Imagine a classroom missing the one thing that's long been considered a necessary part to reading and writing ? Paper. No notebooks, no textbooks, no test paper. Nor are there any pencils or pens, which always seem to run out of ink at the critical (关键的) moment.

A "paperless classroom" is what more and more schools are trying to achieve.

Students don't do any handwriting in this class. Instead, they use palm (手掌) size, or specially-designed computers. The teacher downloads texts from Internet libraries and sends them to every student's personal computer.

Having computers also means that students can use the Web. They can look up information on any subject they're studying ? from maths to social science.

High school teacher Judy Herrell in Florida, US, described how her class used the Web to learn about the war in Afganistan (阿富汗) over one year ago.

"We could touch every side of the country through different sites ? from the forest to refugee camps (难民营)," she said. "Using a book that's three or four years old is impossible."

And exams can go online too. At a high school in Tennessee, US, students take tests on their own computers. The teacher records the grades on the network for everyone to see and then copies them to his own electronic grade book.

A paperless classroom is a big step towards reducing the waste of paper. High school teacher Stephanie Sorrell in Kentucky, US, said she used to give about 900 pieces of paper each week to each student.

"Think about the money and trees we could save with the computers," she said.

But, with all this technology, there's always the risk (危险) that the machines will break down. So, in case of a power failure or technical problems, paper textbooks are still widely available (可用的) for these hi-tech students.

What does the part of the last sentence in the first paragraph, “run out of ink at the critical

moment”, mean?

   A. Pens may not write well at the critical moment.

  B. Pens get lost easily, so you may not find them at the critical moment.

  C. Pens may have little or no ink at the critical moment.

  D. Pens use ink, while pencils don't.

In a paperless classroom, what is a must?

  A. Pens. B. Computers. C. Information. D. Texts.

The high school teacher, Judy Herrell, used the example of her class to show that _______.

  A. the Web could take them everywhere B. the Web taught them a lot

  C. the Web is a good tool for information

  D. the Web, better than the textbooks, can give the latest and comprehensive (全面的) information

The paperless classrooms will benefit _____ the most.

  A. students B. teachers C. trees D. computers

What does the phrase in the last paragraph, “break down”, mean?

  A. Break into pieces. B. Stop working. C. Fall down. D. Lose control.

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I remember my dad teaching me the power of language at a very young age.

One fairly interesting event happened when I was eight. As a kid, I was always climbing trees, poles, and __31__ around upside down from the rafters (房梁) of our house. So, it __32__ to no surprise for my dad to __33__ me at the top of a 30-foot tree swinging back and forth. Without realizing the tree could break or I could get __34__, I just thought it was__35__ to be up so high.

    My cousin, Tammy, was in the same tree. She was hanging on the first big __36__ about ten feet below me. Tammy’s mother also __37__ us at the exact time my dad did. About that time a huge gust of wind came over the tree and I could feel the tree begin to sway. I remembered my dad’s __38__ over the wind yelling, “Bart, __39__ on tightly.” So I did.

    The next thing I know, I heard Tammy __40__ at the top of her lungs, __41__ flat on the ground. She had fallen out of the tree.

    I came down the tree to __42__. My dad later told me why Tammy fell and I didn’t. __43__, when Tammy’s mother felt the wind, she yelled out, “Tammy, don’t __44__!” And Tammy did do that.

    My dad then __45__ to me that the mind has a very __46__ time dealing with a negative image. In order to deal with the __47__ of not falling, Tammy’s brain had to first imagine falling, and then tell the brain not to do what it just imagined. However, my eight-year-old brain __48__ had an internal image of hanging on tightly.

    This “Self-Talk” is especially useful when you are __49__ to break a habit or set a goal. You can’t imagine not doing something in your mind. The only way to accomplish it is to find a word for what you want to do.

    I’m now a pretty good football player, because all my internal dialogue is __50__ and encourages me to win. All this I owe to my dad.

