题目内容
【题目】阅读理解
Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation (发行 ). The “Daily Mirror “ and the “Daily express” both sell about four million copies everyday. British families generally buy a newspaper every morning and two or three on Sundays.
Besides the national papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies. Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and county area has one. Nearly all of them hold their own financially (财政 ) and many of them are very profitable (赚钱的 ) .
These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports. Editors prefer to rely on people who know the district well. A great deal of local news is regularly supplied by clubs and churches in the neighborhood and it does not get out to date as quickly as national news.
The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising ( 广告) . He is usually anxious to keep the good will of local businessmen for this reason. But if the newspaper is well written and the news items have been carefully chosen to draw local readers, the business men are grateful for the opportunity (机会 ) to keep their products in the public eyes.
(1)Visitors to Britain are surprised to learn that ____.
A.there are so many local newspapers there
B.local papers should have a circulation of four million
C.the “Daily Mirror “ and “Daily Express” sell as many as 4 million copies every day
D.British newspapers are so widely read
(2)Local newspapers have ______.
A.a circulation as large as that of national newspapers
B.a daily circulation of 13 million
C.a slightly smaller circulation
D.an even larger circulation
(3)In the writer's opinion, no paper can possibly succeed without _____.
A.advertisements
B.interesting reports
C.a great deal of national news
D.an excellent sales manager
(4)Which of the following is true?
A.All the local newspapers are very profitable.
B.Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 14 million
C.Local readers are much interested in local news
D.Each British family buys three newspapers on Sundays
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】本文讲述了英国报纸行业繁荣的原因:在英国,基本每家每户每天都会看报纸,甚至在周末会看两三份报纸。而英国的地方报纸行业发行量几乎和国家报纸一样多。报社编辑们坚信报纸行业的成功离不开广告。
(1)细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知,英国报纸发行量巨大,很多家庭每天都会读一份,甚至两到三份报纸。故选D。
(2)细节理解题。根据“Besides the national papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies.”可知,当地报纸销量几乎和英国报社一样多,即稍微少一点。故选C。
(3)细节理解题。根据“The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising (广告).”可知,报纸的成功离不开广告。故选A。细节理解题。根据“These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports.”可知,当地居民对当地的新闻很感兴趣。故选C。
(4)细节理解题。根据“These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports.”可知,当地居民对当地的新闻很感兴趣。故选C。
【题目】请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rushing into business. Firms of all types are using AI to forecast demand, hire workers and deal with customers. The McKinsey Global Institute, a think-tank within a consultancy, forecasts that just applying AI to marketing, sales and supply chains could create economic value of $2.7trn over the next 20 years.
Such grand forecasts fuel anxiety as well as hope. Less familiar, but just as important, is how AI will transform the workplace.
Start with the benefits.AI ought to improve productivity. Humanyze, a people analytics software provider, combines data from its badges(工牌)with employees’ calendars and e-mails to work out, say, whether office layouts favour teamwork .Slack, a workplace messaging app, helps managers assess how quickly employees accomplish tasks. Companies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.
Employees will gain, too. Thanks to advance in computer vision, AI can check that workers are wearing safety equipment and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor. Some will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better.
Machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them. That starts with hiring. People often have biases but algorithms(算法), if designed correctly, can be more unprejudiced. Software can flag patterns that people might miss.
Yet AI’s benefits will come with many potential drawbacks. Algorithms may not be free of the biases of their programmers, which can have unintended consequences. The length of a travel may predict whether an employee will quit a job, but this focus may harm poorer applicants. Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity. And surveillance(监控)may feel Orwellian—a sensitive matter now that people have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives.
As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to guide its spread. First, data should be anonymized where possible. Microsoft, for example, has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office, but gives managers information only in aggregated(整合)form. Second, the use of AI ought to be transparent. Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their workplaces and which data are being gathered. As a matter of routine, algorithms used by firms to hire, fire and promote should be tested for bias and unintended consequences. Last, countries should let individuals request their own data, whether they are ex-workers wishing to contest a dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.
The march of Al into the workplace calls for trade-offs between privacy and performance. A fairer, more productive workforce is a prize worth having, but not if it chains employees. Striking a balance will require thought, a willingness for both employers and employees to adapt and a strong dose of humanity.
AI Spy | |
Passage outline | Supporting details |
Introduction | While its future in business is full of 【1】, AI affects the workplace negatively. |
Advantages of AI | ·AI makes business more productive by analyzing the office layout, assessing the employees’ working efficiency and 【2】 their behavior. ·AI can 【3】 employees’ safety and provide feedback for them to better themselves. ·AI helps businesses hire more suitable employees and develop a better 【4】 of promotion and pay rise. |
Potential drawbacks of AI | ·Undesirable results may arise due to the biases of the programmers. ·Poorer applicants and older staff are at a 【5】 ·Employees’ privacy is 【6】 in the age of AI. |
Principles 【7】 AI’s spread | ·Keep the data anonymous when they are gathered and used. 【8】 employees of technologies used in the workplace and test the algorithms to avoid undesirable results. ·【9】 employees to access data for their own sake. |
Summary | Only when employees and employers are 【10】 to adapt and respect each other, can AI make workplace fairer and more productive. |