The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world’s technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers.

Since 1976, employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-old    the near term source of future PhDs is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields    law，medicine，business，etc. While the number of U.S. PhDs in science and engineering declines，the award of PhDs to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.

Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelor‘s and Master‘s degree holders. Too often，promising PH.D.candidates, confronting(面临) the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education, find the attraction of industry irresistible.

67. The U.S.will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.

A. scientists and engineers are not employed

B. the number of PH.D. degree holders is declining

C. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing

D. the number of 22-year-ilds is declining

68. The field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .

A. postgraduates              B. technology

C. such fields as law，medicine and business

D. foreign nationals

69. Large-scale enterprises now need _______.

A. new inventions    B. engineers

C. advanced technology          D. bright graduates and postgraduates

70. PH.D. candidates "find the attraction of industry irresistible" means that _________.

         A. they cannot work for industry any longer

         B. they find industry is attracting more and more college students

         C. they don’t think they can prevent themselves from working for industry

         D. they cannot resist any attraction from all sides

People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. Some personal computers do without an outside link, like someone's secret cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections.

　　The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue (流氓) loose in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory. He could even take control of the entire system by inserting his own instructions in the software that runs it. He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.

Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in is more and more in the news, intelligent kids vandalizing（破坏）university records, even pranking (恶作剧) about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters. A potential for disaster is building: A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from some files; A student sends out a "virus", a secret and destructive command, over a national network. The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems. Such disastrous cases have already occurred. Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Destroging a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. Yet neither business nor government has done enough to strengthen its defenses against attack. For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication, the main reason for using computers in the first place.

59. People usually regard computers as      .

         A. part of a network                

         B. means of exchanging intelligence

         C. personal machines disconnected from outside

         D. a small cabin at the end of a street .

60. The writer mentions “ a thief ”in the second paragraph most probably to      .

         A. show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief

         B. tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays

         C. demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves

         D. look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people

61. According to the passage , a hacker may do all the damages below EXCEPT     .

         A. attacking people’s e-mails .         B. destroying computer systems .

         C. creating many electronic-age terms .        

         D. entering into computer systems without being discovered

62. By saying “ Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer ”(the underlined ) the writer means that     .

         A. some employees may erase information from some files

         B. students who send out a “ virus ”may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers

         C. some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems

         D. some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails

The dog that gave us the most trouble was a beagle (猎兔犬) named Murphy．As far as I’m concerned, the first thing he did wrong was to turn into a beagle．I had seen him bounding around on the other side of a pet-shop window, and I went in and asked the man, “How much is that adorable fox terrier (小猎狗) in the window?” Did he say “That adorable fox terrier is a beagle”? No, he said, “Ten dollars, lady.” Now, I don’t mean to say one word against beagles．They have rights just like other people．But it is a bit of a shock when you bring home a small ball of fluff (绒毛) in a shoebox, and three weeks later it’s as long as the sofa．

Murphy was the first dog I ever trained personally, and I was delighted at the enthusiasm with which he took to the newspaper．It was some time later that we discovered, to our horror, that—like so many dogs—he had grasped the letter but not the spirit of the thing．Until the very end of his days he felt a real sense of duty whenever he saw a newspaper—any newspaper—and it didn’t matter where it was．I can’t bring myself to go into the details, except to mention that we were finally forced to keep all the papers in the bottom of the icebox．

He had another habit that used to leave us open to a certain amount of criticism from our friends．He never climbed up on beds or chairs or sofas．But he always sat on top of the piano．In the beginning we used to try to pull him off．But after a few noisy fights in which he knocked a picture off the wall, scratched the piano, and smashed a lamp, we just gave in—only to discover that he hopped up and down as skillfully as a ballet dancer．

Nowadays if I go anywhere, I just ask if they have a dog．If they do, I say, “Maybe I’d better keep away from it—I have bad allergy.” This sometimes annoys the host．But it works．It really works.

56．The writer uses a hyperbole (夸张) in Paragraph 1 to suggest that the dog grew  _____________.

       A．surprisingly lovable B．comfortable in the house

       C．too fierce to tolerate D．larger than expected

57．Which sentence shows the author’s inability to train Murphy?

       A．I had seen him bounding around on the other side of a pet-shop window.

       B．We were finally forced to keep all the papers in the bottom of the icebox.

       C．He never climbed up on beds or chairs.

       D．Nowadays if I go anywhere, I just ask if they have a dog．

58．What can you infer from the second paragraph?

       A．The writer tried to train Murphy to fetch newspapers but in vain.

       B．Like other dogs, Murphy hated newspapers.

       C．Murphy learned to help the writer clean the papers.

       D．Murphy liked fetching letters rather than newspapers.

59．Which can be the best title of the passage?

       A．Murphy—My Favorite Dog    B．Murphy—An Adorable Dog

       C．Murphy Gave Me Trouble      D．Murphy Turned Into A Beagle

I didn’t hear what he was ___.

A, telling    B. saying    C. talking     D. speaking

The young man in Liaoning decided to go round China ___ bike.

A. riding     B. on    C. on a    D. by a

I went to the airport ___ my brother off.

A. to see   B. send    C. seeing    D. sending

His good salary __ him to live in a lovely country house.

