[题目]Pizza: the World’s Favorite FoodFood, and the way we eat it, is always changing. As society develops, we learn of growing, processing, and cooking food. What we ate 200 years ago was very differe 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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【题目】Pizza: the World’s Favorite Food

Food, and the way we eat it, is always changing. As society develops, we learn of growing, processing, and cooking food. What we ate 200 years ago was very different from what we eat today. Also, when people travel to live in other countries, they take their knowledge of cooking with them. And food must fit modem lifestyles and local tastes, too. One food that has done this successfully is the pizza.

The pizza we recognize today first appeared in Italy in 1889. A famous baker from Naples made a special pizza for the Italian royal （王室的） family. He was very worried they wouldn’t like it but they did. Queen Margherita loved the dish so much, and the baker named it after her. Since then, this simple meal of bread, cheese, and tomato has traveled the world, and it has adapted to local cultures. The pizza began its journey in the 1890s, when many Italians moved to New York in search of a better life. There they continued to make pizzas, and the first pizzeria opened in 1905.

At first it was only popular with Italians, but by the late 1940s, Americans discovered a taste for it. Today, they spend ＄37 billion a year on pizzas. That’s more than ＄100 per American!

The pizza continued its travels around the world, adapting all the time. In Sweden, for example, it is usual to have bananas on pizzas. In Belgium, people eat chocolate pizzas with marshmallows on top. Japan is a nation of seafood lovers, so not surprisingly, they love octopus and squid, as well as roasted seaweed, toppings. Australians sometimes choose kangaroo or crocodile on their pizza.

The popularity of the pizza is also related to our changing lifestyles. In today’s super-fast society, people often don’t have the time or energy to cook. So, they order takeout—and very often, it’s a pizza. Sometimes you don’t even have to pick it up; it’s delivered to your home. If you don’t even have time to sit down, buy a single slice and eat it standing up!

The pizza has come a long way. From its beginnings m an Italian city, it has grown to become one of the world’s favorite foods.

【1】The pizza first appeared as ________.

A.a homemade white breadB.a fast food for travelers

C.a dish for the royal familyD.a popular local food

【2】When did the pizza arrive in New York?

A.In 1889.B.In the 1890s.

C.In 1905.D.In the 1940s.

【3】In which country do people love pizzas with bananas on top?

A.Japan.B.Belgium.

C.Sweden.D.Australia.

【4】The passage mainly tells us ________.

A.how the pizza gets popularB.who made the first pizza

C.how the pizza is madeD.where the pizza came from

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】C

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了披萨是如何流行起来的。

【1】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A famous baker from Naples made a special pizza for the Italian royal （王室的） family.”可知，一位那不勒斯的著名面包师为意大利皇室制作了一种特别的披萨，由此可知，披萨最初是作为皇室的一道菜肴出现的，故C项正确。

【2】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The pizza began its journey in the 1890s, when many Italians moved to New York in search of a better life. There they continued to make pizzas, and the first pizzeria opened in 1905.”可知，19世纪90年代披萨开始了它的世界之旅，当时许多意大利人为了追求更好的生活搬到了纽约，在那里，他们继续做披萨，第一家比萨店于1905年开业，由此可知，披萨是19世纪90年代传到纽约的，故B项正确。

【3】

细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In Sweden, for example, it is usual to have bananas on pizzas.”可知，例如，瑞典人通常会在披萨上放香蕉（喜欢上面放香蕉的披萨），故C项正确。

【4】

主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章标题（披萨：世界上最受欢迎的食物）可知，本文主要介绍的是披萨是如何流行起来的，故A项正确。

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The Floating School

Life on the islands can feel a bit isolated due to a lack of electricity and internet connectivity.

Although some of the islands have primary schools, most young people must travel to the larger islands or to the mainland to attend high school. Schools on the islands follow the 【1】 curriculum (课程). They don't teach subjects such as maritime skills, swimming or local fishing traditions, and so the curriculum isn't always 【2】 with students' everyday life.

So, we 【3】 the Floating School after winning funding through a US State Department grant competition called Seeds for the Future. Before we started the school, we spoke with young people, community leaders and teachers on the islands to find out the topics young people are most interested in. We also learned about the various 【4】 of students and young people who don't go to school. Thus, we 【5】 our own non-formal educational programme that fits with the context of life on the islands. For example, those working in fishing have responsibility 【6】 the marine life, so we teach environmental protection and discourage destructive fishing practices.

The Floating School is a wooden boat that can 【7】 up to twenty people and it goes to the students, not the other way around -- we use it to transport educational materials, tools, and teachers to young people living on the islands. Our teachers are local young 【8】— so far we have had journalists, photographers, computer engineers and musicians — and students who want to 【9】 their skills.

At first, many of the young people thought the Floating School would be the same as their schools on the islands. They had thought of the teachers to be 【10】. But our students learn through art, media and literature. They don't have to wear uniforms or shoes, and the teachers treat the students as equals, without judging them. This means our students can be themselves.

【题目】请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
The expression, “everybody's doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.
People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people's lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.
For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”
However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.
Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

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【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Usually two types of students tended to be inactive in classrooms: some are natural shy; some are not learning or haven’t prepared at all. Some shy students who do have great ideas and understanding, but they are not used to volunteer to speak. You may wish to wait a chance to be called. Teachers can take opportunity to encourage or invite them to give their views. But for the latter, requiring them to speak may be embarrassed because they usually know nothing. Group work is the good method to encourage students to talk, for it would be easy to talk to a small number of people than to a big class, and to classmates than to teachers.

