The history of the Games Olympia

    Olympia, the site of the ancient Olympic Games, is in the western part of the Peloponnese which, according to Greek mythology, is the island of "Pelops", the founder of the Olympic Games. Imposing temples, votive buildings, elaborate shrines and ancient sporting facilities(设备) were combined in a site of unique natural and mystical beauty.

    Olympia functioned as a meeting place for worship and other religious and political practices as early as the 10th century B.C. The central part of Olympia was dominated by the majestic temple of Zeus, with the temple of Hera parallel to it. The ancient stadium in Olympia could hold more than 40,000 audience, while in the surrounding area there were auxiliary(辅助的) buildings which developed gradually up until the 4th century B.C. and were used as training sites for the athletes or to house the judges of the Games.

The Games and religion

    The Olympic Games were closely linked to the religious festivals of the cult of Zeus, but were not a total part of a rite. Indeed, they had a secular character and aimed to show the physical qualities and development of the performances accomplished by young people, as well as encouraging good relations between the cities of Greece. According to specialists, the Olympic Games owed their purity and importance to religion.

Victory ceremonies

    The Olympic victor received his first awards immediately after the competition. Following the announcement of the winner's name by the herald, a Hellanodikis (Greek judge) would place a palm branch in his hands, while the audience cheered and threw flowers to him. Red ribbons were tied on his head and hands as a mark of victory.

The official award ceremony would take place on the last day of the Games, at the elevated vestibule of the temple of Zeus. In a loud voice, the herald would announce the name of the Olympic winner, his father's name, and his homeland. Then, the Hellanodikis placed the sacred olive tree wreath（花环）, or kotinos, on the winner's head.

When did Olympia become the site of the Olympic Games?

   A. In the 10th century B.C.

   B. Before the 4th century B.C.

   C. After the 4th century B.C.

   D. It was not mentioned here.

Which one is TRUE according to the passage?

   A. Zeus is the founder of the Olympic Games.

   B. The ancient stadium in Olympic were used as training sites for the athletes in the 10th century.

   C. The Olympic Games have much to do with the religion.

   D. The Olympic victor would receive a golden medal.

Can you guess the meaning of this word “herald” in the passage?

   A. the author   B. the headmaster   C. the announcer   D. the manager

When the athletes won the game, ______.

   A. They were awarded immediately after the competition.

   B. They were awarded twice. The first, immediately after the competition; the second, on the last day of the game.

   C. They were awarded on the last day of the game.

   D. They were awarded on the last day of the game or immediately after the competition.

What happens to mother-daughter relationships when girls become teenagers. It seems that girls go from playing “dress up”, to arguing with their mothers about how they should dress.

When a girl is 3-4 years old they love to “dress up” in their mothers’ clothes, put on their mothers’ makeup, cook, and do whatever else their mother does. This is the time when she can be classified as being a mama’s girl.

How come girls change so much from childhood to the teenage years? Many parents seek the answer when their daughter becomes a teen. Often when a girl enters high school her behavior changes as well as her physical appearance.

When I was young I always liked playing “dress up”. It made me feel older and more like my mother. Even when I entered middle school, I still depended a lot on my mother to choose and buy my clothes. Once I entered high school there was a big change. To me, my mother’s clothes were no longer “in fashion”, and neither was her opinion. I started becoming interested in boys and tried to improve the way I looked. It was not that I wanted to look cool, I just wanted to look my age.

This is the time that the mother-daughter relationship can take a turn. It’s difficult for a mother to know that her daughter is no longer totally dependent on her.

When the daughter starts wearing revealing clothing, dating, and just wanting to be more independent, a mother starts to feel left out, or not needed. The number of arguments increases, and the number of times when the mother and daughter get along happily decreases.

When these things start to happen, it is a sign that the daughter wants her independence and the freedom to grow up.

When you notice how much your relationship had changed, try to believe positive things come out of the change. Put all the negatives aside and concentrate on what your mother is feeling instead of just on what you’re feeling.

When it seems too hard to handle, take some quiet time and write out your feelings. Maybe at another time, you can share them with your mother and try to find a way to better your relationship as mother and daughter. If you don’t feel comfortable sharing your feelings, at least write them down so you can get them out. It’s better than keeping them bottled up inside.

