题目内容

I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.

A. so B. and C. for D. but

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“It is obvious that China will climb up university rankings in the years to come.”This statement from Phil Baty, editor of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, lines up with China’s optimism that it will produce world-class universities. But there are still difficulties to overcome, experts say.

Universities from China’s mainland slipped in the 2011-2012 Times’ global rankings. Peking University dropped 12 places from last year to 49th, and Tsinghua University fell to 71st place. Among Asian universities, Peking is ranked No. 4 and Tsinghua No. 8.

A combination of factors determines rankings — research output, study environment, reputation and international outlook.

Due to China’s economic development, investment (投入) in education and research has increased, but the quality of education and research in Chinese academia seems not to have kept pace.

The gauge (判定标准) is the number of papers published in highly respected English-language journals, so while many papers are being produced in China, it appears not all are good enough to attract international attention.

Still, higher education in China is developing quickly, thanks in part to huge government investment. China spent an amount equal to 3.69 percent of GDP on education last year, according to Ministry of Finance data.

China has the largest and one of the fastest growing higher education systems in the world — 2,723 schools for 31 million students. Enrollment (入学人数) has increased more than four times from 2001 to 2011.

1.What’s Phil Baty’s attitude towards the future of Chinese universities?

A. Unconcerned. B. Uncertain.

C. Optimistic. D. Worried.

2.What was Peking University’s place in the 2010 Times’ global rankings?

A. No. 4. B. No. 37. C. No. 49. D. No. 59.

3.All the following are factors that determine a university’s ranking EXCEPT _____.

A. the quantity of its published papers

B. how good its study environment is

C. the number of its graduates

D. how well-known it is

4.What is the problem with papers produced in China?

A. Lack of variety.

B. Lack of quality.

C. Not being translated well.

D. Not being tested enough.

A rising population is one of the main reasons that there is global warming. Between 1650 and 1850 the population increased by 0.75 billion people going from 0.25 billion to one billion. From 1930 to the end of the century the population rose from two billion to over six billion. In just a third of the time the population rose by more than five times what it did before. It is expected that this trend in the changing population will continue and could even heighten. The growing population requires increasing amounts of energy. These energy demands and other supplies require production, which almost always involves the emission of greenhouse gases. The more the population increases the more greenhouse gases that are produced and the greater the increase in temperature.

The burning of fossil fuels is one of the best-known causes for global warming. The major reason for fossil fuels contributing so much to global warming is the release of carbon that occurs during the burning of fossil fuels. When people burn fossil fuels, they release large amounts of carbon by way of the release of carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide in the air then leads to global warming.

Another source of carbon dioxide comes from deforestation. In forests there is a large amount of carbon that is stored in the trees and other plants. This carbon is out of the atmosphere because the trees consume the carbon from carbon dioxide. When people cut down trees, they are frequently burned. This burning releases the carbon dioxide into the atmosphere that was stored in organic matter. Even when new trees are planted, it can take up to one hundred years to make up for the carbon that was released. It is commonly thought that because trees absorb more carbon dioxide, the atmosphere experiences positive effects.

Sophie Armstrong, the writer of Earth Care put it, “There’s no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer because of human activity rather than a random but natural phenomenon.

1.Which of the following titles goes with the text?

A. A Rising Population

B. Saving Sources of Energy

C. Global warming: The causes

D. Carbon Dioxide

2.The underlined word “deforestation” means________ .

A. rising population B. burning of fossil fuels

C. greenhouse gas D. cutting down or burning trees.

3.To sum up from the passage, it is_________ that has caused global warming.

A. human activity B. sources of energy

C. natural forces D. the polluted atmosphere

4.Which column of a website might the passage come from?

A. Economy. B. Art C. Environment D. Health

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Testing the five-second rule

You may have seen a friend drop food on the floor, pick it up, and eat it, while declaring, “Five-second rule! ” It’s said that food dropped on the floor for five seconds or less is still likely to be clean. 1. .

Students at Britain’s Aston University, led by microbiology professor Anthony Hilton, tested the rule and found it to have some scientific basis. The study’s results show that food dropped for five seconds is less likely to contain bacteria than if it sits there for longer, according to Hilton.

