阅读理解.根据短文内容.从下框的A---F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项. 选项中有一项为多余选项. A. The absorbing nourishment of ——青夏教育精英家教网—

     More teachers are starting off the school year with letters to parents and students to introduce themselves
and set a tone (基调)for the year. The letters are a good way to start positive communication with parents,
several teachers told Education World.
     "I think it's professional (专业的)," said Dorothy Peselli, an English teacher at Sparta
High School in Sparta, New Jersay, Peselli, who gives out the letters the first day of school,
told Education World."It gives parents an image of you as a professional. If you start
communication off in a positive manner, you will have the parents on your side when you need them."
     In her letter to parents, Peselli encourages them to call or e-mail her with specific concerns about their
children."I want to work as a team to make sure that your child becomes an independent lifelong learner,"
Peselli wrote to parents last September. She also telephones the parents of all her students at the beginning of
the year.
     Peselli includes with the letter a classroom handbook (手册) listing plans and rules. And she requires that
both parents and students read and sign statements (included in the letter!) that they read the handbook. The
student letter also lists needed supplies and gives encouragement."Please come to class ready to work and learn.
This will be an exciting year for all of us," it says.
     Last year, Peselli taught at a different high school and parents there were"shocked", but appreciative, that
she had so much contact with them,"I received roses and a thank-you note from one boy and his mother".
Peselli said. She wished her own children's teachers would take the time to write notes as well."I never got a
letter home from any of my daughter's high school teachers." She said. "It would be nice to know the
background of some of the people who are teaching my daughter."

1. We may learn from the text that ____.

A. most teachers are writing letters to parents and students
B. the handbook is used to list supplies and give encouragement
C. Peselli believe it important for teachers to exchange information with parents
D. Peselli mainly introduces her background and teaching experiences in the letters

2. The underlined word"it" in the fourth paragraph refers to _____.

A. the handbook B. the requirement C. the school D. the letter

3. We can infer from the last paragraph that _____.

A. parents were satisfied with Peselli's way of working
B. Peselli means to surprise parents by writing students
C.Peselli seemed to be popular among boy students
D. all Peselli's children are studying in high schools

4. The purpose of the text is to _____.

A. introduce an English teaching method
B. give advice on how to teach students
C. encourage teachers to keep in touch with parents
D. show us how Dorothy Peselli makes teaching plans

阅读理解。

     Songs that make our hearts happy can make them stronger too, US researchers reported on Tuesday.
     They found that when people listened to their favorite music, their blood vessels (血管) dilated in much
the same way as when they are laughing, or taking blood medications (药物).
     "We have a pretty impressive effect," said Dr Michael Miller, director of preventive cardiology (心脏病学)
at the University of Maryland Medical Center in Baltimore.
     "Blood vessel diameter improved," he said. "The vessel opened up pretty significantly. You can see the
vessels opening up with other activities such as exercise." A similar effect is seen with drugs such as statins.
     When blood vessels open up more, blood flows more smoothly and is less likely to form the clots (凝块)
that cause heart attacks and strokes. "We are not saying to stop your stations or not to exercise but rather to
add this to an overall program of heart health," said Miller, who presented his findings to a meeting of the
American Heart Association in New Orleans.
     Miller's team tested 10 healthy, non-smoking men and women, who were told to bring their favorite music.
They spent half an hour listening to the recordings and half an hour listening to music they said made them feel
anxious while the researchers did ultrasound (超声波) tests designed to show blood vessel function.
     Compared to their normal baseline measurements, blood vessel diameter increased 26 percent on average
when the volunteers heard their joyful music. Listening to music they disliked-in most cases in this group heavy
metal-blood vessels narrowed by six percent, Miller said.
     Miller said he came up with the idea after discovering that laughter caused blood to literally flow more
smoothly. "I asked myself what other things make us feel real good, besides calories from dark chocolate of
course. Music came to mind.... It makes me feel really good," he said.
     Most of the volunteers chose country music but Miller said the style is not so important rather than what
pleases each individual.