The girls would argue with their mothers because ________.

A. they need more independence

B. mothers want daughters to be mama’s girls again

C. they think their mothers’ clothes are no longer in fashion

D. all of the above

From the passage, we know that ________.

A. the teenage period is a sensitive part in human life

B. the parents can’t get the answer why their daughters change a lot

C. they can get on well only in talking, no matter what mothers or daughters do

D. mothers should concentrate on their own feelings

A “mama’s girl” will Not________.

A. dress up in her mother’s clothes

B. depend a lot on her mother to choose and buy her clothes

C. like wearing revealing clothing

D. think her mother’s clothes are in fashion 

When the daughter starts wanting to be more independent, ________.

A. a mother starts to feel left out           

B. it is the time when mother and daughter get on joyfully increases

C. she wants to look cool

D. All of the above

_______the match is lost? We can fight again!

         A．Even though     B．What though    C．If though    D．As though

In meditation(冥想)，people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath .As they breathe in and out ,they attend to their feelings .As thoughts go through their minds. They let them go. Breathe .Let go .Breathe .Let go .

According to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre,Massachusetts. Three months of training in this kind of meditation causes a market change in how the brain allocates(分配) attention. It appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people at catching such fast-changing stimuli( 刺激),like facial expressions.

The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice, everything from driving to playing the piano. The study has shown that meditation is good for the brain. It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of well-being.

In an experiment, 17 volunteers with no meditation experience in the experimental group spent three months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day .A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for 20 minutes a day over the same period .Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group of letters. As both group looked for the numbers , their brain activity was recorded.

Everyone could catch the first number .But the brain recordings showed that the less experienced mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it, so they missed the second number .Those with more experience gave less attention to the first number .as if letting it go ,which led to an increased ability to grasp the second number ,This shows that attention can change with practice.

Just ask Daniel Levision , who meditated for three months as part of the study .”I am a much better listener,” he said . “ I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are saying.”

The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to  __________  .

A.  feelings          B. minds              C. people              D. thoughts

  Meditations manage their daily tasks better because they   ________  .

A . are given less pressure

B. allocate their attention better

C. have more stimuli for life

D. practice them more frequently

In the experiment ,volunteers doing meditation for longer hours   _____  .

A. were more likely to catch both of the members

    B. were used to memorizing numbers in groups

    C. usually ignored the first number observed

    D. paid more attention to numbers than to letters

The study proves that     _____ .

    A .meditation improves one’s health

    B .brain activity can be recorded

    C .human attention can be trained

    D .mediators have a good sense of hearing

When sailors are allowed ashore after a long time at sea, they sometimes get drunk and cause trouble. For this reason, the navy ___1___ has its police in big ports. Whenever sailors cause trouble, the police come and ___2___ them.

One day, the police in a big seaport received a telephone call ___3___ a bar in the town. The barman said that a big sailor had got drunk and ___4___ the furniture in the bar. The officer in charge of the police guard that evening said that he would come immediately.

Now, officers who ___5___ and punish the sailors ___6___ drunk usually chose ___7___ policeman they could find to go with them. ___8___ this particular officer did not do this. ___9___, he chose the smallest and ___10___ man he could find to go to the bar with him and ___11___ the sailor.

Another officer who ___12___ there was surprised when he saw the officer of the guard chose such a small man. ___13___ he said to him, “Why ___14___ you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who ___15___.”

“Yes, you are ___16___ right,” answered the officer of the guard. “That is exactly ___17___ I am taking this small man. If you see two policemen coming ___18___ you, and one is ___19___ the other, which one ___20___ you attack?”

