题目内容

  Most slang words are used more in speaking

  than in writing. As this reason, few can be found in dictionaries.          1________

Most of Americans know about 10, 000 to 20, 000 words.                 2________

About 1, 000 to 2, 000 of these words are slang. However, slang           

words are among those used very often.                             

Slang words are made up of special groups such as                     3________

workers, and musicians. They are used to describing a new                4________

subject, experience of idea. At first, only the member of                   5________

such special groups understand words they have made up.                 6________

Later, some of the slang words are used by other people, too.               7________

Slang words can be popular for a time, but then forget                   8________

and not used any more. Students study a foreign language                  9________

should be very careful about what words to use but what not.              10________

Generally, it is better not to use slang words.

 

答案:
解析:

1.As→For 

2.去掉of 

3.of→by 

4.describing→describe 

5.member→members 

6.∧words→the 

7.√ 

8.forget→forgotten 

9.study→studying 

10.but→and

 


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  SHANG HAI :Slim 21-year-old Huang Wenxian is a woman of many talents. She is not merely beautiful and clever ,she also knows the correct way to eat a banana.First you take the fruit, cut it open with a knife and then slice it into small pieces which you eat with a fork.“You would do this on a formal occasion or in front of somebody that you respect,” she says. Huang is one of an elite group of girls at the Shanghai Normal University Women's College ,who have been admitted to study Chinese Literature or Public Relations at China's first State funded finishing school.

The curriculum includes ordinary coursework as well as Japanese, English, embroidery(刺绣),the tea ceremony and Chinese and Western table manners.?

Many of the finer points of femininity(妇女气质) lapsed when women were urged to strive for equal rights and forget their feudal traditions, said course director Professor Sun Xun.

“After 1949,government policies emphasized women's rights so there were no women's colleges; they went to ordinary colleges,”he said.?

  In the 1990s,the idea of all female colleges resurfaced. However, the new breed of women's colleges are not aiming to be centers of academic excellence modelled on Girton at Cambridge or Radcliffe on the U.S. east coast.?

  Rather, these ,new finishing schools are modeled on the Swiss ideal of turning out young ladies who know how best to get out of a car, or arrange a bunch of flowers.? “We started the women's college because although there is emphasis on women's equality in society ,women's special talents are different,” said Sun.?

  With China entering the World Trade Organization and the country's big cities becoming more cosmopolitan(世界性的),young people need to grasp international manners to succeed in business.?

  Suggestions that these schools will merely turn out “Flower vases”—Chinese slang for trophy women who are empty but beautiful—are denied by the administration and students.“I can answer that accusation with facts, we are very capable. There is one girl in my course who already has written her first novel. Perhaps other people are just jealous,” said Huang.?

  One woman who is sure that finishing schools will gain ground in China is June Yamada ,a Japanese entrepreneur who aims to set up a “Style Academy” in partnership with the Jinmao Group that co-owns Shanghai's Grand Hyatt hotel.?

  Yamada hopes to sell training courses to corporations or aspiring career girls who want to work for international firm but still spit their chicken bones onto the table.?

“People need elegance .They need manners, and that is not the kind of thing that you find in university,” she explains.?

  Shanghai Normal University, accepts only girls over 1.62 meters for Women's College courses because many companies place an emphasis on women being tall and pretty before considering them for jobs.?

  But while many Chinese films do set height standards, the idea is unknown at multinationals.“I've seldom seen that kind of thing. As I recall, my secretary was quite short,” says Shah Olynik ,a public relations consultant who formerly worked for a major U.S.PR firm.?

1.When you want to eat banana at home, you'd better _______.?

A.cut it open?       B.eat after peeling off the skin?

C.slice into pieces?   D.eat with a fork

2.We started women's college because_______.?

A.it is necessary to know women's the correct way to eat a banana?

B.woman should know how to get out of a car or arrange a bunch of flowers?

C.we wanted to emphasize women's rights?

D.it is necessary to own woman's special talents

3.According to the text, we can know _______.?

A.the women at the Shanghai Normal University must be over one point and six two metersB.the students in the Normal University must be good at embroidery?

