is known that those actions that people dislike go against the will of people. A.As B.It C.What D.That 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

______ is known that those actions that people dislike go against the will of people.

A.As

B.It

C.What

D.That

答案：B
解析：

解析：It's known that 众所周知，that引导的是主语从句，it是形式主语。如果that改为逗号，则选择A，as作关系代词，引导定语从句。
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You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”.

“The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd (奇怪的),” Gray told the BBC. “They [elevators] are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”

We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.

He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want – it’s your own little box.

If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance.

When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.

New entrants to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple – look down, or look at your phone.

Why are we so awkward in lifts?

“You don’t have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arm’s length of distance between us. And that’s not possible in most elevators.”

In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed (理解) as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.

1.The main purpose of the article is to _____.

A. remind us to enjoy ourselves in the elevator

B. tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquette

C. share an interesting but awkward elevator ride

D. analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator

2.According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _____.

A. turn around and greet one another

B. look around or examine their phone

C. make eye contact with those in the elevator

D. try to keep a distance from other people

3.Which of the following describes how people usually stand when there are at least two people in an elevator?

4.The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _____.

A. judge B. ignore C. put up with D. make the best of

5.According to the article, people feel awkward in lifts because of _____.

A. someone’s odd behaviors

B. the lack of space

C. their unfamiliarity with one another

D. their eye contact with one another

The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.

Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, and no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspected.

In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gesture. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A more emotional man might describe her state “Oh, she is a goddess”, whereas an Englishman might just say “Oh, she’s all right.” An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It’s not bad you know”, or on seeing some very unusual scenery he might convey (表达) his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice.” The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that “all right,” “not bad,” and “nice,” very often have the sense of “first-class,” “excellent,” “beautiful”. This unique style of language use is particularly common in England, and is known as restrained statement.

1.According to the passage, the English are different from other nationalities in _______.

A．habits

B．attitudes

C．character

D．all of the above

2.The underlined word “restrained” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.

A．calm and controlled	B．polite and friendly
C．nervous and quiet	D．silent and kind

3.In Britain, if you don’t want other people to think you are strange, you’d better _________.

A．talk with others as much as possible

B．behave just like the English do

C．say nothing about yourself

D．shake hands with everyone you meet

4.If an Englishman says “all right”, it may mean “________”.

A．not bad

B．correct

C．quite right

D．wonderful

5.From the passage, we can infer that an Englishman _________.

A．doesn’t like to show his feelings so much

B．has less emotion than people of other nationalities

C．finds it easy to express his emotion

D．likes to have a joke with strangers

第三节：单句改错（每小题1分，满分5分）

在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词(每句均有一个错误)。

81. What the earth travels around the sun is known to us all. 81. _______

82. The ruler that he bought yesterday was lain on the table. 82.________

83. He returned in the afternoon of his birthday. 83. ________

84. He spoke too rapidly that we couldn’t clearly understand him. 84. _________

85. He shouldn’t have gone abroad, for I saw him in the part this morning. 85. _________

Ⅲ 阅读 (共两节，满分40分)

第一节阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

For most pregnant women, exercise is the last thing on their minds. After all, keeping slim while you’re expecting isn’t exactly the top priority— rather, it’s making sure your baby gets enough nutrients to grow. But in a small new study, researchers at the University of Auckland in New Zealand report that a mother’s regular aerobic exercise may be good for a growing fetus’ health — and may even help a baby get a healthier start in life.

The finding is a bit surprising, because exercise is known to lower the risk of insulin resistance（胰岛素抵抗），a condition eventually leading to diabetes（糖尿病）. Although insulin resistance is a detriment in healthy adults, it turns out to be helpful for proper fetal（胎儿）development. In pregnant women, this condition means nutrients get shunted to the growing baby.

The question is: could a mother’s exercise put her developing baby’s food supply at risk? Past studies looking at the effect of exercise on birth weight have been inconclusive, and none have really investigated the influence of exercise on the mother’s sensitivity to insulin. So the University of Auckland’s Dr. Paul Hoffman and his team decided to study 84 first-time mothers, who were of normal weight on average, and track any effects aerobic exercise(有氧运动) might have on their insulin sensitivity and, ultimately, on their babies’ birth weight. Researchers asked some women to exercise on a stationary bicycle for at least 40 minutes per session, up to five times each week, starting in the 20th week of pregnancy; the other women were not specifically asked to exercise. When the two groups and their babies were compared, the team found that women who bicycled regularly gave birth to babies who were on average 150g lighter than those born to the non-exercising mothers. In both groups, however, the babies were of healthy weight, and there was no difference in the mothers’ weights.

Generally speaking, babies on the lower end of the normal weight range are considered healthier and less prone to developing diabetes and obesity than heavier ones, so this was an encouraging result. Even more reassuring was that regular exercise did not seem to affect the flow of nutrients to the growing babies in the womb.

1. According to the new study, a pregnant woman’s regular exercise may _______.

A. bring benefits to a baby’s growth

B. lower the risk of insulin resistance

C. put her baby’s food supply at risk

D. help her keep slim and healthy

2. What does the underlined word “detriment” mean in the second paragraph?

A. Something that brings good.

B. Something that brings damage.

C. Something that brings obstacles.

D. Something that brings development.

3. What is the purpose of the experiment carried out by Dr. Paul Hoffman?

A. To investigate the influence of exercise on pregnant women.

B. To find out what aerobic exercise can benefit a baby’s growth.

C. To make sure of the effects exercise may have on babies’ birth weight

D. To compare the differences between mothers who exercise and who don’t

4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Lighter babies are generally believed to be healthier than heavier ones.

B. Non－exercising mothers will definitely give birth to heavier babies.

C. No studies have looked at the effect of exercise on birth weight before.

D. Some women studied were asked to exercise regularly while some don’t.

5. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?

A. All mothers should take aerobic exercise.

B. Moms who exercise give birth to lighter babies。

C. Exercise reduces the risk of insulin resistance.

D. Heavier babies are more likely to develop diabetes.

He is known _____ his being on time, so we don’t know the reason ____ his being late this time.

A. for; of B. as; for C. for; for D. of; of

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