1. A. always    B. seldom       C. forever       D. sometimes

2. A. meet with      B. deal with    C. see      D. judge

3. A. about     B. from   C. in       D. of

4. A. was breaking  B. was ordering      C. was moving       D. was dusting

5. A. would go       B. might beat  C. dared to fight     D. had to go

6. A. slightly   B. not at all    C. heavily       D. much more

7. A. the biggest     B. the youngest      C. the bravest  D. the experienced

8. A. In fact    B. But     C. So      D. And

9. A. Instead   B. Therefore   C. Although    D. Then

10. A. good-looking      B. weakest-looking C. ugly-looking      D. strongest-looking

11. A. seize     B. kill     C. get rid of    D. catch up with

12. A. will go B. had come   C. would start off      D. happened to be

13. A. Yet       B. But     C. So      D. Then

14. A. don’t    B. couldn’t     C. can’t   D. do

15. A. looks strong B. is drunk     C. seems rude D. is dangerous

16. A. all B. very    C. too     D. quite

17. A. how     B. what   C. why    D. that

18. A. up B. at       C. before D. towards

19. A. not smaller than   B. as big as    C. as small as         D. much smaller than    

Everyone wants some degree of success. Many people believe that they deserve (值得)success simply because they believe that they deserve success. But there is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential (有影响的)  friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, while at the other extreme it can be very destructive. I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant. Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted（升职） to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally unsuited for the post. Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable to his superiors (上司). This injustice discouraged the young engineer and many of her colleagues（同事）. It also meant that the factory was much less efficient than it could have been.

At the same, we should not be pessimistic (悲观的). More and more then modern world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good enough, not just because their faces fit. There is a story of a factory owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine which would not go. He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped, once. The machine started up immediately. When he presented his bill, the owner protested, “This can’t be right! $ 100 just for tapping（敲打） a machine with a hammer ?” The engineer wrote out a new bill: “For tapping a machine, $1; for knowing where to tap. $99.”

The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because _____.

A. it was politically less good for the boss to accept her than the man

B. her boss did not think she had the right qualifications for the job

C. the man who got the promotion was more experienced than she was

D. it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male colleague

The engineer who repaired the machine was right in charging $ 100 because____.

A. he hit the machine to get it started again

B. the factory owner could not have repaired it himself

C. he was charging for his knowledge and expert skills

D. he was the only person who could find out what was wrong with it

What can we learn about the author’s attitude toward the widespread belief that “people get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it”?

A. He quite agrees with it.         

B. He doesn’t express his opinion his opinion at it.

C. He completely disagrees with it.          

D. He doesn’t quite agree with it.

According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Having influential friends or right background seems helpful sometimes.

B. The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.

C. Not all those who are good in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.

D. Those who are good in their jobs are still largely needed by the modern society.

随着新学期的临近，许多学生开始去商场购买新文具，其中的一些苗头值得注意。

【写作内容】

根据以上情况写一篇采访报道，并包括如下内容:

1.背景

2.家长和老师反映；

3.记者调查情况；

4.专家建议；

5.你的看法或建议。

【写作要求】

1.只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

2.参考词汇：

1) 文具: stationery  2)闪光flashing  3)香味的fragrant

4) 刺激性气味strong and offensive smells  5)在…指导下under the guidance of sb

 【评分标准】

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

假设你是下图的李华。请根据图画所提供的信息，写一篇英语作文，描述昨天晚上邻居看足球赛影响你学习的情况，并描写你随后与邻居交涉的过程(如：你向邻居提出要求，对方向你表示歉意等。)

注意：1. 词数：80—120

2. 可以编写对话或其它叙述方式描写你与邻居的交涉过程

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

If you are a high school senior graduating and looking to enter college in 2006, you will take the new exam.

The biggest change to the SAT (美国学术能力倾向测验) will be the introduction of a new writing section. The writing section will consist of two parts: an essay and a multiple-choice section. Students will be given 25 minutes to respond to a prompt (提示) and construct a well-organized essay that effectively deals with the task. The essay question may require students to complete a statement, to react to a quote, or to agree or disagree with a point of view. In any case, a good essay will support the chosen position with specific reasons and examples from literature, history, art, science, current affairs, or even a student's own experiences.

Essays will be scored based on the procedures for the current SAT II: Writing Test. Essays will be graded by two independent readers On a scale of 1～6, and their two scores will be combined to form an essay subscore that ranges from 2 to 12. Should the readers' scores vary by more than 2 points, a third reader will score the essay; The readers will be high school teachers and college professors who teach composition. To ensure that essays will be scored in a timely manner, they will be scanned and made available to readers on the Internet for grading purpose.

