题目内容
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural backgrounds in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
1.What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?
A. Love B. Politeness C. Joy D. Thankfulness
2.The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can ________.
A. show friendliness to strangers
B. be used to hide true feelings
C. be used in the wrong places
D. show personal habits
3.What should we do before attempting to “read” people?
A. Learn about their relations with others
B. Understand their cultural backgrounds
C. Find out about their past experience
D. Figure out what they will do next
4.What would be the best title for the test?
A. Cultural Differences
B. Smiles and Relationships
C. Facial Expressiveness
D. Habits and Emotions
New York State has passed the USA’s first state law banning motorists talking on hand-held cell phones. The ban will begin November 1, although drivers caught using hand-held cell phones will be given only warnings during the first month.
First-time violators(违法者) will face a ＄100 fine. A second time call for a ＄200 fine and every violation after that will cost＄500．
At least a dozen localities(地方) have established bans, starting in 1999; and 40 states have had bans proposed but not passed．At least 23 countries, including the Great Britain, Italy, Israel and Japan, ban drivers from using hand-held cell phones.
There are about 115 million cell phones in use in the United States and more than 6 million in New York State.
“To think that I’m not going to use cell phone when at the same time I can still use my laptop, I still can read a paper, I can still change my pants(裤子) while driving 65 mph. I think there’s just something wrong,” an official said．
Other critics noted that other things like eating, drinking coffee and applying make-up while driving posed(造成) at least as much of a concern. They suggested that the ban include a broader range of things.
1．How much fine will a hand-held cell phone user receive if he has been caught using it four times while driving after November?
A．$500． B．$1000． C．$1200． D．$1300．
2．We can see from this passage that _______.
A．the ban has been put into effect in most states in the U. S.
B．many of the developed countries forbid drivers using hand-held cell phones
C．over fifty localities or states ban drivers from using hand-held cell phones
D．more people in the U. S. are against the ban than for it
3．The official mentioned in this passage _______.
A．does not agree with this ban
B．doesn’t believe using hand-held cell phones while driving will cause any danger
C．doesn’t understand why hand-held cell phones alone should be banned among many others
D．believes changing pants while driving will cause greater danger
4．The writer intends to tell us in the last paragraph that _______.
A．it is not fair to have this ban passed
B．the ban will never be passed in the whole country
C．more activities of the same kind should also be banned
D．the ban will meet with more criticism
5．This article is most probably taken from _______.
A．a newspaper article B．an advertisement
C．a personal diary D．a letter
.
For millions ofpeople，the American dream ofowning a home seems to be slipping out of
reach．
“Maybe young couples can no longer afford to buy a ready-made house as their parents did,'’
says 40-year-old building instmctor Pat Hennin．“But they can still have a home．Like their pioneer ancestors，they can build it themselves，and at less than half the cost of a ready-made house．”
The owner-builders came from every occupational group，although surprisingly few are professional building workers．Many take the plunge with little or no experience．“l learned how to build my house from reading books，”says John Brown，who built a six-room home for$25，000 in High Falls，New Jersey．“If you have patience and the carpentry(木匠)skill to make a bookcase，you can build a house．”An astonishing 50 percent of these owner builders hammer every nail．1ay every pipe，and wire every switch with their own hands．The rest contraet(承包)for some parts of the task．But even those who just act as contractors and finish the insides of their homes can save from 30 percent to 45 percent ofwhat a ready-made home would cost．
One survey revealed that 60 percent ofowner-builders also design their homes．Many others
buy commercial house plans for less than $100 or use plans available from the U．S． Department ofAgriculture．
49．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．The cost of having a house built．
B．A comparison between young couples and their parents．
C．The life of owner-builders in America．
D．The American dream of owning a house．
50．It can be inferred from the passage that many Americans find it difficult to _______
A．build a house B．find aready-made house
C．have a good job D．buy a house
51．The underlined phrase“take the plunge”most probably means“_______”
A．decide to build a house B．decide to pull down a house
C．decide to buy a house D．decide to rent a house
52．From the passage we learn that_______．
A．Many house plans are offered free of charge．
B．Most of the house plans arc offered by building instructors
C．Fifty percent of the Amedcan young couples build houses．
D．Must of the owner．builders design their homes．
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题
卡上将该项涂黑。
The 2009 outbreak of HINI is a new kind of influenza virus, commonly referred to as “swine flu”. It is thought to be a break of four known kinds of influenza. A virus subtype H1N1: one endedmic(流行病) in humans, one endemic in birds, and two endemic in pigs (swine). The source of the outbreak in humans is still unknown, but cases were first discovered in the U.S. and soon after in Mexico.
