题目内容

Wilma was born on June 23, 1940 in St Bethlehem, Tennesse. By the time she was 6, Wilma Rudolph was given metal braces(支架) to aid her in walking. She started receiving treatment with help from her family. A few years later, she walked without any assistance into the church.

When she was in junior high, she joined the basketball team. She finally made an appeal to compete in games again and when her wish was finally permitted, she amazed everyone by leading the team to an undefeated season and the state championships. Though they lost the championship title in the end, Wilma Rudolph earned the attention of the women’s track coach, Ed Template at Tennessee State University and was invited to join the “Tigerbelles”. Her efforts paid off as she turned out to be so good that the Tigerbellers invited her to join them in the national Olympic team trails. Not only did she make it into the team, but she won a bronze medal in the 4×100m relay at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. Four years later, Rudolph set a world 200m record(22.9 seconds) at the 1960 US Championships. At the Rome Olympics in 1960, she competed in the 100m, 200m and 4×100m relay, and equaled the world record of 11.3 seconds in the semifinals (半决赛) of the 100m. She won the final by three metres in 11.0 seconds, but it was not accepted as a world record. Wilma Rudolph’s extraordinary achivevements in Rome made her a darling of the European press who gave her the nickname “the Black Gazelle(羚羊)” and “The Black Pearl”. She also became the first woman in American history to win 3 gold medals in the Olympics and was crowned “the Fastest Woman in the World”. Wilma Rudolph’s spirit inspired people such as Jackie Joyner Kersee and Florence Griffith Joyner who became the next woman to win 3 gold medals.

1.What problem did Wilma face according to Paragraph 1?

A. Not being able to walk

B. Not being able to speak

C. Losing her sight

D. Losing her hearing

2.According to the passage, Wilma could join the “Tiger-belles” mainly because of .

A. her being Ed Template’s favourite athlete

B. her strong appeal to Ed Template

C. her outstanding performances in basketball games

D. her winning the championship title

3.We learn that Wilma broke the world record in .

A. the 4×100m relay at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics

B. the semifinals of the 100m at the Rome Olympics

C. the final of the 100m at the Rome Olympics

D. the 200m at the 1960 US Championships

4.How many people that at least won 3 Olympics gold medals in American history are mentioned in the passages?

A. Three B. One C. Four D. Five

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Men are spending more and more time in the kitchen encouraged by celebrity (名人) chefs like Gordon Ramsay and Jamie Oliver, according to a report from Oxford University.

The effect of the celebrity role models, who have given cooking a more manly picture, has combined with a more general drive towards sexual equality and men now spend more than twice the amount of time preparing meals than they did in 1961.

According to the research by Prof. Jonatahn Gershuny, who runs the Centre for Time Research at Oxford, men now spend more than half an hour a day cooking, up from just 12 minutes a day in 1961.

Prof. Gershuny said, “The man in the kitchen is part of a much wider social trend. There has been 40 years of sexual equality, but there is another 40 years probably to come.”

Women, who a generation ago spent nearly two hours a day cooking, now spend just one hour and seven minutes—a great fall, but they still spend far more time in the kitchen than men.

Some experts have named these men in aprons as “Gastrosexuals (men using cooking skills to impress friends)”, who have been inspired to pick up a kitchen knife by the success of Ramsay, Oliver as well as other male celebrity chefs such as Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, Marco Pierre White and Keith Floyd.

“I was married in 1974. When my father came to visit me a few weeks later, I was wearing an apron when I opened the door. He laughed,” said Prof. Gershuny. “That would never happen now.”

Two-thirds of adults say that they come together to share at least three times a week, even if it is not necessarily around a kitchen or dining room table. Prof. Gershuny pointed out that the family meal was now rarely eaten by all of its members around a table—with many “family meals” in fact taken on the sofa in the sitting room, and shared by family members. “The family meal has changed a lot, and few of us eat—as I did when I was a child—at least two meals a day together as a family. But it has survived in a different format.”

1.What is one reason behind the trend that men spend more time cooking than before?

A. The improvement of cooks’ status.

B. The influence of popular female chefs.

C. The change of female’s view on cooking.

D. The development of sexual equality campaign.

2.What does the author think about the time men and women spend on cooking?

A. Men spend more time cooking than women nowadays.

B. Women spend much less time on cooking than before.

C. It will take 40 years before men spend more time at the stove than women.

D. There is a sharp decline in the time men spend on cooking compared with 1961.

3.How did Prof. Gershuny see the family meal according to the passage?

A. It has become a thing of the past.

B. It is very different from what it used to be.

C. It shouldn’t be advocated in modern times.

D. It is beneficial to the stability of the family.

4.Which is the best title for the passage?

A. The Changes of Family Meals

B. Equality between Men and Women

C. Cooking into a New Trend for Men

D. Cooking—a Thing of the Past for Women

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct

G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze

Golden Rules of Good Design

What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 1. the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.

Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 2.

More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 3. design. Post-Modernist designers began to 4. with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 5. such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 6. . For example, think of a(n) 7. desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 8. light where it is needed.

From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 9. device that allows us to easily 10. the toothpaste onto our brush.

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