Qian Xuesen is one of the pioneers of China's space science. As a world-famous expert on aerospace rockets and aerodynamics, he obtained great achievements in the areas of applied mechanics, engineering cybernetics and system engineering and made distinguished contributions to the foundation and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking(事业).

    He graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934, and Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study in MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one year later. After receiving master's degree in MIT, he went to study in California Institute of Technology and received PhD degrees in both aerospace and mathematics.

    In 1955, six years after the founding of People's Republic of China, Qian Xuesen returned to his motherland. His return brought China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles. In 1956, Qian Xuesen put forward “Proposal on the Development of China's Aviation Industry for National Defense”. With the support from Zhou Enlai, the premier, and marshal Nie Rongzheng, Qian Xuesen began to prepare for the establishment of China's first missile and rocket research and development structure, the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense. Henceforth(从此以后), he has long been in charge of the chief technological research and development of China's missile, rocket and spacecraft.

    Due to research and development led by Qian Xuesen, China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964. Later, China launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, to the earth orbit on April 24, 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to independently launch satellite following the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, France and Japan. The satellite floated around the earth, blaring(高声播放)the song Dong Fang Hong, which has the same name as the satellite.

    As a forerunner leading the development of China's aerospace science and technology, Qian Xuesen also provided chances for young scientists. Wang Yongzhi, former chief designer of China's manned-space project, has benefited a lot from Qian Xuesen. “He suggested that rocket of the second generation should be developed by our second generation scientists. This suggestion gave us chances to be general designers.” Recalling the experience working with Qian Xuesen, Sun Jiadong, general designer of China's lunar orbiter project, is very grateful. “He put great expectation on us and trusted us a lot. Whenever we made mistakes, he seldom blamed us, but helped us to find out the reason so we could avoid it in the future.”

    Honored as Father of China's Missile and King of Rockets, Qian Xuesen never stopped his work on scientific research after he retired. He said he had no time to review the past, but looked forward to the future.

When did Qian xuesen begin to study in Massachusetts Institute of Technology?

A. In 1955.     B. In 1935.    C. In 1936.     D. In 1934.

Which of the following is about the five countries that launched man-made satellite independently before 1970?

A. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the UK, France, China and Japan.

B. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, Japan, Canada and China.

C. America, France, Japan, China and Australia.

D. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, America, France, Japan and China.

What does the underlined word “forerunner”(Paragraph 5) probably mean?                                 

A. A leader.

C. A competitor.    B. A pioneer.

D. A successful scientist.

According to the passage, which of the following about Qian Xuesen is NOT true?

A. In 1956, he made good preparations for the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defence.

B. He made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of Chinese aerospace

undertaking.

C. He returned to China, bringing China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.

D. He devoted all his life to China’s space science.

It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that _________.

A. Qian Xuesen is very concerned about the development of young scientists

B. The help of Qian Xuesen is beneficial to young scientists

C. Qian Xuesen gives many opportunities to general designers

D. When the chief designers do something wrong, Qian Xuesen helps them find out the cause

假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Jim 计划要到中国上海观光并参观世博园。 请你根据下列表格中的信息,在信中向他介绍一下上海。

面积

7037.50平方千米

人口

超过1800万

名胜

东方明珠,豫园等

交通

公共汽车,出租车,地铁等

世博园

5个场馆群(各国,国际组织等博览会展示馆);世博会定于2010年5月1日至10月31日举行

注意:

1.100词左右。

2.开头和结尾处已给出,不计入总词数。

3.信中内容必须包括表格所提供的要点(可适当增加内容)

4.参考词汇: the Oriental Pearl Tower 东方明珠     Yu Garden 豫园

             Pavilion(展览会的)展示馆

             Expo 2010 Shanghai 上海世博会

Dear Jim,

     Learning that you are coming to visit Shanghai and the Expo Garden, I’m very glad to offer you some information about the city.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

Cultural practices, cultural differences, local manners, and mores: traveling the globe can be a behavioral minefield, even when you have the best intentions. Everything from greeting to eating can be an opportunity to do the wrong thing, and not only embarrass yourself, but offend your host countrymen. Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them while going abroad.

1.Touching Someone

Where It's Offensive

Korea, Thailand, China, Europe, the Middle East.

What's Offensive

In Mediterranean countries, if you don’t touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm embrace, you'll be considered cold. But backslapping someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea will make them uncomfortable. In Thailand, the head is considered sacred--never even pat a child on the head.

What You Should Do Instead

Observe what locals are doing and follow suit. In Eastern countries remember that touching and public displays of affection are unacceptable. In places like Qatar and Saudi Arabia, men and women are forbidden from talking, let alone touching.

2.Blowing Your Nose

Where It's Offensive

Japan, China, Saudi Arabia, France

What's Offensive

Some cultures find it disgusting to blow your nose in public--especially at the table. The Japanese and Chinese also dislike it even with a handkerchief.

What You Should Do Instead

If traveling through Eastern and Asian countries, don’t use handkerchief but choose disposable(可溶解的)tissues. In France and in Eastern countries, if you're dining and need to clear your nose, excuse yourself and head to the restroom.

3.Talking Over Dinner

Where It's Offensive

Africa, Japan, Thailand, China, Finland.

What's Offensive

In some countries, like China, Japan, and some African nations, don't start chatting while everyone else is digging into dinner, because mealtimes are for eating, not talking. Also avoid conversations in places a country might consider sacred or reflective---churches in Europe, temples in Thailand, and saunas in Finland.

What You Should Do Instead

Keep quiet!

4.Removing Your Shoes…or Not

Where It's Offensive

Hawaii, the South Pacific, Korea, China, Thailand

What's Offensive

Taking off shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party will be regarded as uncivilized, but failing to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands will be considered disrespectful.

What You Should Do Instead

If you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces. If not, keep the shoes on.

5.Knowing Your Right from Your Left

Where It's Offensive

India, Morocco, Africa, the Middle East

What's Offensive

Many cultures still prefer to eat using traditional methods--their hands. In these cases, food is often shared, which is why it's important to wash your hands before eating and observe the right-hand-is-for-eating and the left-hand-is-for-other-duties rule. If you eat with your left hand, expect your fellow diners to be offended.

What You Should Do Instead

Left-handed? Attempt to be ambidextrous --- even children who are left-handed in these cultures are taught to eat with their right hand.

In which country can you greet someone with a kiss?

       A. Thailand    B. England     C. Qatar  D. Hawaii

If you’re in Japan and you’ve got a bad cold, what should you do at dinner?

       A. Excuse yourself and leave for home.       B. Blow your nose with a handkerchief.

       C. Use some disposable tissues when needed D. Go to the restroom.

Before entering your friend’s house in a foreign country, you’d better ______.

       A. greet the host or hostess first    B. follow others’ behaviors

       C. remove your shoes first     D. respect their customs

To enjoy your dinner in India, you have to ______.

       A. avoid talking over dinner  B. keep your shoes on

       C. share food with others      D. eat with your right hand

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