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)，it is not yet clear how serious this new virus actually is compared with other influenza viruses, although on May 26 they stated that new cases in the U.S. have probably reached the hightest point, and most cases have so far been mild relative to “seasonal flus”. But because this is a new virus, most people will not have immunity(免疫性) to it, and illness may eventually become more severe and widspread. The H1N1 flu mainly spreads in the same way that regular “seasonal influenza” spreads through the air from coughs and sneezes or touching those infected. It cannot be transmitted from eating cooked pork or by being in close contact with pigs.
As yet there is no vaccine(疫苗) available to prevent infection although companies are in the planning stages for having one available later this year. But there is concern that the virus could vary again over the coming months, leading to a new and potentially more dangerous flu outbreak later in the year, and a vaccine that will be less effective in preventing its spread.
As of May 27, the virus had spread to more than 50 countries; however, over 80% of reported deaths have taken place in Mexico. According to the CDC, the fact that the flu’s infection activity is now monitored more closely may help explain why more flu cases than normal are being recorded in Mexico, the United States and other countries.
1. The 2009 outbreak of H1N1 is thought to .
A.be concerned with four endmics
B.have come from the virus from pigs
C.occur because of unknown virus in Mexico
D.be caused because of people without immunity
2.According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, ______.
A.most people won’t be infected with the flu
B.the H1N1 will not be too mild to cause many deaths in the world
C.the present situation allows of no optimist
D.H1N1 can be transmitted by touching pigs
3.To make people worried more is that .
A.no effective vaccine can prevent the virus from spreading
B.the virus will mutate in the following months
C.a seasonal influenza will break out
D.the newly-developed vaccine will lose effectiveness
4.From the passage we can learn that .
A.every country is watching closely the spreading of the H1N1
B.more than one-fourth of the deaths from the H1N1 are in Mexico
C.only the United States and Mexico recorded the cased of influenza
D.effective medicine has been produced to cure the H1N1
MOSCOW(Reuters) – Russia hopes the United States will extend the deadline to retire its space shuttles beyond 2011 and has heard unofficially it is possible, the head of Russia"s space agency was quoted as saying on Friday.
The U.S. space agency NASA(美国宇航局) plans six more missions by its fleet of aging space shuttles by late next year or early 2011 after the construction of the $100 billion International Space Station (ISS) is completed. The shuttles will then be retired. But the head of Roscosmos, Russia"s space agency, said he would prefer to see further shuttle missions to the Space Station, now in orbit 360 km (225 miles) above Earth. "From some sources we have learned that it is possible to extend the life of the shuttle beyond 2011," Roscosmos chief Anatoly Perminov was quoted by RIA news agency as saying. Reuters was not invited to the briefing(简报会). "Then the situation would change substantially and it would be possible to work jointly with the Americans, unlike now, when the main burden (for the ISS) lies with the Russian side," Perminov was quoted as saying by Interfax. Perminov said he had not been told this through official channels, Interfax news agency reported. He added that NASA"s new chief and former astronaut Charles Bolden would visit Russia"s Baikonur cosmodrome on September 30 in his first foreign trip.
NASA"s future strategy is currently under review with the main focus on possible flights to Mars. It is also encouraging a private space taxi project to the ISS. NASA"s current plan, conceived under former President George Bush after the Columbia accident, is to complete the space station, retire the shuttles and build new spaceships. A new rocket and capsule to transport astronauts to the ISS is also being developed but will not be operational until about 2015. Until then, NASA will rely on Roscosmos and must pay $50 million per seat for flights to the ISS by Soyuz capsules.
The U.S., Russian and Chinese governments are the only entities currently capable of human orbital space flight, although several U.S. companies are developing vehicles and support services to do so.
1.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．NASA agrees to extend the life of the shuttles beyond 2011.
B．Reuters was not invited to the briefing.
C．The US would work jointly with Russia.
D．NASA’s new chief would visit Russia’s Baikonur cosmodrome.
2.NASA’s current plan includes all the following EXCEPT .
A．completing International Space Station
B．flights to Mars
C．retiring the current space shuttles
D．building new spaceships
3.If the US doesn’t extend the life of the shuttles beyond 2011, .
A．International Space Station will be quit
B．Roscosmos will have to build more spaceships
C．NASA will have to quicken the development of the new rocket and capsule
D．Roscosmos will be burdened with the transportation to ISS
4.We can infer from the passage that .
A．China has already been involved in the project of flights to Mars
B．it is certain the NASA will retire the current space shuttles as planned
C．NASA is considering Russia’s suggestion
D．NASA will be able to provide a private space taxi project to the ISS by 2015.
