Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.

Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregivers. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.

One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born,the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby.

The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.

Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children.

Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression.

The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.

These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.

According to the passage,which of the following is NOT the factor that influences the intelligence development in babies?

A. The environment.                                  B. Mother’s sensitivity.

C. Their peers (同龄人).                               D. Education before birth.

What is the purpose of the experiment in which newborn babies heard the stories?

A. To prove that babies can learn before they are born.

B. To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born.

C. To show mothers can strongly influence the intelligence development in their babies

D. To indicate early education has a deep effect on the babies’ language skills.

Which group of children did the worst in tests of language skills?

A. The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children.

B. The children of women who did not suffer from depression.

C. The children of depressed but caring mothers.

D. Children with high communication abilities.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Scientific findings about how babies develop before birth.

B. Scientific findings about how the environment has an effect on babies’ intelligence.

C. A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are born or six months old.

D. Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies.

Have you ever been in a situation, where you felt uneasy because of something you think you may have forgotten to do or perhaps a feeling that you annoyed someone whom you wanted to get along with really well. If you have experienced such feelings and worse on a regular basis, then you most probably are a victim of anxiety attacks.

All of us, to some extent, have experienced anxiety at different levels. There are somethings you may know about anxiety, and some things that you may not be familiar with. So in order to be prepared for your unexpected feeling of anxiety, you need to get to know what anxiety is before it escalates into a panic attack.

Anxiety is simply the feeling of discomfort, uneasiness or fear of what may eventually happen resulting from an imagined, or a real threatening condition. On the extreme end panic attacks can occur due to heightened(增加) feelings of anxiety.

There are two main symptoms(症状) during an anxiety / panic attack and these are physical and emotional symptoms. Physical symptoms include difficulty in breathing, shaking, direct feeling of heat, rapid heartbeat and tiredness while emotional symptoms deal with worrying, depression, fear, and lack of focus.

In spite of the negative impression we have for anxiety, it is not dangerous in any way whatever. The feeling of anxiety is not bad, in fact it’s more of a defensive feeling which protects us from possible danger by engaging a response within us in fight or fight situations. So it’s not the “bad guy”, you just have to learn how to control it. Panic attacks, however, are far more dangerous and should be a concern to your health. Panic can sometimes result in blurred (模糊不清的) vision, difficulty in breathing due to a tight chest. The best way to different anxiety from any serious illness is to ask a medical expert for advice on a regular basis.

According to the passage, a panic attack is _______________.

       A. as serious as an anxiety attack                 B. not so serious as an anxiety attack

       C. resulted from an anxiety attack               D. resulted in an anxiety attack

The underlined word “escalates” in the second paragraph means “_______________”.

       A. happens suddenly                                  B. becomes more serious

       C. mixes things together                             D. connects something with

A victim of anxiety attacks may have the symptoms that ______________.

       A. he doesn’t want to have anything to eat

       B. he has trouble in hearing and vision

       C. he is always worried about others

       D. he can’t pay attention to what he does

From the passage we can draw a conclusion that ______________.

       A. an anxiety attack does good to us            B. an anxiety attack does no harm to us

       C. an anxiety attack is a serious illness         D. an anxiety attack is very dangerous

What is the best title for this passage?

       A. Symptoms of Anxiety Attacks                B. Ways of Getting Rid of Anxiety

       C. Harm Caused by Anxiety                       D. Getting to know Anxiety

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