When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure (确保)that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organiztion(UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women is every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.

       More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, “Give me a fish and I eat for day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is take for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back form time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.

       Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.

61.  According to the author, how could international aid reach the victims in time ?

       A. By solving the cost problems

       B.   By solving the transportation problems

       C. By setting up a body of devoted people in every country.

       D. By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO.

62.  What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence ?

       A. Providing food is vital                                   B. Learning to fish is helpful

       C. Teaching skills is essential                                 D. Looking after others is important.

63.  The second paragraph is developed mainly _________.

       A. by example                  B. by process                  C. by comparison            D. by contrast

64.  Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands ?

       A. A medical team.                                            B. An exchange program.

       C. A water plant.                                                 D. Financial support.

65.  What can we infer about international aid from the passage ?

       A. It is facing difficulties.                             B. It is unnecessary during normal times

       C. It should be given in the form of materials  D. It has gained support developed countries

When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure (确保)that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.
More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster; it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, “Give me a fish and I eat for day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is take for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back form time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.
Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.
【小题1】According to the author, how could international aid reach the victims in time?

A. By solving the cost problems
B. By solving the transportation problems
C. By setting up a body of devoted people in every country.
D. By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO.
【小题2】What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence?
A.Providing food is vitalB.Learning to fish is helpful
C.Teaching skills is essentialD.Looking after others is important.
【小题3】The second paragraph is developed mainly _________.
A.by exampleB.by processC.by comparisonD.by contrast
【小题4】Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands?
A.A medical team.B.An exchange program.
C.A water plant.D.Financial support.
【小题5】What can we infer about international aid from the passage?
A.It is facing difficulties
B.It is unnecessary during normal times
C.It should be given in the form of materials
D.It has gained support developed countries

A new U.S.government report says more than two million Americans fall ill each year with drug—resistant bacterial infections(感染),and 23,000 of them are dying as a result.The head of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention[CDC]said that the number probably will grow.Officials warn that steps must be taken now to preserve the effectiveness of antibiotic(抗生素)drugs.

    Without urgent action to stop that trend,warned Tom Frieden whose agency wrote the report,the miracle drugs to fight them won’t be available in the future.

    “If we are not careful,the medicine chest will be empty when we go there to look for a lifesaving antibiotic for someone with a deadly infection.But if we act now,we can preserve these medications while we continue to work on development of new medicines.”

    The report names a drug—resistant abuse of gonorrhea(淋病),which causes about one quarter of a million hospitalizations in the United States annually.Of the number at least 1 4,000 result in death.

    Drug resistance develops through the overuse and inappropriate use of anti—bacterial agents.These can be:doctors prescribing(开药) them to patients who have viral infections that are not affected by medicine meant to fight bacteria;patients not taking all of their medicine as prescribed,so the bacteria making them sick are only weakened,not killed;antibiotic use in healthy farm animals to prevent illness and promote growth.Antibiotic remainders left in meat and animal products can then lead to drug resistance in humans.

    To limit the spread of resistant infections,experts recommend wider use of routine immunizations(预防),as well as hand—washing in hospitals and other health care facilities.Also, the report urges hand—washing by food handlers.?

    Michael Bell,deputy director of the Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion at CDC,said Patients also can play a role in preserving the effectiveness of antibiotics by asking health care providers a few simple questions.

1.What’s the best title of the passage?

A.Drug Resistance Developing Quickly in the US

B.Drug—Resistant Bacterial Infections Growing in the US

C.Actions for Preserving Anti-Bacterial Medications in the US

D.Preventions of Drug-resistant Bacterial Infections in the US

2.According to Frieden,we must take measures without delay to preserve effectiveness of antibiotics,or_____.

A.we will have to develop better medicines in place of antibiotics

B.there may be no effective anti-bacterial drugs for use in the future

C.we can’t find other medicines to cure serious illnesses in the future

D.more and more Americans will suffer from bacterial infections each year

3.Of those patients admitted to the hospital because of a drug-resistant abuse of gonorrhea annually,deaths add up to_____.

A.at least 5.6%  B.about 25%    C.about 1.4%    D.at least 2.5%

4.One of the approaches through which drug resistance develops is that_____.

A.people eat the meat with Antibiotic remainder in animals

B.doctors prescribe less antibiotics than needed for patients

C.doctors prescribe much more antibiotic than needed for patients

D.patients don’t take their ant-bacterial agents that doctors prescribe

 

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