C.it's wrong to think girls in women's colleges are empty but beautiful.?

D.many international companies attend to pay more attention to the women's appearance

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true??

A.In 1976,most woman would be possibly accepted by ordinary colleges.?

B.In 1993,maybe female colleges aimed to be centers of academic centers excellence centers.?

C.As a member of the World Trade Organization, oung people should grasp international manners.?

D.Some companies don't set height standards.

5.The best title would be _______.?

A.Female Grace Returns?

B.Shanghai Normal University?

C.Women's Equality in Society?

D.Women Need Elegance

阅读理解

  A profound(意味深长的)truth about language is contained in the statement that “Words by themselves have no meanings.”People sometimes overlook that truth.They tend to mistake the word for the thing itself.They imagine that there is one “right” word for a given idea, action, or object.

  But words mean only what people agree they should mean, and no more.The word “snake” may cause shudders(颤栗)even if the creature is absent, but it is only a word.The word “steak” may cause mouths to water, but the word is not the thing.People are responding to certain sounds or to a few ink spots on a page, not the actual object that is a snake or a steak.

  If a small child calls her highchair chy, is chy a word? Three other questions will help to provide an answer.Does chy play a role in the life of the child? Does chy stand for a particular object in the child's environment? Do the child's parents understand what is meant by chy? Since the answer to all the three questions is “YES,” chy qualifies as a word.However, it is a word of very limited use.It will not appear in any dictionary, in any magazine or newspaper, or in any news report.In a practical sense, chy does not function as the kind of word we mean when we say the word.It is a genuine word, but one that very few people use.

  Older children sometimes make up special words to communicate with their friends.Just as the small child created chy to mean “highchair,” older children invent words for certain objects or ideas.They then send messages in a kind of code.These children have made new words that perform all the functions that words should perform.Of course, outsiders(旁观者)are confused when faced with these words.They don't know the code-just as you probably don't know the code when faced with the language of the Finns on the Watusi.

  Language is a contract.Words mean only what people agree they should mean.Travellers abroad soon find out that the contract they are familiar with-the English language-is not in force in many countries of the world.English, for example, is not the principal language of Hungary.Hungarians have a different contract, one that is understandable to even a small Hungarian child but a mystery to most American tourists.

(1)

Which of the following statements can best express the main idea of the passage?

[  ]

A.

Children often develop special languages all their own.

B.

Language is basically a contract accepted by users of a language.

C.

A Hungarian child understands a language that puzzles American adults.

D.

Language is a mysterious creation, a wonder of communication.

(2)

The passage suggests that chy ________.

[  ]

A.

may appear in an idiom or a slang dictionary

B.

is actually a word when it is understandable

C.

is taken from the Watusi language

D.

is as generally useful a word as steak

(3)

Children invent codes to ________.

[  ]

A.

communicate better

B.

annoy their friends

C.

write more easily

D.

keep their secrets

(4)

This article suggests that ________.

[  ]

A.

there is no absolutely right word for an object

B.

the word for steak is actually better than the word for snake

C.

Hungarian children have different troubles learning their language

D.

the young children communicate more effectively than the adults

完形填空

  Today's English learner has a wide choice of dictionaries.There are   1   with AmericanEnglish, with British English, with idioms or slang, and   2   with pictures.One of the most   3   dictionaries I have seen among many students is the   4   electronic dictionary.All you have to do is to   5   a word in your language and you can see it and   6   it in English.That's great, right?Well, I think it's great, too…but only sometimes.

  Bilingual electronic dictiooaries are fast and   7  .They can be great   8   you are traveling and need information quickly.  9   I am against electronic dictionaries and even bilingual   10  dictionaries in many cases.Let me explain.

  When you reach an intermediate(中等的)level of English, you know   11   of the language to ask the meaning of certain things while using English.Translating between languages in your head   12   time.You should be translating as little as possible and   13   in English as much as possible.I strongly recommend that intermediate and advanced students should   14   an English-English dictionary that is made   15   for your understanding.For example, Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press has good dictionaries for students and   16   publishing houses do, too.

