Students throughout the world spend their money in different ways. A detailed study on student spending indicated that young people's spending habits have changed greatly over the past few years. The study also says that the change is about the same around the world, however. Here are some examples of popular student spending habits---both healthy and also unhealthy---around the world today.

    Students these days have too much brand awareness, so their spending on clothes is now quite high. On average, students buy one or two complete sets of new clothes each month, and this makes their total spending higher.

    Student spending shows quite an up-and-down pattern as they get older. Students spend a lot more money in high school than before their  high school years because when they enter high school, their exposure (接触到) to branded goods increases. As the students get close to graduation, their expenses start to go down. This is the time when they have to become more responsible about money and start to understand its importance.

    Students also spend a lot more on entertainment than their parents did when they were young, because of the easy access to entertainment these days. Shopping is considered to be quite entertaining because of all the different forms of amusement presented by shopping malls. These attract students to buy things.

    Student spending on food hasn't increased much, but there has been a marked increase in the use of alcohol. There are several more places in which students can drink now. The culture of having parties has also grown a lot among students too, and students usually end up spending a lot on alcohol in such places.

    This is not such a bad situation, actually. The study indicates that although student spending has shot through the roof, at the same time, they are financially much stronger today than they were in the past. This is compensation (补偿,回报), and probably it is just another branch of the life that we are living in this speedily advancing world.

   60. What is the passage mainly about?

     A. Unhealthy student spending habits.

     B. Why student spending is changing. 

     C. How a student should spend money.

     D. A study on student spending.

   61. Why do students spend less money just before graduation?

     A. They see fewer products.

     B. They are more conscious of the value of money.

     C. They have no time to entertain themselves or go shopping.

     D. Their spending on clothing goes down.

   62. What can we learn from the passage?

     A. Student spending habits are becoming worse and worse.

     B. Today's students spend more money on entertainment than on clothing.

     C. Today's students are better at earning money than their parents.

     D. Student spending on food has increased the least.

  63. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

     ①Paragraph 1;    ②=Paragraph 2;  ③=Paragraph 3;  ④=Paragraph 4;

⑤=Paragraph 5;  ⑥=Paragraph 6;

We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively(被动地). We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.

We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Although we are used to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.

Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is rumor (谣言).

Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on. Then the last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.

That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own feelings to a story, trying to improve it, marking it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.

This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.

According to the passage, passive learning may occur when a person is _______.

A. doing a medical experiment          B. solving a math problem

  C. watching news on TV               D. doing scientific reasoning

The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.

A. active learning     B. knowledge    C. communication       D. passive learning

The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.

  A. a message may be changed when being passed on

  B. a message should be delivered in different ways

  C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing  

D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor

What can we infer from the passage?

  A. Active learning is less important.

  B. Passive learning may not be dependable.

  C. Active learning occurs more frequently.

  D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.

  People in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother’s Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day, on the third Sunday in June. These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible(有责任感的) citizens. They give love and care. These two days make us think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers. More mothers now work outside the home. More fathers must help with child care.

 These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother. A white one shows that the mother is dead. Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery(墓地). On these days families get together at home, as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.

 Another tradition is to give cards and gifts. Children make them in school. Many people make their own presents. These are valued more than the ones bought in stores. It is not the value of the gift that is important, but it is “the thought that counts”. Greeting card stores, florists, candy makers, bakeries, telephone companies, and other stores do a lot of business during these holidays.

Which of the following is NOT a reason for children to show love and respect for parents? _________.

   A. Parents bring up children.

   B. Parents give love and care to children.

   C. Parents educate children to be good persons.

   D. Parents pass away before children grow up.

What do you think “florists” do? _________.

   A. They sell flowers.

   B. They make and sell bread.

   C. They offer enough room for having family parties.

   D. They sell special gifts for Mother’s Day and Father’s Day.

Which do you think is right about “carnation”? _________.

   A. It has only two kinds of colors.

   B. It refers to the special clothes people wear on Mother’s Day or Father’s Day.

   C. It’s a kind of flower showing love and best wishes.

   D. People can wear carnations only on the second Sunday in May.

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