The students also found that the type of flooring where the dropped food lands has an effect. 2. Bacteria are most likely to transfer from tiled (铺瓷砖的) surfaces to moist food when the food has stood there for more than five seconds.

3. Therefore, consumers should still be cautious. “However, the findings of this study will bring some light relief to those who have been employing the five-second rule for years, despite a general consensus that it is purely a myth,” professor Hilton said in a statement.

The research team at Aston also surveyed 500 people to find out who employs the five-second rule. Of the people surveyed, 87% said they would eat food dropped on the floor, or have done so in the past. 4. “Our study showed people are also more likely to follow the five-second rule, which our research has shown to be much more than an old wives’ tale,” Hilton says.

Still, scientists say you should be careful about eating food dropped on the floor, especially if you have doubts about the cleanliness of the surface. 5.

A. But is that true?

B. Carpeted surfaces posed the lowest risk.

C. Of those people, the majority were women.

D. We’ve just lost our last excuse to eat food off the floor.

E. Usually people recover from the infection in five to ten days.

F. There is still a risk of infection if certain bacteria are present on the dropped surface.

G. A biologist points out that one in six Americans get sick from food poisoning every year.

Why College Is Not Home

The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as apassagefrom the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.

To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on ” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.

Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.

Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.

It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.

Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

1.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?

A. Sympathetic. B. Disapproving.

C. Supportive. D. Neutral.

2.The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means _________.

A. change B. choice

C. text D. extension

3.According to the author, what role should college play?

A. To develop a shared identity among students.

B. To define and regulate students’ social behavior.

C. To provide a safe world without tension for students.

D. To foster students’ intellectual and personal development.

4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

I: Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点) C:Conclusion

The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end.

A. rewarded B. were rewarded

C. will reward D. will be rewarded

—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?

—The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours.

A. waited B. wait

C. would be waiting D. have been waiting

A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.

Frank Hurley’s pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism—if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海滩), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.

The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.

As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott’s last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world’s imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.

1.What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?

A. They were made last week.

B. They showed undersea sceneries.

C. They were found by a cameraman.

D. They recorded a disastrous adventure.

2.Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?

A. Frank Hurley.

B. Ernest Shackleton.

C. Robert Falcon Scott.

D. Caroline Alexander.

3.What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?

A. Artistic creation.

B. Scientific research.

C. Money making.

D. Treasure hunting.

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21~40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be ______ him. I hated the place.I had never ______ been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was ______—almost 125 °F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌). ______ a soul to talk to. The wind blew non-stop,and all the food I ate,and the very air I breathed,were ______ with sand, sand, sand!

I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was ______ and coming back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer. I ______ be in prison! My father answered my ______ with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my ______— two lines that completely changed my life:

Two men looked out from prison bars,

One saw the mud,the other saw the stars.

I read those two lines______. I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present ______ I would look for the stars.

I made friends with the natives,and their ______ amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had ______ to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus.I watched for the desert sunsets,and ______ for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean______.

What brought about this ______ change in me? The desert hadn’t changed, ______ I had.I had changed my ______. And by doing so,I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing______ of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and ______ the stars.

1.A. off B. behind C. near D. beyond

2.A. before B. already C. then D. still

3.A. inflexible B. incomprehensible C. uncontrollable D.unbearable

4.A. Only B.Not C. Many D.Such

5.A. covered B. filled C. buried D. charged

6.A. catching up B. keeping up C. giving up D.getting up

7.A. ought to B. might well C. would rather D.had better

8.A.request B. call C. question D.letter

9.A. comparison B. imagination C. consideration D. memory

10.A. over and over B. by and by C. up and down D.now and then

11.A. company B. occupation C. situation D.relationship

12.A. movement B. reaction C. guidance D.purpose

13.A. refused B. failed C. managed D.happened

14.A. asked B. hunted C. waited D.headed

15.A. floor B. surface C. rock D.level

16.A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling D.astonishing

17.A. as B. but C. for D.or

18.A. attitude B. principle C. identity D.standard

19.A. vacation B. operation C. affair D. adventure

20.A. sought B. counted C. found D.reached

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