Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition "depending on who needs it".

Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌)

networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about "mother trees", usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down "mother trees" with no awareness of these highly complex "tree societies" or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

"We didn't take any notice of it" Simard says sadly. "Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance." If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

1.The underlined sentence "the opposite is true" in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees .

A. compete for survival

B. protect their own wealth

C. depend on each other

D. provide support for dying trees

2."Mother trees" are extremely important because they .

A. look the largest in size in the forest

B. pass on nutrition to young trees

C. seem more likely to be cut down by humans

D. know more about the complex "tree societies"

3.The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to .

A. how "tree societies" work

B. how trees grow old

C. how forestry industry develops

D. how young trees survive

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans

B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection

C. Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think

D. Trees Contribute To Our Society

Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇员)and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. He's never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. "Your working uniform is your shelter," he told her. "Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be."

Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee's occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions (情绪). Most importantly, it taught him willpower.

At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit; willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person's success.

And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. "Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren't working hard—but that's because they've made it automatic," Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said. "Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it."

The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers' lives. Those courses arc, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.

1.We loam from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must .

A. learn to give lectures

B. attend education programs

C. design a working uniform

D. develop a common hobby

2.Willpower will become a habit when employees can .

A. focus on the profits

B. benefit from the job

C. protect themselves well

D. control their feeling well

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A. G&G has grown into a large company.

B. G&G will spend half its profits training employees.

C. G&G may become more successful in the future.

D. G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:

· Schedule yearly exams. 1. Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.

· Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.

2.

Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 3. Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.

· 4. As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.

· Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 5. Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.

A. Eat your greens.

B. Eye care should begin early in life.

C. They can properly protect your eyes.

D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.

E. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.

F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.

G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.

It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor. We had to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock. I felt a little uneasy, but to my ，I had a good excuse: A business meeting had and I'd wasted no time getting to the dinner.

When I arrived at the ，1 apologized and told Eleanor I didn't mean to be late. She screamed, "You never mean to." Well, I tell she was angry. "I'm sorry but it was not ," I said. Then I told her about the business meeting. , my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive mad as well.

Several weeks later, when I the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, "You a classic mistake. You're stuck your own way of thinking. You didn't to be late. But that's not the point. What is in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor." He pointed out that I focused on the intention Eleanor focused on the result. Thus, of us felt misunderstood and crazy.

Thinking more about Ken's words, I recognized the root cause of such disagreement. It's the result of the action that really .I should have started the conversation by expressing my actions affected Eleanor and the discussions about my intention for later, much later and even never.

Later on, after talking to Eleanor and really her experience of the results

of my lateness, I've managed to be on time a lot more frequently.

1.A. StartedB. AgreedC. Continued D. Managed

2.A. ReliefB. SurpriseC. RegretD. Sorrow

3.A. broken outB. closed downC. faded awayD. run over

4.A. HouseB. RoomC. RestaurantD. Supermarket

5.A. CouldB. MustC.Will D. might

6.A. Movable B. Comfortable C. Acceptable D. Avoidable

7.A. However B. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Otherwise

8.A. Her B. HimC. meD. them

9.A. spread B. wroteC. translatedD. described

10.A. knewB. madeC. foundD. took

11.A. InB. beyondC. ForD. against

12.A. NeedB. ProveC. PretendD. Intend

13.A. FunnyB. ImportantC. PossibleD. Simple

14.A. WhileB. After C. UntilD. unless

15.A. AllB. NoneC. BothD. Neither

16.A. UsuallyB. MerelyC. HardlyD. gradually

17.A. InspiresB. MattersC. ImprovesD. challenges

18.A. HowB. WhyC. WhenD. what

19.A. ComparedB. ReportedC. FinishedD. saved

20.A. ShowingB. SatisfyingC. understanding D. destroying

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jonny: Hey! I'm just practicing Tai Chi(太极).Would you like to join me?

Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?

Jonny:It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.

Peter: OK. Don't laugh 1. me. I may look funny.

Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 2. (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly , then be sure to keep your balance and don't let your body shake.

Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 3. (pain)

Jonny: Keep 4. (hold) your position for a while .It helps develop your strength and flexibility .Raise your leg and let 5. stay in the air for seconds.

Peter: I feel my legs shaking . I cannot do this any longer.

Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 6. (call)“shadow boxing" in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 7. strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 8. (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!

Peter: Unbelievable! Oh..., 9. you don't mind, I'll stop and take a deep 10. .

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(试题内容如下)

Dear Jeremy and Alice，

Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbors, we're hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog—Cleo.

We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o'clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.

We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.

Sincerely,

Jack and Rose

假定你是学生会主席李华。学校将举办一次以“校园生活·创意无限”(Innovations on Campus)为主题的创意作品展评活动。请你根据以下图示，以短文

形式用英语写一份书面通知。

注意: 1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯;

3.开头及结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数。

参考词汇: 校园campus创意作品innovation颁奖prize-giving

A smile costs _______, but gives much.

A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything

--- Why not stay here a little longer?

--- _____, but I really have to go.

A. Never mind B. I’d love to C. Pleased to meet you D. I can’t find any reason

I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.

A. can’t B. dare not C. needn’t D. may not