Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.

If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores(胚芽)。 Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.

62.The main idea of the first paragraph is that ______.

A. plants are important for life              B. plants cannot grow without air

C. there are many plants in the world         D. we can not live without water

63.What can we infer(推断) from the passage ?

A. Of all living things animals are most.    B. Spores are seeds.

C. All fruits of flowering plants have seeds.   D. Without plants,man will die out.

64.What is the meaning of the underlined word?

A. Kept.   B. Guarded.          C. Prevented.       D. Surrounded

65.This passage may be taken from______.

A. a medicine book               B. a novel

C. a science magazine             D. an experiment report

 Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word“obey”is hardly exact as a description of the eager and delighted co- operation(合作) usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gestures and by making questioning noises.

  Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It’s agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particular expression like delight, pain, friendliness and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self - imitation(自我模仿)leads out to deliberate(有意的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.

  It is a problem we need to get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will. change as he gains more experience of the world. Thus the use, at seven months, of“ mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at another time for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself. I doubt, however , whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of his ability in an attempt to teach new words.

 Children who start speaking late ________

  A. may have problems with their listening

  B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them

  C. usually pay close attention to what they hear

  D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly

  A baby’s first noises are ________ .

  A. an expression of his moods and feelings

  B. an early form of language

  C. an imitation of the speech of adults

  D. a sign that he means to tell you something

  The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitation can be considered as speech ________ .

  A. is important because words have different meanings for different people

  B. is not especially important because the change takes place gradually

  C. is one that should be ignored(忽略)because children’s use of words is often meaningless

  D. is one that can never be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age

  The speaker implies that ________ .

  A. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitation

  B. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly

  C. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak

  D. patents can never hope to teach their children new sounds

 Many people believe the glare(炫目的光)from snow causes snowblindness. Yet, with dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snowblindness ,when exposed to several hours of“ snow light”.

  The United States army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow -covered country. Rather ,a man’s eyes frequently find nothing to focus on (聚集) in a broad space of snow- covered without- grass land. So his gaze continually moves and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding something, hour after hour, the eyes never stop searching and the eyeballs become tired and the eye muscles ache. Nature makes up for this discomfort by producing more and more fluid (流 体) which covers the eyeball. The fluid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until it makes eyes difficult to see dearly, and the result is total, even though for a short time, snowblindness.

  Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts(侦察兵)ahead of the troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow - covered landscape. Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark - colored objects ahead on which they can focus too. The men following can then see something. Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop searching the snow -blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time. the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a continuous white land is overcome.

To prevent snowblindness caused by the strong light from snow, wearing glasses or not ________.

  A. depends on whether the snow is white enough

  B. makes no difference

  C. makes much difference

  D. depends on whether the snow is thick

When the eyes are tired, tears flow out ________.

  A. to clear the vision

  B. to make the eyes stop searching

  C. to make the vision unclear

  D. to produce more and more liquid

Snowblindness can be avoided ________.

  A. by moving one’s gaze back and forth

  B. by walking ahead and keeping looking around

  C. by making up for the discomfort of one’s eyes

  D. by providing the eyes with something to focus on

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