Sustainable development is long-term ________which focuses on the environment and  ________ natural resources.

A. plan; preserve                                 B. plan; preserving

C. planning; preserving                           D. planning ;preserve

---When did you get to know each other ?

   ----It was in 2008___       we spent summer vocation together.

A . that     B . when       C . before       D . since

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping   36   he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in   37 . He knows what he wants, and his goal is to find it and　38　it. All men  39  walk into a shop and ask the shop assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock(库存), the deal can be done and    40   is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat to everyone’s   41   .

For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop doesn’t have what he wants. In that  42   , the salesman tries to sell something else—he    43  the nearest to the article required. A good salesman brings out such a substitute(替代品)   44   , and he may say, “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It   45   to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have   46    with this treatment, and the usual response is “This is the right color and may be the right size, but I shouldn’t be   47   my time and yours by trying it on.”

For a woman, buying clothes is always done in the   48   way. Her shopping is not often   49   on need. She has never fully decided what she wants, and she is only “having a look round”. She is always  50  to persuasion, willing to try on any number of things. Deep in her mind is the thought of finding something that   51    thinks suits her. Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the look-out for the unexpected  52  . Faced with a roomful dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another      53  selecting the dress she wants to try on. It is a tiresome process, but apparently a(n)   54    one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting    55   .

  The idea of “law” exists in every culture. All societies have some kind of law to keep order and to control the interactions of people with those around them. The laws of any culture tell people three things: what they can do (their right), what they must do (their duties), and what they may not do. In addition, there are usually specific types of punishment for those who break the law.

  Although all societies have laws, not all have the same idea of justice—which is “right” and “wrong” and how “wrong” should be punished. In most Western cultures, it is thought that punishing criminals will prevent them from committing other crimes. Also, it is hoped that the fear of punishment will act as a deterrent(威慑) that prevents other people from committing similar crimes; in other words, people who are considering a life of crime will decide against it because of fear of punishment. In most non-Western cultures, by contrast, punishment is not seen as a deterrent. Instead, great importance is placed on restoring balance in the situation. A thief, for example, may be ordered to return the things he has stolen instead of, as in Western societies, spending time in prison.

   Another difference in the concept of justice lies in various societies’ ideas of what laws are. In the West, people consider “laws” quite different from “customs”. There is also a great contrast between “sins” (breaking religious laws) and “crimes” (breaking laws of the government). In many non-Western cultures, on the other hand, there is little separation of customs, laws, and religious beliefs; in other cultures, these three may be quite separate from one another, but still very much different from those in the West. For these reasons, an action may be considered a crime in one country, but be socially acceptable in others. For instance, although a thief is viewed as a criminal in much of the world, in a small village where there is considerable communal（公共的） living and sharing of objects, the word thief may have little meaning. Someone who has taken something without asking is simply considered an impolite person.

   Most countries have two kinds of law: criminal and civil. People who have been accused of acts such as murder or theft are heard in the criminal justice system, while civil justice deals with people who are believed to have violated others’ rights. The use of the civil system reflects the values of the society in which it exists. In the United States where personal, individual justice is considered very important, civil law has become “big business.” There are over 600,000 lawyers in the United States, and many of them keep busy with civil lawsuits; that is, they work for people who want to sue others. If a man falls over a torn rug in a hotel and breaks his arm, for instance, he might decide to sue the hotel owners so that they will pay his medical costs. In a country like Japan, by contrast, there is very little use of the civil justice system. Lawsuits are not very popular in Japan, where social harmony is even more important than individual rights, and where people would rather reach agreement outside court.

The main point of paragraph 1 is that____.

A. all societies, Western or non-Western, have some kind of law to keep order.

B. most countries in the world have two kinds of law “criminal and civil ”

C. there are usually specific types of punishment for those who break the law.

D. the laws of any culture dictate people’s rights, duties and what they are not supposed to do

Which is TRUE in most Western cultures?