A. lets   B. enables   C. persuades   D. makes

Was it near the bridge ____ the car accident took place?

A. where   B. that     C. when     D. at which

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.

  Several years ago, while attending a communication course, I experienced a most unusual process．The instructor asked us to list   36  in our past that we felt   37    of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud．

This seemed like a very  38  process, but there' s always some   39 soul in the crowd who will volunteer．The instructor then   40  that we find ways to   41  people, or take some action to right any wrong doings．I was seriously wondering how this could ever  42   my communication．

Then the man next to me raised his hand and volunteered this story: “Making my   43  , I remembered an incident from high school．I grew up in a small town．There was a Sheriff   44  of us kids liked．One night, my two buddies(伙伴) and I decided to play a   45   on him．

After drinking a few beers, we climbed the tall water tank in the middle of the town, and wrote on the tank in bright red paint: Sheriff Brown is a s．o．b．（畜生）．The next day, almost the whole town saw our glorious   46  ．Within two hours, Sheriff Brown had us in his office．My friends told the truth but I   47 ．No one ever found out.

Nearly 20 years later．Sheriff Brown's name   48   on my list．I didn't even know if he was still   49  ．Last weekend, I dialed the information in my hometown and found there was a Roger Brown still listed．I tried his number．After a few   50 , 1 heard, "Hello?" I said, "Sheriff Brown?" Paused．"Yes．" "Well, this is Jimmy Calkins．"

“And I want you to know that I did it?” Paused．“I knew it!” he yelled back．We had a good laugh and a   51  discussion．His closing words were: “Jimmy, I always felt bad for you   52  your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it   53  all these years．I want to thank you for calling me for your sake.”

Jimmy inspired me to   54   all the items on my list within two years, and I always remember what I learned from the course: It's never too late to   55  the past wrongdoings．

36．A．everything       B．anything       C．somebody D．anybody

37．A．ashamed       B．afraid           C．sure           D．proud

38．A．private         B．mysterious       C．interesting D．funny

39．A．foolish         B．polite           C．simple          D．brave

40．A．expected       B．suggested      C．ordered         D．hoped

41．A．connect with    B．depend on C．apologize to     D．get along with

42．A．improve       B．continue       C．realize          D．keep

43．A．notes     B．list            C．plan          D．stories

44．A．any           B．most          C．none          D．all

45．A．part           B．game         C．trick          D．record

46．A．view         B．sign           C．attention         D．signal

47．A．lay            B．laid           C．lain           D．lied

48．A．appeared       B．considered       C．presented  D．remembered

49．A．angry           B．happy           C．doubtful       D．alive

50．A．words           B．rings         C．repeats          D．calls

51．A．cold          B．plain         C．nervous        D．lively

52．A．in case          B．so long as     C．unless           D．because

53．A．around         B．out            C．off            D．away

54．A．build up      B．make up       C．clear up        D．give up

55．A．regret           B．forgive         C．right          D．punish

London: What could possibly he wrong with planting trees? The benefits are obvious: they firm the soil, absorb extra water and take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.

However, it now turns out that planting trees could add to global warming. Tree roots do a great job of keeping soil firmly on the ground and out of the wind's power. The problem is that some of those dust clouds play an important part in taking in carbon dioxide.

Huge dust storms blow out over the oceans from dry parts of North Africa and central Asia. Tons of dust are lifted and left as a thin film over the ocean surface.

Dust from China is carried east and left in the Pacific Ocean. If a tree-planting program there is successful and the dust supply reduced, the final result may be that less carbon dioxide gets locked away in the ocean.

Andy Ridgwell, an environmental scientist from the University of East Anglia, has spent the past few years studying dust and says his work shows clearly the complexity of the system and the importance of not working uselessly with it without understanding the results. For this reason the need is to focus on cutting carbon dioxide giving off rather than dealing with the land surface aimlessly.

An American scientist, Robert Jackson, has shown that when native grassland areas are occupied by trees, carbon is lost from the soil. "We are studying why the soil carbon disappears, but one theory is that trees do a lot more of their growing above ground compared to grasses, so less carbon goes directly into the soil from trees. " said Jackson.

In wet areas of the world, the gain from trees absorbing carbon dioxide above ground seems to be outweighed by the loss of carbon from the soil below ground.

Countries that plan to combat global warming by planting trees may have to think again. Solutions to environmental problems are often more complex than they first appear, and understanding the Earth's climate is a very great challenge.

64. People usually hold the opinion that _______.

A. huge dust storms can destroy carbon dioxide

B. huge dust storms can destroy the oceans on the earth

C. planting trees could reduce global warming

D. planting trees is the only way to control huge dust storms

65. Andy Ridgwell, the environmental scientist, believes that _______.

A. environmental problems are more complex than expected

B. trees shouldn't have been planted in dry places

C. dust plays a more important part than trees

D. carbon dioxide is harmful to everything

66. Robert Jackson's experiment proves that _______.

A. carbon can turn grass into dust

B. trees hold more carbon than grass

C. less carbon can make trees grow faster

D. grassland areas should be covered by forests

67. The underlined word "combat" in the last paragraph means _______.

A. learn about        B. give up             C. live with        D. fight against