III 阅读(共两节,满分40分)

第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

       阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从41~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。

Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation(模仿)leads on to deliberate(有意的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get out. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.

41. Before children start speaking________.

A. they need equal amount of listening     

B. they need different amounts of listening

C. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions

D. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions

42. Children who start speaking late ________.

A. may have problems with their listening

B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them

C. usually pay close attention to what they hear

D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly

43. A baby’s first noises are ________.

A. an expression of his moods and feelings   

B. an early form of language

C. a sign that he means to tell you something 

D. an imitation of the speech of adults

44. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech________.

A. is important because words have different meanings for different people

B. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age

C. is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually

D. is one that should be completely ignored(忽略)because children’s use of words is often meaningless

45. The author implies________.

A. parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds

B. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating

C. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak

D. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly

You have the ability to decide whether you are happy or not. Happiness is a choice.

You can’t depend on someone else to make you happy. That is a lesson I learned early in my marriage. I realized that I couldn’t rely on my husband as my source of happiness. I learned that my happiness depended on myself and not my husband’s actions. I learned that you have to choose to be happy.

You can choose your emotions. True happiness comes from within, and it can’t be forced by outside force. So how do you choose happiness? The same way, you choose to smile or choose to wear a certain outfit(一套衣服). You choose it because that’s what you want to experience in you life.

You want to buy a new pair of shoes so you choose a pair that you like and feels good. You wouldn’t buy a pair of shoes that you don’t like or that doesn’t fit well, right? So why do we keep choosing emotions and feelings that don’t make us feel good?

Choosing to be happy after you realize your anger has shown up (or even choosing to be calm) can be beneficial. We choose our feelings; no one else can do that for us. If we let others get to us, influence our emotions — we are giving them power over us. When others cause us anger or pain, we are giving them our power.

We need to keep our feelings in check and not to react(反应) automatically to what is thrown at us. We need to think our actions out instead of just reacting to what someone says or does.

Remember that we can always choose happiness. At first it will be difficult to just switch(使转变)your thoughts and feelings from anger, self-doubt, or fear to joy and happiness. But it is only a thought away. Don’t dwell on(细想) what happens to you unnecessarily but realize what is causing you to feel that way. Realize that thoughts, feelings and emotions can change. Then move on and choose to be happy.

64. What’s the best title of this passage?

       A. Pretend to Be Happy

       B. Choose Your Emotions

       C. Choose to Be Happy

       D. Find Happiness

65. The lesson the writer learned in her marriage is          .

       A. one can’t depend on someone else to make himself or herself happy

       B. balancing the relationship between husband and wife is an art

       C. she can depend on her husband to find happiness

       D. happiness can be influenced by outside force

66. Why did the writer mention buying shoes?

       A. To offer advice on how to choose comfortable shoes.

       B. To use it as an example to illustrate(阐述)her point of view.

       C. To compare choosing shoes and choosing an outfit.

       D. To help move to the next paragraph easily.

67. The writer suggests that we should          .

       A. let others control our feelings

       B. respond immediately to others’ words

       C. hold back our feelings properly

       D. pay more attention to words than actions

第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Two traveling angels stopped to spend the night in the home of a wealthy family. The family was rude and  32  to let the angels stay in the guest home of their large house.  33 , the angels were given a space in the cold basement (地下室). As they made their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a  34  in the wall and repaired it. When the younger angel asked  35 , the older angel replied, “Things aren’t always what they seem.”

The next night the  36  came to rest at the house of a very  37 , but very hospitable (好客的) farmer and his wife. After  38  the little food they had, they let the angels sleep in their  39  where they could have a good night’s rest.

When the sun  40  the next morning the angels found the farmer and his wife in  41 , for their only cow, whose milk had been their only income, lay dead in the field. The younger angel was very  42  and asked the older angel, “How could you have let this happen? The first man had everything,  43  you helped him,” she accused (责备) “The  44  family had little but was willing to share everything, and you let their cow  45 .” “Things aren’t always what they seem”, the  46  angel replied.

“When we stayed in the basement of the large house, I  47  there was gold stored in that hole in the wall.  48  the owner only cared about money and was unwilling to share, I sealed (封住) the wall so  49  wouldn’t find it. Then last night as we slept in the farmer’s bed, the angel of death came  50  his wife. I told him to take the cow instead. Things aren’t always what they  51 .”

32. A. refused                      B. agreed                      C. decided                    D. accepted

33.A. Thus                          B. Therefore                 C. However                  D. Instead

34. A. spot                           B. space                       C. picture                            D. hole

35. A. why                          B. how                         C. when                       D. where

36. A. team                          B. pair                         C. family                      D. group

37. A. rich                           B. healthy                     C. poor                        D. wealthy

38. A. preparing                   B. showing                   C. giving                      D. sharing

39. A. basement                   B. bed                          C. yard                         D. cupboard

40. A. came down                B. came in                   C. came up                  D. came out

41. A. tears                          B. whispers                   C. fear                      D. excitement

42. A. calm                       B. happy                      C. sad                          D. angry

43. A. and                           B. yet                           C. so                           D. or

44. A. former                       B. first                         C. second                     D. latter

45. A. die                                   B. go                           C. survive                     D. disappear

46. A. older                         B. younger                   C. better                             D. worse

47. A. heard                         B. noticed                     C. recognized                D. watched

48. A. Although                   B. After                        C. Since                       D. Before

49. A. she                            B. you                          C. I                              D. he

50. A. for                                   B. about                       C. in                           D. with

51. A. look                          B. seem                        C. feel                          D. sound

                                    Advice to “sleep on it” could be well founded, scientists say. After a good night’s sleep, a problem, which couldn’t be solved the night before, can often seem more manageable, although the evidence until now has been anecdotal (个人体验的). But researchers, at the University of Luebek in Germany, have designed an experiment that shows a good night’s sleep can improve insight (顿悟) and problem-solving.

       “If you have some newly-got memories in your brain, sleep acts on these memories and restructures (重新组织) them, and as a result, after sleep, the insight into problem which you could not solve before increases,” said Dr Jan Born, a neuroscientist (神经科学家), at the university.

To test the theory, they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them turn a string of (一连串) numbers into a new order. There was also a third, hidden rule, which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem. The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups: Half were allowed to sleep after the training, while the rest were forced to stay awake. Dr Jan Born and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out (想出) the third rule as the other group.

“Sleep helped,” Born said in a telephone interview. “The important thing is that you have to have a memory representation (描绘,表现) of the problem you want to solve in your brain and then you sleep, so it can act on the problem.” But Born admitted that he and his team don’t know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it.

Pierre Maquet and Perrine Ruby of the University of Liege in Belgium said the experimental evidence supports the anecdotal suggestions that sleep can help develop creative thinking. Although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery, the research gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep, they added.

57. The underlined phrase “sleep on it” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.

A. to delay deciding something until the next day   

B. to get as much sleep as possible

   C. to go on sleeping without being disturbed       

D. to sleep till after the time you usually get up in the morning

58. Jan Born and his team carried out the experiment through ______.

   A. comparison       B. interview              C. survey       D. imagination

59. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A. people should sleep so long as they have time   

B. sleep is the only way to solve hard problems

   C. people have various periods of sleep     

D. people know how sleep reconstructs memories

60. What would be the best title for the passage?

   A. How Sleep Works                   B. Sleep Helps Solve Problems   

   C. No Evidence, But Well Founded         D. Born’s Discovery On Sleep

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