A. walking        B. hanging          C. fooling      D. playing

A. got             B. turned               C. came         D. led

A. meet            B. admire               C. forbid           D. find

A. trapped            B. hurt             C. teased           D. scolded

A. fun                B. tense                C. scaring      D. dizzy

A. root           B. trunk                C. branch           D. tree

A. warned          B. joined               C. watched      D. noticed

A. sound          B. voice                C. wave         D. laughter

A. hold           B. come             C. go           D. insist

A. whispering      B. laughing         C. screaming        D. singing

A. lying          B. sitting              C. standing     D. looking

A. anxiety            B. safety               C. thrill           D. sympathy

A. Apparently     B. Unbearably       C. Vividly      D. Unbelievably 

A. move           B. jump             C. fall         D. sway

A. apologized     B. admitted         C. referred     D. explained

A. difficult          B. awesome          C. precise          D. special

A. fear            B. command          C. reward           D. possibility

A. deliberately       B. constantly           C. gradually        D. instantly

A. failing         B. attempting           C. managing     D. hoping

A. negative        B. subjective           C. positive     D. vague

  People can be addicted to different things— e.g.alcohol, drug, certain foods,or even television.People who have such an addiction are compulsive: they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy.According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders.They feel that they must spend money.This compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain reasonably.For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money.In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything.Their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.

    There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting.To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts.Compulsive bargain hunters,however, often buy things that they don't need just because they are cheap.They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game.When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winners.Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and thereal reason.

    It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, butalso business people.Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business.They consider people's needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs andopinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.

    Psychologists often use a method called "behavior therapy (疗法)"to help individuals solvetheir personality problems.In the same way, they can help people who feel that they haveproblems with money.

According to psychologists, a compulsive spender is one who spends large amounts of money               

    A.and takes great pleasure from what he or she buys

    B.in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in life

    C.just to meet his or her strong psychological need

    D.entirely with an irrational eagerness

According to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters are often in search of the lowest possible prices    .

    A.because they feel satisfied if they spend less money than others

    B.because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money

    C.because they have money problem

    D.because they want to save money to help heir budget

The passage is mainly talking about   

    A.the psychology of money-spending habits

    B.the purchasing habits of compulsive spenders

    C.a special psychology of bargain hunting

    D.the use of the psychology of spending habits in business

From the passage we may safely conclude that compulsive spenders or compulsive bargainhunters  .

    A.are really unreasonable

    B.need special treatment

    C.can't be cured  

    D.can never get any help to solve their problems with money

Watching online open classes of US top universities has become necessary for many young Chinese who find it a shortcut to make their life more meaningful, in addition to learning knowledge and language.

Guo Lei, a native of Guangzhou, has become addicted to various open courses after she watched the online video of "Justice: What's the right thing to do."The video clip was taken during an open class taught by Michael Sandel, professor of philosophy at Harvard University.

Sandel set up a situation in which a high-speed train with a technical problem is running towards five people who are working on the current track, while there is only one worker on the adjacent (相邻的) track.He inspired students to discuss what the driver should do -- to change the direction for five lives -- which apparently will kill the other -- or to do nothing and allow five people to die.

Guo said she was immediately attracted by the topic and the discussion of the Harvard students about morality and justice.She even introduced the case to her colleagues for discussion, since Sandel did not give an answer, unlike most Chinese teachers she knew before.

The inspiring and lively teaching style of American professors refreshed Guo's impression about the traditional score-oriented Chinese educational system and prompted more Chinese to frequently search and watch open class resources of American top colleges, including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and University of California Berkeley.

On China's social networking websites, such as renren.com, kaixin001.com and sina.com, netizens have spontaneously formed many study groups to share video resources and exchange opinions.Volunteers have added English or Chinese subtitles onto the videos to help more Chinese enjoy the videos without language difficulties.

"The popularity of American open classes reflects the spir it of sharing," said Yu Xinke, Vice chancellor with the Continuous Education School of South China University of Technology.

If the train driver changes the current track , how many people will be killed?(No more than one word)

Why can Chinese have no difficulty enjoying the foreign class videos?(No more than 10 words)

Besides knowledge and language, list three other things Chinese can learn from watching such foreign online class? (No more than 15 words in total)

                                                   

                                                         

                                                       

What is the main idea of this passage?  (No more than 10 words)

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