A. Punishment has double functions.

B. A thief may be referred to as an impolite person.

C. Punishment is not regarded as a deterrent.

D. There is lots of communal living and sharing of objects.

Which statement is NOT true according to the article?

A. In the West, people think laws and customs are rather different.

B. In the West, there is little difference between “sins” and “crimes”.

C. An action that is considered a crime in one country may be socially acceptable in another.

D. There is far less use of the civil justice system in Japan than in the United States.

Which of the following cases are not heard in the criminal justice system?

A. Robbing a pedestrian.            B. Kidnapping people for ransom.

C. Breaking into a bank.                     D. Failing to pay back the money.

Thanks to the vivid ______, the speaker made the abstract concept accessible to all the audience.

  A. inflation           B. interference          C. illiteracy              D. illustration

--Mum, I’m going to visit my uncle. What about staying there a week?

--A week is too long. Try to be back in a _____ of days.

A. number            B. dozen               C. couple                D. score

The little boy has ______ many bad habits after going to school.

       A. broke away                                          B. got away from

       C. kept away from                              D. stayed away from

Even before they start school, many young girls worry that they are fat. But a new study suggests watching a movie starring a stereotypically(模式化地)thin and beautiful princess may not increase children’s anxieties.

Nearly half of the 3 to 6 year old girls in a study by Professor Stacey Tantleff-Dunn and doctoral student Sharon Hayes said they worry about being fat. About one-third would change a physical feature, such as their weight or hair color.

The number of girls worried about being fat at such a young age concerns Tantleff-Dunn because of the potential effects later in life. Studies have shown young girls worried about their body image are more likely to suffer from eating disorders when they are older.

The encouraging news for parents is that taking their young daughters to see the new Disney film “The Princess and the Frog” isn’t likely to influence how they see their bodies.

“The media have a great effect on how young girls see their bodies. That’s why it’s important for parents to use movies such as ‘The Princess and the Frog,’ to start conversations with their children about weight, skin color and their views of beauty. They can explain that princesses’ tiny waists are not realistic for girls and that children don’t need Cinderella’s golden hair or Snow White’s porcelain(瓷制的) skin to look good,” Tantleff-Dunn said.

“We need to help our children challenge the images of beauty, particularly thinness, that they see and idolize, and encourage them to question how much appearance should be part of their self-worth,” said Tantleff-Dunn. “We should help them build a positive self-image with an appreciation for many different types of body features.” And as their children’s most important role models, parents also should avoid criticizing their own bodies.

Tantleff-Dunn worries that young girls caring too much about their appearance may          .

A. have diet trouble in the future 

B. cause trouble when they are older

C. have mental problems later in life

D. have difficulty in communication

What is especially considered as beauty by girls according to the passage?

A. Having black hair.                          B. Having a slim body.

C. Having golden skin.                       D. Having big bright eyes.

Parents can help kids build a positive self-image by      .

A. encouraging kids to act as role models

B. preventing kids seeing beautiful models

C. telling kids the importance of appearance

D. avoiding complaining of their own bodies

The writer writes the passage mainly to          

A. explain the meaning of beauty        

B. introduce a new research finding

C. stress the influence of media on girls

D. teach girls how to become a princess

日前，由教育部、国家体育总局、共青团中央联合举办了“全国亿万青少年学生阳光体育运动”启动仪式，其影响巨大，意义深远。你在本校参与了此项活动，请你根据表格中所给信息写一篇英语短文。

注意：

　1、词数80～100个左右。

　2、短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　3、短文须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐句翻译，可适当加入细节和适当发挥，使短文通顺、连贯。

4、文中不得使用真实姓名、校名。

参考词汇：the launching ceremony 启动仪式；build up one's body strength 强身健体

          more effective效果更好

“Millions of young students nationwide sports sunshine” launched on April 29, 2007. The teachers and students in our school were organized to                                                

Allow children the space to voice their opinions,______ they are different from your own.

  A. until                     B. even if             C. unless              D. as though