Question

The question of what children learn,and how they should learn,is continually being debated and redebated．Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system,the learning of lessons parrot-fashion,the grammar-with-a-whip system,which was good enough for our grandparents．The theories of modern psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the need of children．Children are not just small adults;they are children who must be respected as much． 　　Well,you may say,this is as it should be,a good idea．But think further．What happens?“Education”becomes the responsibility not of teachers,but of psychologists（心理学家）．What happens then?Teachers worry too much about the psychological implications（暗示）of their lessons,and forget about the subjects themselves．If a child dislikes a lesson,the teacher feels that it is his fault,not the child's．So teachers worry whether history is“relevant”to modern young children．And do they dare to recount stories about violence?Or will this make the children themselves violent?Can they tell their classes about children of different races,or will this encourage racial hatred?Why teach children to write grammatical sentences?Verbal expression is better．Sums?Arithmetic?No:Real-life mathematical situations are more understandable． 　　You see,you can go too far．Influenced by educational theorists,who have nothing better to do than to write books a bout their ideas,teachers leave their teacher-training colleges filled with grand,psychological ideas about children and their needs．They make elaborate,sophisticated（精致、复杂的）preparations and try out their “modern methods”on the long-suffering children．Since one“modern method”rapidly replaces another the poor kids will have had a good bellyful by the time they leave school．Frequently the modern methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers,let alone the children;even more often,the relaxed discipline soessential for the“informal”feelings the class must have,prevents all but a handful of children from learning anything． (1) People do not dare defend the old system mainly because under the old system ________ [　　] A． too much grammar was taught to children B． children were spoiled（宠坏） C． children were treated as grown-ups D． children were to learn passively（被动的） (2) What view do the modern psychologists hold? [　　] A． Children must be understood and respected． B． Children are small adults and know what they need． C． Children are better off without learning lessons． D． Education of children is the responsibility of psychologists． (3) What happens when teachers pay too much attention to the psychology of their lessons? [　　] A． They find that the children dislike the lessons． B． They tend to blame students for their failure． C． They do not pay enough attention to the actual lessons． D． They no longer want to teach children history． (4) Grammatical sentences are regarded as unimportant because ________ [　　] A． it is better to use verbs only B． words are said out of natural feelings only C． talking freely and naturally without sentences is a better form of expression D． it is felt that formal grammar rules might cause unnatural expressions (5) According to the passage,the modern methods are understood by ________ [　　] A． neither teachers nor pupils B． only a handful of teachers and pupils C． the more sophisticated teachers D． everyone who enjoys the relaxed discipline of the informal classes

Answer 1

答案：1．D;2．A;3．C;4．B;5．A;
解析：

(1)	鹦鹉学舌地课文学习、附带鞭子的语法教学使学生缺乏任何门由，非常被动。
(2)	文章第一段最后一句说到：现代心埋学理论认为，我们必须懂得孩子们的需要，还要尊重孩子们。
(3)	文章第二段提到，老师过多担心功课的心理暗示而忽略了功课本身。
(4)	文章第二段中说到Why teach children to write gram matical sentences?Verbal expression is better，因此答案为B．
(5)	文章最后一段说“Frequently the modern methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers，let alone the children”，所以答案是A．