The writing section will also include multiple-choice grammar and usage questions. Some of these questions will call upon students to improve given sentences and paragraphs. Others will present students with sentences and require them to identify mistakes in diction (措辞), grammar, sentence construction, subject-verb agreement, proper word usage.

The highest possible score on the new writing section will be 800. Scores on the essay and multiple-choice section will be combined to produce a single score. A writing subscore will also be assigned. The highest possible scores on the Critical Reading and Math sections will remain 800 each, making 2,400 a perfect score on the new SAT.

Which parts are included in the writing section of SAT according to the passage?

A. Essay and multiple-choice.          B. Essay and critical writing.

C. Multiple-choice and math.          D. Multiple-choice and literature.

In Paragraph 3, the writer of this passage mainly described _________.

A. application of the Internet in scoring the essay

B. relationship between high tech and testing

C. cheating in the essay scoring procedure

D. the scoring procedure of the essay

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The SAT is designed for high school seniors wishing to enter a college.

B. The writer criticized the multiple-choice in the SAT.

C. Good specific examples are encouraged in essay writing.

D. The SAT consists of the Critical Reading, Math and the Writing sections.

Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A. The new SAT scoring.              B. Language testing reform.

C. College entrance exam reform.               D. The new writing section of SAT.

阅读短文，回答后面的问题。

For many of us, cartoon strips are simply one of our pastimes. The popular Japanese manga(漫画) provides us with an escape from reality into a world of fantasy, adventure and romance. With much less text and pictures running for pages, it fits perfectly into today's fast, throwing away city lifestyle.

But Tsai Chih-chung, a famous Taiwanese illustrator (漫画家), doesn't agree. He believes cartoons can be a bridge connecting traditional Chinese culture and wisdom with the modern world in a much wittier and more acceptable way.

He has interpreted Lao Zi, Confucius, Mencius, Zhuang Zi and Sun Zi and made their works accessible to a global audience. He has also produced two books about Zen (禅宗), introducing oriental philosophy. His cartoons are humorous yet full of wisdom and are admired as an easy way to learn Chinese classics.

After avoiding the public for ten years, Tsai made a comeback in late April with seven new works. But does his age, 61, work as a gap between him and his young readers? Tsai doesn't think so. The topics he has covered range from philosophy in a time of individuality to the learning and memorizing techniques used at school. "Every child is a genius and has the potential beyond his own imagination," he said.

If popular Japanese manga is purely for entertainment, Tsai's work, to a large extent, is to light the power of thinking in a light-hearted way. Tsai uses different forms of water to refer to people. In his eyes some people are like an ocean, some are like vapor (水蒸汽), while others may be ice or rain. But in essence they share a similarity – human being's forever chasing for the true and the good. "The person who thinks over life issues is not necessarily a scholar or a philosopher," he said. "I've dedicated my whole life to thinking and individual freedom, not making a living."

1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph in the passage?

A. Japanese manga is a simple way of killing time.

B. What Japanese manga is mainly about.

C. Japanese manga presents a world of fantasy, adventure and romance.

D. Why Japanese manga is so popular.

2. The underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to___________.

A. much less text                                B. Japanese manga

C. pictures running for pages               D. an escape from reality

3. In Tsai Chih-chung’s opinion, cartoon ___________.

A. connects traditional Chinese culture and wisdom.

B. helps connect Chinese classics with modern world.

C. uses a wiser and acceptable way to draw cartoons.

D. builds up a bridge between cartoons and illustration.

4. What is the main difference between Japanese manga and Tsai’s works in this passage?

A. His works are mainly designed for a pure time killer for all.

B. His works are more popular with young readers in China now.

C. His works are to inspire people to think in a cheerful way.

D. His works are much more interesting and instructive.

5. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about Tsai Chih-chung?

A. He thinks some people are like ocean, some like vapor, while others like ice cream.

B. He says that one who thinks over life is either a scholar or a philosopher.

C. He values more thinking and personal freedom than making a living.

D. Tsai devoted his life to creating cartoons in order to make money.