The underlined phrase "held back" in the second paragraph probably means______.

         A.prevented from                                                         B.kept a secret

         C.cared about                                                                  D.put off

48.It can be inferred that the passage is most probably______.

         A.a scientific report                                                     B.a news report

         C.an English composition                                           D.a text

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