Question

【题目】 Personality is, to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.

One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying，"Rejoice, we conquer!".

By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.

Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into Bs. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.

【1】 According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?

A. Inheritance.

B. environment .

C. Competition.

D. inheritance, competition and environment.

【2】 The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to _____.

A. pull up B. take up C. take in D. pull in

【3】 What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?

A. positive B. negative C. doubtful D. neutral

【4】What suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?

A. All students be made into competitive A types.

B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.

C. All students be changed into B characteristics.

D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了性格形成的影响因素，学校对学生性格的形成有很大的作用，此外作者给学校管理提出了一些建议。

【1】D推理判断题。根据第一段的描述：性格在很大程度上是先天形成的-A型性格的父母会有A型性格的子女。但环境也一定对其有深刻的影响，因为如果竞争对父母来说很重要的话，那它也可能成为孩子生活中的一个重要因素，可知遗传、竞争和环境都对性格的形成有影响，故选D。

【2】C词义猜测题。根据第二段的描述，可知第一句的含义是“让孩子吸收A型性格的一个地方是学校。”故划线的短语是“吸收”的意思，故选C。

【3】C观点态度题。根据第三段The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable,（通过考试来竞争这种做法的好处本身有点值得怀疑），可知作者对于考试是持怀疑态度的。A.积极的；B.消极的；C.怀疑的；D.中立的。故选C。

【4】B细节理解题。根据文章最后的描述The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.（这个世界需要各种性格的人，一个重要职责是使孩子的性格适合将来可能从事的工作。这才是最好的管理理念），可知B选项就是作者给学校管理提出的建议。