  I also feel that paper dictionaries are better for studying than electronic dictionaries.True, they take longer to use.But, for some reason, the information you   17   seems to stay in your head longer.It may be   18   you are forced to spell the word in your head and therefore“see it”more clearly in your   19  

  So what do you do if you have checked an English-English dictionary and still don't understand something?Go to your bilingual dictionary.It is useful sometimes.Just remember to try to   20   in English a s much as possible.

(1)

[  ]

A.

dictionaries

B.

books

C.

magazines

D.

papers

(2)

[  ]

A.

still

B.

even

C.

yet

D.

just

(3)

[  ]

A.

interesting

B.

useful

C.

expensive

D.

popular

(4)

[  ]

A.

saying

B.

talking

C.

speaking

D.

telling

(5)

[  ]

A.

take down

B.

get across

C.

type in

D.

say out

(6)

[  ]

A.

observe

B.

feel

C.

hear

D.

say

(7)

[  ]

A.

difficult

B.

vital

C.

helpful

D.

easy

(8)

[  ]

A.

when

B.

as

C.

after

D.

before

(9)

[  ]

A.

So

B.

And

C.

But

D.

While

(10)

[  ]

A.

plastic

B.

paper

C.

electric

D.

visual

(11)

[  ]

A.

enough

B.

little

C.

most

D.

few

(12)

[  ]

A.

spends

B.

costs

C.

takes

D.

invests

(13)

[  ]

A.

writing

B.

typing

C.

thinking

D.

reflecting

(14)

[  ]

A.

borrow

B.

buy

C.

keep

D.

Use

(15)

[  ]

A.

especially

B.

specially

C.

generally

D.

extremely

(16)

[  ]

A.

another

B.

other

C.

the other

D.

others

(17)

[  ]

A.

refer to

B.

check in

C.

look up

D.

put in

(18)

[  ]

A.

why

B.

because

C.

when

D.

where

(19)

[  ]

A.

mind

B.

ears

C.

eyes

D.

heart

(20)

[  ]

A.

speak

B.

stay

C.

save

D.

remember

I was asked in an email about learning idioms in a foreign language.Maybe I am different from most people,but I do not bother with them.To me they are kind of dessert of language learning.They come at the end of a meal.Once you have filled up with the solid fare—the key words and phrases that are used in a variety of situations,then you can add a few idioms to spice up things.And by that time you will be able to pick them up naturally anyway.

I find that many learners have an obsession(困扰) with slang and idioms,as if repeating some very colloquial expressions is going to upgrade how they sound in a language.In fact it is the opposite.Idioms are difficult to use correctly.They can easily sound very strange coming from someone who obviously does not have a good sense of the language.

Yes,occasionally you hear idioms or slang and do not understand.But,in my experience,there are always situations where you do not understand.It is best to focus on the most important words,what they mean and how they are used.Certainly,it is best for a non?native speaker to stick to standard speech.

Some teachers even try to teach the “real language”.Then you hear non?native speakers saying things like “I gonna” ,“You wanna” etc.I just cringe(厌烦).

You will learn all the idioms you need just by exposing yourself to the language.In general,you can save any phrase that you find interesting,and if that includes idioms,go to it.But I would not make any special effort to go after idioms.I,in fact,avoid them.If I come across something in Russian that strikes me as a particularly slangy or idiomatic use of words,I just leave it aside; do not even bother trying to learn it.If it keeps on appearing,then I will learn it.But I would certainly be reluctant(勉强的) to try to use it.

 

1.In the writer's opinion,when one learns a new language,one should learn its idioms ________.

A.at the beginning   B.on one's own

C.in the end       D.without help

2.The underlined word “colloquial” in Para.2 means “________”.

A.oral       B.informal

C.formal       D.written

3.It can be inferred from the passage that________.

A.idioms are the most important part in a language

B.the writer is not very willing to use idioms

C.non?native speakers should learn more idioms

D.there are no ways to master idioms

4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A.It's better to avoid idioms in a language

B.Idioms are very charming in a language

C.How to learn idioms in a language

D.Why it's difficult to use idioms in a language

5.How did the writer develop the passage?

A.By inferring.

B.By comparing.

C.By listing examples.

D.By giving explanations.

 

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