题目内容
Educating girls quite possibly harvests a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women's education may be an unusual economical field, but increasing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its focus on encouragement, provides an explanation for why so many girls are rid of an education.
Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school -- the prophecy (观念) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious (恶性的) circle of neglect.
An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.
Few will argue that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant effect on health practices, including family planning.
Topic: The significance of female (1)______________ in developing countries
| Viewpoint | Educating girls is more beneficial and worthy of being (2)_______________ . | |
| Families | From low-income families | From educated mothers' families |
| Attitudes | Girls are of less (3)______________ than boys. | Development should be for all the (4)______________. |
| Practices | There is (5)________________ investment in daughters, while boys are sent to school. Girls are made to stay at home, (6)______________ housework. | It is insisted that girls and boys be offered chances to be educated (7)_____________ . |
| Consequences | A vicious circle | A virtuous circle |
| Significance | Educating women (8)___________ to social benefits, has economic advantages and (9)____________ health practices significantly, including family planning. | |
| (10)_________ | Educating girls in developing countries is important and rewarding. | |
【小题1】education
【小题2】invested
【小题3】value/importance/significance
【小题4】children
【小题5】no/little
【小题6】doing
【小题7】fairly/equally
【小题8】contributes/leads
【小题9】affects
【小题10】Conclusion
解析试题分析：文章介绍很多发展中国家不重视对女孩的教育，而实际上，教育女孩是有价值的投资。
【小题1】原词重现：从第一段的句子：Women's education may be unusual territory for economists可知教育女孩是有价值的投资：填 education
【小题2】词性转化题：从第一段的句子：Educating girls quite possibly harvests a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world.可知将investment改成 invested
【小题3】词义归纳题从第二段的句子：Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework可知将valuable改成 value/importance/significance
【小题4】原词重现：从第三段的句子：She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children,可知答案是children
【小题5】词义归纳题：从第二段的句子：Parents in low-income countries fail to invest（投资）in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family 可知低收入家庭不会或很少投资女孩的教育，填no/little
【小题6】词形转化题：从第二段的句子：Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework可知填 doing
【小题7】词形转化题：从第三段的句子：ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. 可知填fairly/equally
【小题8】固定词组题：从第四段的句子：Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well.可知填contributes/leads contributes/leads
【小题9】词形转化题：从最后一段的句子：Educating women also has a significant effect on health practices, including family planning.可知effects改成 affects
【小题10】归纳题：右边是这篇文章的结论：Conclusion
考点：考查任务型阅读
---What’s your favorite sport?
----Skiing.__________.
| A．I get a kick out of it | B．I prefer it |
| C．I choose it | D．I’m used to it |
At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very different 100 years ago.
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.
Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in “traditional” families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster families, blended families (where men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），childless families, and so on.
What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II（1939-1945)，5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these "war widows" had to go to work outside their home.
During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing up. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.
In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the structure of the family. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replaced the "traditional" family as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.
The Changes of the American Family
| Main comparisons | Contexts | |
| Different___【小题1】____ | There were two __【小题2】___ types of families in the past, ___【小题3】____, the extended and the nuclear. | |
| Nowadays __【小题4】___types of families can be seen than before. | ||
| Changes in different ___【小题5】_____. | In the 1900s and 1940s | Many of the women had to work outside due to the __【小题6】___of money., thus causing the fall of __【小题7】__and the rise of divorce rate. |
| In the 1950s | Divorce rate slided and there were more children . The families tended to be ___【小题8】___ again. | |
| In the years between 1960s and 1990s | Different types of familes__【小题9】____. Traditional families are no longer the typical ones in America. | |
| A trend worth noting | ||
| Author’s opinion on changes | Judging from what has happened in the past,it is ____【小题10】_____ that the present structure will experience changes again in the near future. | |
Society is a web of relationships, requiring all parties(群体) to work together to create something good. What makes society work best are effective(有效的) relationships that are based on mutual(相互的) understanding. If you understand what people want and why they want it, you can usually find a way to make progress together.
High-quality relationships make people happy. Some people living in the poorest communities have almost nothing but turn out to be the happiest because they share a life, together. If effective relationships are working, happiness is always possible.
Here are some simple tips for building effective relationships.
Listen to and try to understand others' positions and feelings. Listening in itself can lead to understanding, and if you understand someone else fully, then you know how to work better with him or her.
Openly express your needs and feeling. Sometimes we expect people particularly those close to us at home or work to understand what we want and to give us what we need intuitively (凭直 觉地). However, people are so complicated and so different that even when they have lived together for 60 years, they can still surprise each other. So we need to say what we need and to express how we feel.
In order to make our relationships more effective, we should treat ourselves and other people with respect. Respect is one of the most important elements of any good relationship.
Finally, learn to face differences correctly. Learning this takes time and can be uncomfortable. However, if we can try to remove differences in an effective way, we are more likely to build exciting and satisfying relationships with others.
By doing these things you may discover that the happiness you long for is much closer than you thought.
Title: 【小题1】
| 【小题2】. | 【小题3】 |
| Make society 【小题4】________ Help people find a way to 【小题5】_________ Make people happy because of their 【小题6】_______ | Understand other’s positions and feelings by【小题7】_________ Try to express your needs and feelings 【小题8】 _______________ Treat yourself and others 【小题9】__________ Learn to face the 【小题10】_________in a correct way |