1. The underlined word dilate (in paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to "_____".

A. widen
B. move
C. change
D. increase

2. According to the passage, which of the following will NOT cause blood vessels to open up?

A. Taking exercise.
B. Listening to unpleasant music.
C. Bursting into laughter.
D. Taking drugs like statins.

3. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.

A. blood clots are caused by heart attacks and strokes
B. music is better than chocolate for your health
C. the style of music has different effects on different people
D. a person's overall health is more influenced by how much exercise he gets

4. What's the best title of the passage?

A. Pleasant Music Cures
B. Research into Blood Vessel
C. Music and Heart Attack
D. Music and Happiness

阅读理解。

     Pushy parents and teachers who"hothouse" the under-5s risk causing damage to the children's long term
development, a leading education expert said.
     Lilian Katz, Professor of Education at the University of Illinois, said that four-year-olds engaged in reading
and writing went on to perform worse academically than those engaged in imaginative learning. They scored
higher in tests at the age of 5, but children whose first year at school was stimulating outstripped them four
years later.
     The findings suggest that the government's structured approach to early years' learning could be storing
up problems for children. They also raise serious questions about the plan for all children to be able to read
by the age of 6.
     In many countries formal teaching does not start until children are 6 or 7 and have improved their social
and manual skills. Children start learning to read and write at 6 in the United States, France and Germany,
and at 7 in Finland and Sweden.
     Professor Katz said that in many schools the courses were"boring children to tears". Much academic
teaching required children to learn by memorizing pieces of information out of context, she said. Teaching
in reception class should instead allow children to develop their intellect by exploring their environments
and asking questions.
     "Research suggests the benefits of formal academic instruction for four-and five-year-olds seem to be
promising when they are tested early, but considerably less so in the long term. When these children are
followed over a period of three or more years, those who had early experience in more intellectually engaging
curricula were more likely to do well in school than their peers, who had received early academic instruction."
She advocates teaching children through first-hand experience and play, in mixed-aged classes. This can
include puppet shows, drawing or running a pretend shop in the classroom.

1. According to the passage, those who "hothouse" the under-5s would probably ______.

A. prefer a lot of interaction and stimulation while teaching
B. teach in a lively way to motivate kids' interest
C. push the kids to memorize pieces of information
D. care about the kids' physical development

2. What does the underlined word "outstripped" in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. did better than
B. looked down upon
C. caught up with
D. performed worse than

3. The message the author wants to deliver through the passage is that formal teaching ______.

A. can start at different times in different countries.
B. should not be started too early
C. is best carried out in Finland and Sweden
D. should include teaching children social and manual skills

4. Which of the following is NOT the opinion of Lilian Katz?

A. Children should be taught through first-hand experience.
B. Learning in a mixed-age class is good for children.
C. Running a shop can help children get good marks.
D. Puppet shows and drawing are useful and easy in teaching children.

阅读理解。

     Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand (缕) of hair,
a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.
     The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people's hair.
     "You're what you eat and drink, and that's recorded in your hair," said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the
University of Utah.
     While U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns.
The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.
     Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as
heavier isotopes (同位素). The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver
heavier water to California than to Utah.
     Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen
isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds
to about two months. Cerling's team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of
the regional difference. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from
65 barber shops. They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad region roughly corresponding
to the movement of rain systems.
     "It's not good for pinpointing (精确定位)," Cerling said. "It's good for eliminating many possibilities."
     Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman
whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake. The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a
T-shirt and several strands of hair. When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the
researches. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two
months. She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between
eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.
     "It's still a substantial area," Park said,"But it narrows its way down for me."

1. What is the scientists' new discovery?

A. One's hair growth has to do with the amount of water and drink.
B. A person's hair may show where they have lived.
C. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.
D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.

2. What is said about the rainfall in America's West?

A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.
B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.
C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.
D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.

3. What did Cerling's team produce in their research?

A. A map showing the regional difference of tap water.
B. A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.
C. A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.
D. A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.

4. What is the practical value of Cerling's research?

A. It helps analyze the quantity of water in different regions.
B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.
C. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.
D. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.

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