【题目】The 22nd APEC summit has come to an end, but the Chinese elements ______ the meetings have drawn widespread attention from the public.

A. absorbed in B. concerned about

C. modeled after D. attached to

【题目】任务型阅读
Many of us invest valuable time，energy and money planning our vacations. We do this because we know for sure that going on vacations must be good for us. Research proves this feeling without a doubt. Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.
Yet, despite these benefits, many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK - but not great. In order to change this, some mistakes should be avoided. A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部分) Perhaps you're planning a trip to Europe, seven cities in 10 days，and you realize it will cost only a little more to add two more destinations to the list Sounds fine in theory, but hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness - time to take in our new surroundings, time to be present and absorb our travel experiences. Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B，or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey. These issues may seem important, but our psychological state of mind is far more important.
Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules. First, choose your travel companions wisely, because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions. Second，don't spend your vacation time in a place where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood. Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.

①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
⑨
⑩

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last Saturday, I , with a friend of mine, were having a picnic in a park when it began to rain heavily. We packed everything up rapid and were ready to leave. My friend, her hair was already wet, suddenly couldn’t move and speak. Her eye were rolling and she was about to lose consciousness. I was so frightening that I didn’t know how to doo. Luckily, a woman on a bicycle appeared. Struggle with the rain, she managed to call an ambulance. My friend has recovered the next morning. I am so grateful for the woman. But I haven’t even got chance to thank her.

【题目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

AI artwork sells for $432,500 — nearly 45 times its high【1】 — as Christie’s becomes the first auction house to offer a work of art created by an algorithm. This portrait, however, is not the product of a human mind. It was created by an【2】 intelligence, an algorithm defined by that algebraic formula with its many parentheses. And when it went under the【3】 in the Prints & Multiples sale at Christie’s on 23-25 October, Portrait of Edmond Belamy sold for an【4】 $432,500, signaling the arrival of AI art on the world auction stage.

From a distance, Portrait of Edmond de Belamy looks almost plausible. Up close, however, the paintwork becomes a grid of mechanical-looking dots, the man’s face a golden blur with black holes for eyes. Look into those eyes. They show no sign of feeling or life. Did a computer make this?

The answer is yes. The first artwork【5】 by AI to be sold at Christie’s, its【6】 price would seem to suggest that in future we will get computers to make art for us. Robot van Gogh will harmlessly cut its ear off and robot Picasso will be a genius.

Is this the future AI art visionaries such as the French collective Obvious, which programmed this “painter” by getting it to compare its own work with 15,000 pre-20th century portraits, have in mind? Or are they just, God forbid, making a fast buck from deceivable art collectors? Because believing the algorithm that knocked this up to be in any meaningful way an “artist” is like thinking your voice-interaction programme is out to get you. Dream on. Computers would need to replicate human consciousness before they could replicate the funny thing humans do called “art”.

Art is a way in which human 【7】 expresses itself, and is equally true of the earliest cave art, Rembrandt’s portraits and Duchamp’s urinal. And that is what is missing from Portrait of Edmond Bellamy. Art is a way humans communicate ideas, perceptions and feelings to each other. It has no 【8】 outside the human passion to communicate. So in what meaningful sense can an AI replica of certain【9】 traits of old master paintings be called art?

For a robot to really make art, it would need an autonomous mind that was emotional as well as【10】. No AI developer has yet claimed to be anywhere near achieving that and if they ever do, their creation will probably have better things to do than paint portraits — like destroy humanity.

Maybe afterwards robots will invent their own kind of art, but it won’t be some poor pastiche of human genius.

It will be beyond anything we organics could imagine.

【题目】阅读下面短文，回答文后的 5 个问题，并把答案写在答题卡上。

Humans share Earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal and plant friends may not be around for much longer. According to a recent report on biodiversity, 1 million of Earth's 8 million species (物种) are in danger of extinction(灭绝).

Humans are mainly responsible for the danger. According to the report, the world's population has doubled in the last 50 years. Humans have used over a third of the world's land and 75% of fresh water to grow crops and keep animals. As a result, there are fewer habitats and fewer natural resources available.

Because of human activities, the global rate of species extinction over the past 50 years has been higher than it has averaged over the past 10 million years. The species extinction could have serious effects on ecosystems. We fail to notice when losing one species, then another, then… These are the types of changes we're observing where entire ecosystems break down. These developments lead scientists to believe that there could be a sixth mass extinction, the first to be caused by humans. No one want to experience one mass extinction like the one where the dinosaurs that died out last time.

Aimed at solving the problem, many countries have taken action. For example, China has banned the use of rhino horn and tiger bones, and the ivory trade, reported China Daily. According to Huffpost, there are things that we can do personally to save species. For example, don't buy products made from illegal ( 非法的)wildlife parts and reduce water waste. “Each individual action has an effect and every person can make a difference - through a mass we can turn the tide,” said Claudia Sobrevila, from Global Wildlife Program, according to official website of the WorldBank.

【1】What is the present situation of wildlife in the world?

________________

【2】Complete the following chart. (each with two words)

________________

【3】What might be the worst result if the situation continues?

________________

【4】(1) and (2) can make a difference in saving endangered species.(each with one word)

________________

【5】What’s the purpose of the writer?

________________

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